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向列液晶的“挠曲电效应”在1969年由Meyer首先提出,30年后这一理论才被重视.文章回顾了挠曲电效应的研究历程,总结了已取得的成果,并就挠曲电研究中的基础问题、研究进展、研究现状及存在的问题进行了系统的介绍,为从事此方面研究的工作者提供参考. 相似文献
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Deformations of nematic layers caused by magnetic field allow determination of the elastic constants of liquid crystal. In
this paper, we simulated numerically the deformations of planar and homeotropic nematic layers. The flexoelectric properties
of the nematic and presence of ions were taken into account. Our aim was to show the influence of flexoelectricity on the
results of the real measurement of the elastic constants k33 and k11. In these simulations, we calculated the optical phase difference ΔΦ between the ordinary and extraordinary rays of light
passing through the layer placed between crossed polarizers as a function of the magnetic field induction B. One of the elastic
constants can be calculated from the magnetic field threshold for deformation. The ratio k33/k11 can be found by means of fitting theoretical ΔΦ(B) dependence to the experimental results. The calculations reveal that the
flexoelectric properties influence the deformations induced by the external magnetic field. In the case of highly pure samples,
this may lead to false results of measurement of the elastic constants ratio k33/k11. This influence can be reduced if the nematic material contains ions of sufficiently high concentration. These results show
that the flexoelectric properties may play an important role, especially in well purified samples. 相似文献
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The stationary and the time-dependent homogeneous ordered states in convection may both become unstable against localized perturbations. Defects are then created and they may contribute to the disorganization of the homogeneous state. We present an experimental study of defects in some homogeneous stationary structures as well as in the traveling-wave states of convection of a nematic liquid crystal. We show that the core of the defects is a germ of the unstable state and it can become unstable under the external stress. Then, either fully homogeneous states with the symmetry of the core, or complex disordered states can develop from the local instability of defects in processes quite similar to displacive transitions in solids. Some of the main features are qualitatively similar to numerical simulations of an appropriate Landau-Ginzburg equation. 相似文献
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The flexoelectric coefficients e1 and e3 for polar liquid crystals, such as 4-n-pentyl- 4′-cyanobiphenyl, are investigated theoretically by means of an integral equation approach, which takes into account translational, orientational
correlations as well as their coupling. e1 and e3 are evaluated from microscopic expressions derived on the basis of a density-functional method.
Received 27 April 2001 and Received in final form 27 August 2001 相似文献
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Topological analysis of disclinations in nematic liquid crystals is an interesting and diverse topic that goes from strict mathematical theorems to applications in elaborate systems found in experiments and numerical simulations. The theory of nematic disclinations is shown from both the geometric and topological perspectives. Entangled disclination line networks are analyzed based on their shape and the behavior of their cross section. Methods of differential geometry are applied to derive topological results from reduced geometric information. For nematic braids, systems of −1/2 disclination loops, created by inclusion of homeotropic colloidal particles, a formalism of rewiring is constructed, allowing comparison and construction of an entire set of different conformations. The disclination lines are described as ribbons and a new topological invariant, the self-linking number, is introduced. The analysis is generalized from a constant −1/2 profile to general profile variations, while retaining the geometric treatment. The workings of presented topological statements are demonstrated on simple models of entangled nematic colloids, estimating the margins of theoretical assumptions made in the formal derivations, and reviewing the behavior of the disclinations not only under topological, but also under free-energy driven constraints. 相似文献
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研究了向列相液晶缺陷TiO2和SiO2交替的光学多层膜一维光子晶体透射谱偏振敏感特性。外电压下透射光谱测试和模拟结果显示,对于平行取向的向列相液晶,当自然光垂直入射时,禁带中两处出现e(TE模式)光和o光(TM模式)透射峰,具有偏振敏感性。随着电压增大,e光透射峰蓝移与o光透射峰合二为一,光谱可调谐范围分别为31和34nm;而对于取向混乱的向列相液晶,禁带中两处出现独立的透射峰,无偏振敏感性。随着电压增大峰位也蓝移,光谱可调谐范围分别为64和15nm。通过混乱取向液晶分子,可以使o光和e光有效折射率值相等,获得偏振不敏感特性。 相似文献
