二阶中立型变时滞差分方程解的振动性

研究了二阶中立型变时滞差分方程Δ2(xn+pxn-l)+qnf(xσ(n))=0解的振动性,获得了该类方程全部非平凡解振动的三个定理.所得结果将二阶中立型差分方程已有的振动性的相应结论推广到了二阶中立型变时滞差分方程.     

一类二阶中立型差分方程正解的渐近稳定性

研究了下列二阶中立型差分方程Δ2[x(n)-px(n-τ)]+q(n)x(g(n))=0,n n0正解渐近趋向于零的充分条件.     

具有连续变量的二阶中立型时滞差分方程的振动性

研究了一类具有连续变量的二阶中立型时滞差分方程△(2Υ)(x(t) -px(t- γ) =mΣi=1 qi(t)x(t-σi),t ≥ t0 ＞ 0的振动性,给出了其有界解振动的几个充分条件.     

具强迫项高阶非线性中立型差分方程的振动性与渐近性

讨论具强迫项高阶非线性中立型差分方程△m(xn ∑si=1pi(n)xγi(n)) ∑kj=1qj(n)hj(xσj(n))=fn,n=0,1,2,…及其相关联的差分方程△m(xn ∑si=1pi(n)xγi(n)) ∑kj=1qj(n)hj(xσj(n))=0,n=0,1,2,…的振动性与渐近性,得到了所有解振动或趋于零的充分性判据.     

一类二阶非线性中立型差分方程的振动性

研究了二阶非线性中立型差分方程Δ2(xn+pxn-l)+qnf(xn-k)=0的振动性,获得了该类方程振动的三个充分性定理.所得结果将一阶非线性中立型差分方程已有振动性的相应结论推广到了二阶非线性中立型差分方程.     

一阶中立型时滞差分方程振动的充分必要条件

研究了一阶常系数中立型时滞差分方程A[x(n)-px(n-τ)]+qx(n-σ)=0的振动性.通过构造若干适当的函数,分别得到了在01两种情况下该方程的一切解振动的充分必要条件.     

二阶中立型线性微分差分方程的非振动解的类型与判别

本文考虑二阶中立型线性微分差分方程其中r>0,p>O,p(t)>0,1>c≥0,g(t)= ∞,给出了仅有的几种满足x(t)[x(t)-cx(t-r)]>O的非振动解的类型且得到了一些判别的充分条件。     

二阶非线性中立型时滞微分方程的振动性

考虑二阶非线性中立型时滞微分方程(x(t)-p(t)x(t-τ))″+∑ from i=1 to n (qi(t)fi(x(t-σi)))=0,t0,其中p,q_i∈C(R+,R+),τ,σ_i∈(0,∞),f_i∈C(R,R),i=1,2,…,n,分别得到了方程所有解振动和方程存在非振动解的充分条件,推广和改进了相关文献中的相关结果.     

二阶泛函差分方程的振动性判别准则

利用Raccati变换技巧得到下列二阶非线性中立差分方程△(pn(△(sn+φ(n, Xτn))γ))+qnfβ(x9n)=0,n=0,1,2,...的一些振动性判别准则,这些结果改进了文献 [10,11]中的一些振动准则,并回答了一个公开问题,且改正了文献[10]中的一个定理及其证明．     

一阶中立型差分方程的振动性

研究了一阶中立型时滞差分方程Δ[x(n)-px(n-τ)]+qx(n-σ)=0的振动性,p∈(0,1),q是正常数,利用适当的不等式和特征方程,建立了方程解的新振动准则.     

煤层注水非线性渗流方程的解析解及应用

本文运用流体力学,多孔介质流体动力学,渗流理论等理论知识,结合实验室和现场试验,从理论上对煤层注水预湿煤体机理进行了研究.分析了煤层注水过程,建立起了煤层注水的数学模型;对煤层注水的边界条件进行了描述.由于描述煤层注水的方程组为非线性的,为简化它们,利用了因次分析理论,引入了注水压力,渗透速度,煤水份增加量等无因次量.之后讨论了其解析和近似解.另外:结合实际煤层注水的科研项目,说明了该理论指导煤层注水及设计的作用和重要性.     

Mathematical programming modeling of the Response Time Variability Problem

The Response Time Variability Problem (RTVP) is a scheduling problem that has recently been defined in the literature. The RTVP has a broad range of real-life applications from manufacturing to services and information technology. A previous study developed a position exchange heuristic to apply to initial sequences for the RTVP, and a MILP (Mixed Integer Linear Programming) to obtain optimal solutions with a practical limit of 25 units to be scheduled. This paper aims to improve the best mathematical programming model developed thus far in order to solve larger instances up to 40 units to optimality. The contribution of this paper is 4-fold: (i) larger instances can be solved to optimality by the off the shelf standard software; (ii) the new optimal solutions of the RTVP can be used to compare the results of heuristic procedures; (iii) the importance of modeling is demonstrated, as well as the huge impact that reformulation, redundant constraints and the elimination of symmetries have on the efficiency of MILPs is clearly established; finally (iv) a challenge to develop a customized optimization algorithm to rival the MILP solution efficiency for the RTVP is put forward.     

Auxiliary tool allocation in flexible manufacturing systems

This paper analyses a new approach to the machine loading problem arising in flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs). This approach allows the operations to be assigned to machines assuming that machines have access to all the tools required for their operations. This exploits the flexibility of the FMS completely. Next an allocation of tools to machines is determined which satisfies the tool requirements for each machine and minimizes the total number of tools. Thus this approach minimizes the unnecessary tool duplications in the system and maximizes the tool utilization. The problem is modeled as an integer linear program (ILP). We notice that the main problem has a block diagonal structure which is decomposable by relaxing a set of linking constraints. Each separated sub-problem represents a problem of allocation of a single type of tools. We develop a branch-and-bound based exact solution procedure and three heuristic procedures to solve the sub-problems. Our lower bounding approach uses Lanrangean relaxation. The solutions to the Lagrangean relaxation are further used to determine the branching sequences and to develop heuristic approaches. Since finding even a feasible solution to the main problem is NP-hard, we develop only enumerative procedures to solve the main problem. Finally, these solution procedures are tested on randomly generated test problems.     

