苦绳的寡糖成分

从苦绳(Drehea sinensis Himsl.)中分离得到三个新化合物:苦绳双糖苷(2a),苦绳三糖苷(3a)和苦绳四糖苷(4) 经化学反应和光谱分析证明其结构依次为:β-D-黄夹吡喃糖基-(1→4)-β-D-磁麻吡喃糖甲苷;β-D-葡葡吡喃糖基-(1→4)-β-D-黄夹吡喃糖基-(1→4)-α-D-夹竹桃吡喃糖甲苷和-β-D葡萄吡喃基-(1→4)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-(1→4)-β-D-黄夹吡喃糖基-(1→4)-α-D-夹竹桃吡喃糖甲苷。     

九子参中三个糖链上带乙酰基的新三萜皂苷-九子参苷B,C, D

从石竹科植物九子参(Silene rubicunda)根中得到四个糖链上带乙酰基的新的三萜皂苷-九子参苷A, B, C, D(rubicunosides A~D, 1~4)。前文已详细报道了九子参苷A的结构研究, 本文报道九子参苷B, C, D的结构。通过FAB-MS和NMR,分别确定九子参苷B, C, D为糖链上带单乙酰基的三萜九糖苷、七糖苷和糖链上带双乙酰基的三萜八糖苷, 分别命名为皂树酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→3)-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→4')-β-D-吡喃鸡纳糖-(1→2)]-[3'-O-乙酰基]-β-D-吡喃夫糖苷(九子参苷B, 2), 皂树酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃萄淘糖醛酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-[4"-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)]-β-D-吡喃夫糖苷(九子参苷C, 3), 皂树酸-3-O-β-D－吡喃半乳糖-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃半乳糖-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→3)]-[6'-O-正丁基]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→3)-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-[2"-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃鸡纳糖-(3'-O-乙酰基]-β-D-吡喃夫糖苷(九子参苷D, 4)。     

HPLC法测定油茶枯饼中两种主要黄酮苷

建立了油茶枯饼中两种主要黄酮苷：山奈酚3-0-[2-O-β-D-木糖-6-0-α-L-鼠李糖]-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅰ）和山奈酚3-0-[2-O-β-D-半乳糖-6-0-α-L-鼠李糖]-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅱ）的高效液相色谱测定方法。采用C18 Column（BDS,Hypersil,250mm×4.6 mm）,流动相为V（乙腈）∶V（0.1%H3PO4）=20∶80,流速1 mL/min;检测波长266 nm。结果表明,黄酮苷Ⅰ的线性范围为60-2000 mg/L（R=0.9993,n=6）,平均回收率99.5%,RSD为1.6%;黄酮苷Ⅱ的线性范围为30-1200mg/L（R=0.9995,n=6）,平均回收率100.7%,RSD为1.2%。该方法可用于检测油茶枯饼及其提取物中两种主要黄酮苷。     

高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱联用测定黄芪黄酮苷酶解产物

高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱(HPLC-ESI-MS)联用分析黄芪中的黄酮类化合物结果表明黄芪黄酮提取物主要包含毛蕊异黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、芒柄花苷、9, 10 -二甲氧基紫檀烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷以及2'-羟基-3',4'-二甲氧基异黄烷-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷等黄酮苷,黄芪黄酮提取物经过β-葡萄糖苷酶(1 IU/mL)粗酶液酶解后,HPLC-ESI-MS分析酶解生成产物主要为黄酮苷元毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花素、3-羟基-9,10 -二甲氧基紫檀烷以及7, 2'-二羟基-3',4'-二甲氧基异黄烷.其中前两种主要的黄酮苷酶解率均达90%以上.酶解后所得产物对DPPH自由基清除率是酶解前的1.4倍.因此,通过β-葡萄糖苷酶水解可以有效地将黄芪黄酮转化为相应的黄酮苷元,大大提高黄芪黄酮提取物的抗氧化活性.     

