火焰原子吸收法测定钢铁中铅时阴离子表面活性剂的增感效应及其机理探讨

火焰原子吸收法测定钢铁中铅，采用0．2％十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）和0．001mol／L硝酸介质，加入硫脲消除共存元素铋的干扰，铅的浓度在0—20μg／mL范围内服从比耳定律。方法检出限为0．10μg／mL，相对标准偏差为2．30％，回收率为97％—99％，样品测定结果令人满意。并对阴离子表面活性剂增感机理进行了探讨。     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收法测定中药中铅、镉含量的研究

研究了各因素对样品消解效果的影响 ,优化了石墨炉原子吸收条件 ,建立了一种快速、有效的中药中铅、镉含量的检测方法 ,方法对铅、镉的检出限分别为 0 .14 5 ng/ m L、0 .0 119ng/ m L和线性范围分别为 0—2 0 ng/ m L、0— 2 ng/ m L。样品测定回收率为 96 .7%— 10 3.6 % ,结果满意。     

微波灰化-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定植物油中微量铅

采用微波灰化技术处理样品 ,运用断续流动 氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定植物油中的铅 ,探讨了微波灰化条件对铅测定的影响 ;研究了载流和样品酸度、还原剂浓度、基体改进剂以及载流流速对氢化物发生的影响。铅的线性范围为 1 0 0～ 2 0 0 μg·L-1,最低检出限为 0 31μg·L-1,相对标准偏差为 1 84 % ,回收率为 89 2 %～ 97 3%。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定中药(党参、黄芪、巴戟天)中的铅

应用AFS-2202a型双道原子荧光分光光度计和断续流动的氢化物发生技术,采用HNO₃-H₂O₂体系和高压釜消解中药样品测定了中药党参、黄芪、巴戟天中的铅。同时,研究了光电管负高压、灯电流、屏蔽气和载气流量、载流的选择,酸度的影响等。在选定实验条件下,铅的检出限为0.08 μg·L-1, 相对标准偏差为0.34%。该方法简便、快速、灵敏,对于实际中药样品的测定得到了满意的结果。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定中药中痕量砷

采用HNO3—HCIO4体系消解中药样品，优化实验条件，建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定中药中痕量砷的方法。砷的相关系数为0．9993，检出限为0．36μg／L，茶叶(GBW08505)验证结果与推荐值一致，相对标准偏差为0．89％。该方法灵敏、简便、快速、准确，对于实际样品的测定得到了满意的结果。     

ICP-AES法直接测定中成药中的铅、镉、铜

采用ICP－AES法同时测定了中成药样品中的铅、镉、铜。加标回收率为94．2％－102．4％，10次测定的RSD（n＝10）小于4．2％。方法操作方便，分析速度快，结果准确。     

单缝石英管原子捕集原子吸收光谱法测定净水剂中铅

本文研究了单缝石英管贫焰捕集 脉冲富焰释放原子捕集原子吸收光谱法测定净水剂中的铅 ,对测定条件和干扰元素进行了探讨 ,拟定了简便、快速测定净水剂中铅的新方法。本法线性范围为 0～ 10 0 μg·L-1,回收率为 97%～ 10 3% ,相对标准偏差为 2 6 %～ 2 8% ,用于实际样品中铅的测定 ,结果满意     

微波消解ICP-AES法同时测定花岗石中铜、镉、铬和砷

本文采用微波消解和ICP－AES法，同时测定花岗石样品的铅、镉、铬、砷4有害元素，检出限分别为0．0008、0．0007、0．0018、0．0012μg.mL^-1,回收率为93．4％－102．5％，RSD为1．3％－3．6％，该法准确、快速、简便，结果令人满意。     

气相色谱／石英炉（Ⅲ型）原子吸收光谱联用及烷基铅化学形态分析…

本文较系统地研究了色谱／原子吸收光谱联用的工作条件对测定烷基铅的影响，选择了分析条件，并对烷基铅样品进行了分离测定。分析结果的相对标准差为３．３１－４．１２％，回收率为９４．６－１０４．０％。     

气相色谱／石英炉（Ⅲ型）原子吸收光谱联用及烷基铅化学形态分析的研究

本文较系统地研究了色谱／原子吸收光谱联用的工作条件对测定烷基铅的影响，选择了分析条件，并对烷基铅样品进行了分离与测定。分析结果的相对标准差为３．３１～４．１２％，回收率为９４．６～１０４．０％     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.