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聚合物电解质主要分为凝胶聚合物电解质和固态聚合物电解质两种类型,均能够提升锂二次电池的性能。其中,凝胶聚合物电解质是利用增塑剂实现聚合物基质的凝胶化,将有机液态电解液固定在三维网络结构中,因此同时具备液态的离子扩散速率和固态材料的机械性能;而固态聚合物电解质是一种完全没有液态电解质的体系,利用聚合物基体的极性实现锂盐的解离,以聚合物分子链的运动实现离子传输。相对于传统的非原位法制备的聚合物电解质而言,原位聚合反应制备的聚合电解质能够有效改善电解质与电极的界面相容性、简化电池组装工艺、降低制造成本。本文综述了当前原位聚合电解质在锂二次电池中应用的研究进展,并展望了原位聚合电解质的应用前景和未来挑战。 相似文献
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高分子固体电解质设计的新概念 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
高分子固体电解质是开发零释放能源--高性能电池的关键材料。本文详细介绍了20世纪90年代以来高分子固体电解质结构设计的新概念,包括高分子凝胶电解质,两相高分子电解质,盐掺聚合物(Polymer-in-salt),有机/无机纳米复合型电解质,悬挂柔性短聚醚侧链的网格聚合物电解质。 相似文献
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设计合成了分别悬挂磺酸官能团、磺酸锂官能团和烷基链官能团的三种结构的离子液体基聚合物,用于聚合物凝胶电解质的制备,并应用于染料敏化太阳能电池中.结果发现这三种聚合物含量的变化对电池性能的影响有较大差别.悬挂普通烷基链官能团的离子液体基聚合物(P-CH3I)的加入,由于增加了电解质的粘度,使得电池的性能随着P-CH3I含量的增加而变差;悬挂磺酸锂官能团的离子液体基聚合物P-LiI加入使电池的性能略微下降,而悬挂磺酸官能团的离子液体基聚合物P-HI加入到离子液体电解质后,在一定浓度范围内能改善离子的扩散等性能,从而使基于这种离子液体基聚合物的电池的光电性能相对较好.并通过电解质AFM微观形貌的研究解释了这三类电解质中离子扩散的差异以及光电性能的差别. 相似文献
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首次采用新型有机硅聚合物——侧链含一半硅氢键的羟基封端聚二硅氧烷(PSEMH)与聚氧乙烯醚(PEO)作为基质, 通过溶液浇铸法制备了PEO-PSEMH-LiClO4全固态共混聚合物电解质膜. 交流阻抗谱实验测定结果表明PSEMH与PEO共混作为聚合物电解质的基质可以显著提高共混聚合物电解质的离子电导率. PSEMH含量为25%, O/Li+为12∶1时, 共混聚合物电解质具有最大离子电导率2.7×10-5 S•cm-1 (28 ℃). PSEMH的引入一方面可以显著地抑制PEO的结晶性能, 另一方面PSEMH分子链节中的二硅醚氧原子与Li+间具有配位作用, 且参与了共混聚合物电解质锂离子迁移运动. 相似文献
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氧亚甲基连接的聚氧乙烯多嵌段聚合物的合成和性能研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
用不同分子量聚乙二醇和二氯甲烷在氢氧化钾存在下合成几种氧亚甲基连接的聚氧乙烯多嵌段聚合物。某些聚合物具有较好的力学性能和一定的结晶度,聚合物与LiClO4络合物的室温电导率较高,35℃时的电导率随聚氧乙烯链段分子量变化出现峰值。以电导率最高的络合物为电解质,Na1+xV3O8复合物和Li片分别为正、负极组装了薄型锂电池并测定其放电性能。 相似文献
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Ze Liu Li-xiang Wang Xia-bin Jing Fo-song Wang The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China 《高分子科学》2001,(6):615-621
Two new blue light-emitting PPV-based conjugated copolymers containing both an electron-withdrawing unit(triazole-TAZ) and electron-rich moieties (carbazole-CAR and bicarbazole-BCAR were prepared by Wittig condensationpolymerization between the triazole diphosphonium salt and the corresponding dialdehyde monomers. Their structures andproperties were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, DSC, UV-Vis, PL spectroscopy and electrochemical measurements. Theresulting copolymers are soluble in common organic solvents and thermally stable with a T_g of 147℃ for TAZ-CAR-PPVand of 157℃ for TAZ-BCAR-PPV. The maximum photoluminescence wavelengths of TAZ-CAR-PPV and TAZ-BCAR-PPV film appear at 460 nm and 480 nm, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry measurement demonstrates that TAZ-BCAR-PPVhas good electrochemical reversibility, while TAZ-CAR-PPV exhibits the irreversible redox process. The triazole unit wasfound to be an effective π-conjugation interrupter and can play the rigid spacer role in determining the emission colour ofthe resulting copolymer. 相似文献
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A novel bipolar conjugated polymer containing triphenylamine and 1,3,4-oxadiazole units was synthesized by Suzuki reaction.Its structure and properties were characterized by NMR,IR,UV-Vis,PL spectroscopy and electrochemical measurement. The photoluminescent spectroscopy and cyclic voltammograms measurement demonstrated that the resulting polymer shows blue emission (477 nm) and possesses both electron and hole-transporting property. 相似文献