大黄柳叶中新黄酮苷的结构鉴定

利用聚酰胺柱色谱法和制备型高效液相色谱法从柳属植物大黄柳叶中分离得到了一种新黄酮苷和两个已知黄酮化合物。利用核磁共振谱、质谱、紫外光谱、红外光谱对化合物结构进行了分析和表征。结果表明,新化合物为地奥亭7-O-β-D-吡喃木糖（1→6）β-D吡喃葡萄糖苷,为从自然界中首次发现的新黄酮苷类化合物。2种已知黄酮化合物为槲皮素3-O-芸香糖苷和槲皮素3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷。     

番红花化学成分研究 III. 番红花花粉中的番红花新苷甲和乙的结构

从番红花(crocus sativus L.)花粉中分到两个新苷, 命名为番红花新苷甲(1)和乙(2)。经理化性质和对它们的IR、UV、^1HNMR和MS数据的分析, 鉴定1为异鼠李素-4'-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃(1→2)β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷, 2为β-对羟基苯基-乙醇-α-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→2)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷。     

藿香的化学成分分析

从藿香茎叶的乙醇提取物中共分离鉴定出5个化合物:异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(1)、金丝桃苷(2)、3,5,8,3,′4′-五羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、尼泊尔鸢尾异黄酮-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(4)和正三十烷酸(5).其中化合物3和4为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

番红花化学成分研究 III. 番红花花粉中的番红花新苷甲和乙的结构

从番红花(crocus sativus L.)花粉中分到两个新苷, 命名为番红花新苷甲(1)和乙(2)。经理化性质和对它们的IR、UV、^1HNMR和MS数据的分析, 鉴定1为异鼠李素-4'-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃(1→2)β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷, 2为β-对羟基苯基-乙醇-α-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖(1→2)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷。     

含羞草中新黄酮碳苷的结构鉴定

研究了海南含羞草(Mimosa pudica)的化学成分,利用Diaion HP-20、Toyopearl HW-40、MCI-Gel CHP-20、Sephadex LH-20、RP18及硅胶等柱色谱法对海南含羞草成分进行分离纯化。根据理化性质和波谱方法(1H-NMR、13C-NMR、1H-1HCOSY、HSQC、HMBC、ESI-MS、IR等)鉴定化合物的结构。结果表明,新化合物为5,7,3′,4′-四羟基-6-C-[β-D-芹糖-(1→4)]-β-D-葡糖黄酮碳苷;另一已知化合物5,7,4′-三羟基-8-C-β-D-葡糖黄酮碳苷为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

九子参苷A的结构

从石竹科植物九子参(Silene rubicunda Franch.)根中得到一个糖链上带双乙酰基的新三萜八糖苷──九子参苷A(rubicunoside A, 1)。以化学降解反应、酶解和波谱分析, 得到15个衍生物, 其结构最后确定为皂树酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→3)-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-[2'-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃鸡纳糖-(1→2)]-[3'-O-乙酰基]-β-D-吡喃夫糖苷{3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[→β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(→4)-[2'-OAc-→β-D-quinovopyranosyl-(1→2)]-[3'-OAc]-β-D-fucopyranoside, 1}。同时发现甘草酸酶的两个新酶解特性。。     

New flavan and unusual chalcone glycosides from Drypetes parvifolia

Two new compounds 7-hydroxy-5-O-（β-D-glucopyranoside） flavan （1） and （Z）-4＇,6＇-dihydroxy-2＇-O-（β-D-glucopyranoside） chalcone （2）, along with eight known compounds, were isolated from the stem bark of Drypetes parvifolia （Euphorbiaceae）. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence.     