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M.H. Majles Ara S.H. MousaviZ. Mousavi M.S. Zakerhamidi 《Journal of Molecular Liquids》2011,161(1):41-43
In this paper, the static Kerr effect was investigated for the W-1680 at temperatures above the nematic-isotropic transition temperature and compared with 9CHBT. We experimentally measured the electro-optical Kerr constant and the pre-transitional behavior. The Kerr law has been confirmed and the variation of the inverse Kerr constant, with a temperature above the smectic-isotropic transition temperatures, were determined. The linear dependence of (T − T*)− 1 on the Kerr constant is found to be in good agreement with the predications of the Landau-De Gennes model. Additionally, the temperature dependence of third order susceptibility has been studied. This value for these samples will reduce when the temperature increases. 相似文献
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S. Krishna prasad Geetha G. Nair Gurumurthy Hegde K. L. Sandhya D. S. Shankar Rao Chethan V. Lobo 《Phase Transitions》2013,86(6):443-455
Temperature, concentration of the solvent and pressure are the parameters that are well known to bring about phase transitions in liquid-crystalline systems. In recent years a new parameter has been added to this list: light. The principle behind these photoinduced transitions is the light-driven shape transformation of certain photoactive materials like, e.g., azobenzene. In this article, we present results of various aspects of our recent investigations on such photoinduced transitions in the nematic phase and highlight the feature that light is a new tool to study phase transitions and the associated critical phenomena. 相似文献
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对向列相液晶染料的可调谐激光器进行了光学特性研究. 以650 nm为中 心波长设计了SiO2和TiO2多层膜的一维光子晶体, 以激光染料与向列相液晶的混合物作为增益介质层, 制备了波长可调谐激光器.用Nd: YAG倍频脉冲激光器输出的532 nm激光抽运所制备的激光器样品得出如下光学特性: 激光发射波长随温度调谐范围为605.5---639.8 nm, 达到34.3 nm, 随电压调谐范围为634.5---619.5 nm, 达到15 nm. 发射激光每脉冲的阈值能量为12.3 μJ, 激光线宽小于1 nm. 相似文献
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Determining the sum of flexoelectric coefficients in nematic liquid crystals by the capacitance method 下载免费PDF全文
A detailed theoretical analysis of determining the sum of flexoelectric coefficients in nematic liquid crystals using the capacitance method is given. In the strong anchoring parallel aligned nematic (PAN) and hybrid aligned nematic (HAN) cells, the dependences of the capacitance on the sum of flexoelectric coefficients and the applied voltage are obtained by numerical simulations, and the distributions of the director and the electric potential for different applied voltages and flexoelectric coefficients are also given. Based on this theoretical analysis, we propose an experimental design for measuring the capacitance of a liquid crystal cell using the improved precision LCR meter E4980A (Agilent). Through comparing the experimental data with the simulated results, the sum of flexoeletric coefficients can be determined. 相似文献
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The slow orientational fluctuations of the director in the nematic state of d-PAA have been studied by real-time neutron scattering. By analysis of the measured time series we have derived the Hurst exponentH as a function of the applied magnetic field and of the applied vertical temperature difference of the sample. For zero values of both parameters we foundH0.9, indicating a high degree of temporal correlation between orientational fluctuations. At increasing field or temperature gradientH approaches a value of 0.5, corresponding to zero temporal correlations. 相似文献
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A new scheme for recording a dynamic phase grating with an asymmetric profile in C60-doped homeotropically aligned nematic liquid crystal(NLC) was presented.An oblique incidence beam was used to record the thin asymmetric dynamic phase holographic grating.The diffraction efficiency we achieved is more than 40%,exceeding the theoretical limit for symmetric profile gratings.Both facts can be explained by assuming that a grating with an asymmetric saw-tooth profile is formed in the NLC.Finally,physical mechanism and mathematical model for characterizing the asymmetric phase holographic grating were presented,based on the photo-refractive-like(PR-like) effect. 相似文献
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根据激光激发声表面波的热弹运动方程及热传导方程, 采取有限元技术对方程进行求解, 得到声表面波传播波形图. 当声表面波经过近表面缺陷时, 声表面波与近表面缺陷之间产生一种振荡效应, 通过近表面缺陷的振荡波形幅值存在一个逐渐增加后又逐渐减小的过程. 当声表面波经过不同深度的近表面缺陷时, 振荡信号中心频率存在一定的变化规律. 数值仿真结果表明: 当近表面缺陷深度从0.1 mm到0.5 mm变化时, 振荡效应产生的振荡信号中心频率从0.4 MHz到0.76 MHz变化, 振荡信号中心频率与近表面缺陷深度呈近似线性关系, 这为近表面缺陷的定量检测提供了一种理论基础. 相似文献