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共轭聚合物材料及电致发光器件 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
共轭聚合物是一种极有应用前景的有机半导体材料,本文综述其研究进展,包括典型共轭聚合物材料PPV、PT、PF等及PPP的工作原理,发展前景和存在的问题。 相似文献
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Rajendra R. Bhat Michael R. Tomlinson Jan Genzer 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2005,43(23):3384-3394
Orthogonal polymer brush gradients are assemblies of surface-anchored macromolecules, in which two material properties of the grafted chains (e.g., grafting density, molecular weight) vary independently in orthogonal directions. Here, we describe the formation and applications of two such orthogonal assemblies, involving: (1) molecular weight and grafting density (MW/σ) gradients of a given polymer and (2) molecular weight gradients (MW1/MW2), of two different polymers. Each point on orthogonal gradient substrate represents a unique combination of the two surface properties being varied, thus facilitating systematic investigation of a phenomenon that depends on the two said properties. We illustrate this point by employing orthogonal structures to study systematically: (1) formation of polymer brush-nanoparticle composite assemblies, (2) protein adsorption and cell adhesion, and (3) chain conformations in tethered diblock copolymers exposed to selective solvents. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3384–3394, 2005 相似文献
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本文研究了聚甲基丙烯酸三乙基锡酯(PTETM)在二十五种溶剂中的溶解性能。测定了PTETM试样在不同溶剂中的特性粘数,估算了PTETM的三维溶度参数为:δ=18.8(J/cm~3)~(1/2);δ_d=16.8(J/cm~3)~(1/2);δ_p=6.28(J/cm~3)~(1/2);δ_h=5.73(J/cm~3)~(1/2)。并就聚合物中锡原子上的取代基对其溶解性能的影响进行了讨论。作者还订定了PTETM在四氢呋喃溶液中,25℃时的MHS方程为[η]=2.55×10~(-3)M_w~(0.691);在甲苯溶液中,30℃时的MHS方程为[η]=2.79×10~(-3)M_w~(0.662)。利用Burchard-Stockmayer-Fixman关系,由四氢呋喃体系(25℃)和甲苯体系(30℃)所求得的Flory特征比C_∞=9.4。 相似文献
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Eric F. Connor Inez Lees Derek Maclean 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2017,55(18):3146-3157
Polymer drugs are those in which a polymer agent has a direct therapeutic effect on the body. A major investigated area of polymer drugs is their use as binding agents, or sequestrants, which can neutralize or remove undesired components from the body. By taking advantage of the unique properties of crosslinked, insoluble polymers, new polymer drugs continue to be developed for oral use, acting in the gastrointestinal tract and excreted in the feces. Soluble polymer binders may be administered by a variety of routes and act at diverse sites of therapeutic action. This article reviews the properties of polymer drugs, particularly sequestrants, with an emphasis on recent advances in polymer properties which may enhance the utility of this class of drugs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 3146–3157 相似文献
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采用对氯苯甲醛和联苯二胺为原料,合成了4,4′-二氯代苄叉联苯胺,发现该化合物具有热致液晶性。利用所合成的二氯代化合物与硫化钠在醋酸锂催化下缩取得得到了含硫聚西佛碱探讨了高分子量含硫聚西佛碱的合成方法。测出该含硫聚西佛碱具有3.4×10~(-11)S/cm本征导电率。使用红外光谱、元素分析等方法表征了所合成的聚合物。 相似文献