Cytotoxic and antimicrobial aporphine alkaloids from Fissistigma poilanei (Annonaceae) collected in Vietnam

Two new aporphine alkaloids: 8-hydroxy-9-methoxy-1,2-methylenedioxyaporphine (1) and 8-hydroxy-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxyaporphine (2) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Fissistigma poilanei along with five known compounds: oxocrebanine (3), kuafumine (4), (2R,3R)-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxydihydroflavonol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (5), (+)-catechin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (6) and quercetine 3,7-dimethoxy-3'-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?→?2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (7). These two new aporphine alkaloids exhibited a moderate cytotoxic activity against four human cancer cell lines (KB, Hep-G2, MCF-7, LU) as well as antimicrobial activity against Lactobacillus fermentum, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtillis.     

A new isorhamnetin glycoside and other phenolic compounds from Callianthemum taipaicum

A new flavonol glycoside together with five known phenolic compounds were isolated from the whole herb of Callianthemum taipaicum. The compounds were identified as isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-arabinoside-7-O-β-D-glucoside (1), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (2), dibutyl phthalate (3), (+)-1-hydroxylpinoresinol-4'-β-D-glucoside (4), pinoresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (5) and 2-phenylethyl-β-primeveroside (6). Compound 1 was identified as a new flavonol glycoside. The compound 6 was isolated for the first time as natural product. All compounds were isolated for the first time from the Callianthemum genus. Furthermore, the 2D-NMR data of the four known compounds 2-5 are given for the first time in this paper. All the structures were identified on the basis of detailed spectral analysis. The compounds 1 and 4 exhibited certain antifungal activity.     

Glycosylated constituents of iris fulva and Iris brevicaulis

The major constituents of leaf extracts of Iris fulva KER GAWL. comprised a known flavone C-glycoside, 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone-6-C-(6?-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-glucopyranosyl)(1?→2″)-β-glucopyranoside (1) and the new monoterpene glycoside, linalyl-6'-O-(3″-hydroxy-3″-methylglutaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), both of which were prominent components of Iris brevicaulis RAF. leaf extracts. The structure of a new polyacylated sucrose derivative (3a) obtained from the rhizomes of I. fulva was elucidated as 3-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2?1')-[2″,4″,6″-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1″→3')-(2',6'-di-O-acetyl-4'-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-α-D-glucopyranoside)]. Selective hydrolysis of the 4″-O-acetyl moiety of the terminal β-glucopyranosyl residue of 3a occurred after several hours in solution giving 3-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2?1')-[2″,6″-di-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1″→3')-(2',6'-di-O-acetyl-4'-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-α-D-glucopyranoside)] (3b), which subsequently underwent further deacetylation.     

New constituents from the rhizomes of Egyptian Iris germanica L

Chemical investigation of the methanolic extract of the rhizomes of Iris germanica L. (Iridaceae) afforded two new compounds; irigenin S (7) and iriside A (12), together with ten known compounds: stigmasterol (1), a-irone (2), γ-irone (3), 3-hydroxy-5-methoxyacetophenone (4), irilone (5), irisolidone (6), irigenin (8), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), irilone 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10) and iridin (11). Their structures were established by UV, IR, 1D (1H and 13C) and 2D (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy, in addition to mass spectroscopic data and comparison with literature data. The methanolic extract was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity. Both the methanolic extract and the isolated flavonoids were tested for their anti-inflammatory activity.     

Ultra-performance LC-photodiode array-eλ-ESI-MS/MS screening method for the detection of radical-scavenging natural antioxidants from radix et rhizoma Rhei