Using box indices in supporting comparison in multiobjective optimization

Because of the conflicting nature of criteria or objectives, solving a multiobjective optimization problem typically requires interaction with a decision maker who can specify preference information related to the objectives in the problem in question. Due to the difficulties of dealing with multiple objectives, the way information is presented plays a very important role. Questions posed to the decision maker must be simple enough and information shown must be easy to understand. For this purpose, visualization and graphical representations can be useful and constitute one of the main tools used in the literature. In this paper, we propose to use box indices to represent information related to different solution alternatives of multiobjective optimization problems involving at least three objectives. Box indices are an intelligible and easy to handle way to represent data. They are based on evaluating the solutions in a natural and rough enough scale in order to let the decision maker easily recognize the main characteristics of a solution at a glance and to facilitate comparison of two or more solutions in an easily understandable way.     

Learning to Ignore Online Help Requests

Email discussion groups provide a useful way of organizing email communities with a common interest in a certain topic. Emails submitted to the discussion group are sent automatically to each individual member, thereby eliminating the need to send multiple emails. This method may present unexpected difficulties however, when it comes to cooperation between members. An experimental study shows that email requests for help sent through discussion groups received less responses than emails sent individually to members of a group. Furthermore, subscribers to large discussion groups responded less often to help requests, whether they were sent to the group as a whole or to individuals. These results are discussed in terms of the separate roles of social cues and experience on the diffusion of responsibility effect.     

Transition to turbulence, small disturbances, and sensitivity analysis I: A motivating problem

For over 100 years, researchers have attempted to predict transition to turbulence in fluid flows by analyzing the spectrum of the linearized Navier-Stokes equations. However, for many simple flows this approach fails to match experimental results. Recently, new scenarios for transition have been proposed that are based on the interaction of the linearized equations of motion with small disturbances to the flow system. These new “mostly linear” theories have increased our understanding of the transition process, but the role of nonlinearity has not been explored in detail. This paper is the first of a two part work in which sensitivity analysis is used to study the effects of small disturbances on transition to turbulence. In this part, we study a highly sensitive one-dimensional Burgers' equation as a motivating problem. Sensitivity analysis is used to predict the large changes in solutions in the presence of a small disturbance. Also, sensitivity analysis is shown to provide more information about the disturbed nonlinear problem than a purely linear analysis of the problem. In the second part of this work, this analysis will be extended to the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations to show that small disturbances have great potential to trigger transition to turbulence.     

Restricted Kalman filter applied to dynamic style analysis of actuarial funds

We use dynamic style analysis to unveil the strategies followed by Brazilian actuarial funds from January 2004 to August 2008 and investigate whether managers’ decisions were compatible with the intention of protecting the investor against the negative effects of inflation. The main goal of this paper is to show that this methodology is suitable for allowing insurance companies to increase their capacity to monitor the behavior of portfolios and to control the amount of risk they assume. The basic steps of the method are to build and/or choose market indexes capable of characterizing the returns of the main securities available and to apply restricted linear state space models estimated with a Kalman filter with exact initialization. The main conclusions of this paper are the following: (1) the use of exact initialization of the Kalman filter promotes numerical stability; (2) there is no need to consider the entire set of market indicators because a subset containing only three indexes spans the relevant space of investment opportunities; and (3) the actuarial funds’ resources were primarily invested in inflation‐indexed bonds, but fund managers also left room to adjust their exposure to other assets not directly related to the objective of providing protection against inflation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

出租车司机社会贡献评价方法研究

出租车司机的社会贡献对于促进城市经济发展和社会进步具有重要的作用,评价出租车司机的社会贡献是激励出租车司机多做社会贡献的重要手段。为了评价出租车司机的社会贡献,本文提出了一种基于实际出租车运营数据的评价方法。本文设计了运营特性、重点区域、恶劣天气、大事件四个体现司机社会贡献的指标,以此构建了出租车司机社会贡献评价指标体系,进而选用了主观赋权法G1法和客观赋权法拉开档次法相结合的赋权方式对指标赋权,并选择四种评价信息集结方法建立了出租车司机社会贡献评价模型。最后,通过实际的出租车运营数据验证了本方法的可行性。本文为评价出租车司机社会贡献提供了一种研究思路和方法,并对政府政策的制定和企业策略的实施具有一定的启示。     

快递企业航空货运网络的构建

快递业竞争激烈,构建高效合理的航空货运网络是快递企业提高竞争力的重要手段。“枢纽—辐射”式航空货运网络是整合航空快递资源、提高航空快递资源利用效率、提高快递企业竞争力的有效模式。本文以降低航空快递网络成本、加快航空快递处理时间为目标,从航空快递网络枢纽的选取、指派关系的确定、枢纽个数的选择三个方面研究了航空快递网络模型建立问题,选用遗传算法求解不同枢纽个数下航空快递网络的运输成本,并据此进行枢纽的选取,运用重力模型法进行指派关系的确定,在此基础上运用超效率DEA模型确定枢纽个数。接着,以包含17个节点的顺丰航空快递网络的规划为例,对本文所提出的模型和算法进行了验证,验证结果证实了模型的合理性。本文的研究为快递企业构建航空货运网络提供了科学实用的方法,该方法的使用可以降低航空货运成本,提高效率,从而提高快递企业的竞争力。