A novel ultra-performance LC-photodiode array-el-ESI-MS/MS screening method was developed for the detection and identification of natural antioxidants from radix et rhizoma Rhei. Nine compounds were found to possess a potential antioxidant activity, and their free radical-scavenging capacities were investigated in detail. The nine compounds were identified as 1-O-galloyl-2-O-cinnamoylglucose, 6-hydroxymusizin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, (+)-catechin, gallic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene- 4'-O-β-D-(2"-O-galloyl)-glucopyranoside, sennoside A, 4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2- butanone-4'-O-β-D-(2"-O-galloyl-6"-O-p-coumaroyl) glucopyranoside, emodin-8-O-(6'-Omalonyl) glucopyranoside, and physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. The reactivity and SC(50) values of those compounds were investigated, respectively. 1-O-Galloyl-2-O-cinnamoylglucose showed the strongest capability for scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazylfree radical; trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene-4'-O-β-D-(2"-O-galloyl) glucopyranoside showed the strongest capability for scavenging superoxide radical; 4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone- 4'-O-2-D-(2"-O-galloyl-6"-O-p-coumaroyl) glucopyranoside exhibited the highest reactivity in the lipid peroxidation processes. The use of the analytical screening method based on ultra-performance LC-photodiode array-el-ESI-MS/MS would provide a new way for rapid detection of radical-scavenging natural compounds from radix et rhizoma Rhei or complex matrices.     

Structure elucidation of two new unusual monoterpene glycosides from Euphorbia decipiens, by 1D and 2D NMR experiments

Two new unusual monoterpene glycosides, (Z)-3,6-dimethyl-3-(β-D-O-glucosylmethylene)cyclohept-4-ene-1-one (1) and 3,6-dimethyl-3-(β-D-O-glucosylmethylene)cycloheptanone (2) have been isolated along with five known compounds, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin, luteolin, apigenin 5-O-αl-L-rhamnoside, and pinocembrin-7-O-rutinoside from ethyl acetate extract of Euphorbia decipiens. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR, and mass spectroscopic analyses.     

Lavandulifolioside B: a new phenylethanoid glycoside from the aerial parts of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl

Reversed-phase preparative HPLC analyses of the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Stachys lavandulifolia afforded a new phenylethanoid glycoside, 4,3',4'-trimethoxy-lavandulifolioside A, named lavandulifolioside B, together with three other known phenylethanoid glycosides, lavandulifolioside A, verbascoside and leucosceptoside A, and an iridoid glycoside 5-O-β-allopyranosyloxy-aucubin (5-O-β-allopyranosyl-monomelittoside). While the structures of the known compounds, except the iridoid glycoside, were established by direct comparison of their spectroscopic data with respective literature data, lavandulifolioside B and 5-O-β-allopyranosyloxy-aucubin were identified comprehensively by extensive 1D and 2D NMR analyses. The distribution of the isolated compounds within the genus Stachys has been discussed.     

3-Hydroxymethylglutaryl flavonol glycosides from a Mongolian and Tibetan medicine, Oxytropis racemosa

Three new flavonol 3-O-glycosides, rhamnetin 3-O-[(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaroyl(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), rhamnocitrin 3-O-[(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroyl(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), and isorhamnetin 3-O-[(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroyl(1→6)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), along with 13 known compounds, were isolated from Oxytropis racemosa TURCZ. Their structures were deduced by means of spectroscopic methods and chemical evidence. 2 and 6 showed cytotoxic activities against HCT-8 (IC?? 6.38 μM) and A549 (IC?? 5.20 μM), respectively.     

豆荚软珊瑚Lobophytum sp. 的次生代谢产物研究

从海南岛三亚海域采集的软珊瑚Labophytumsp.中分离得五个甾醇苷(1)～(5)。通过波谱分析，确定它们的化学结构依次为3'-O-乙酰基-4-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖苷]-孕甾-20-烯-3β,4α-二醇(1)，4-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖苷]-孕甾-20-烯-3β,4α-二醇(2),4'-O-乙酰基-4-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖苷]-孕甾-20-烯-3β,4α-二醇(3),4'-O-乙酰基-4-O-[β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷]-孕甾-20-烯-3β,4α-二醇(4)和4-O-[β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷]-孕甾-20-烯-3β,4α-二醇(5),其中1为新化合物。体外细胞毒性实验表明：化合物(1),(2)和(5)对SKMG-4,Hep-G2和CNE2三种人体癌细胞具有抑制作用。