碳纳米管电极上的电化学行为分析

用化学方法对碳纳米管进行表面处理,用红外谱对处理后的碳纳米管进行表征,处理后的碳纳米管表面出现了活性功能团羧基.用这些碳纳米管制成电极,对Cd离子在硫酸钠中的电化学行为进行了分析.结果表明,从碳纳米管电极上可以观察到很好的、准可逆循环伏安图;在扫描速度为100 mV*s-1时,氧化还原峰电位分别出现在-0.65 V和 -0.95 V 对照饱和甘汞电极(SCE).峰电流与扫描速度的平方根成良好的线性关系,说明反应过程是由镉离子的扩散控制的.由循环伏安图相关的电位与扫描速度关系,我们导出了电子转移动力学速度参数.由于碳纳米管电极有很好的电化学活性和可重复性,它可以成为一种新型的分析电极材料.     

碳纳米管电极上的电化学行为分析

用化学方法对碳纳米管进行表面处理,用红外谱对处理后的碳纳米管进行表征,处理后的碳纳米管表面出现了活性功能团羧基.用这些碳纳米管制成电极,对Cd离子在硫酸钠中的电化学行为进行了分析.结果表明,从碳纳米管电极上可以观察到很好的、准可逆循环伏安图;在扫描速度为100 mV*s-1时,氧化还原峰电位分别出现在-0.65 V和 -0.95 V 对照饱和甘汞电极(SCE).峰电流与扫描速度的平方根成良好的线性关系,说明反应过程是由镉离子的扩散控制的.由循环伏安图相关的电位与扫描速度关系,我们导出了电子转移动力学速度参数.由于碳纳米管电极有很好的电化学活性和可重复性,它可以成为一种新型的分析电极材料.     

电致发光电槽中染料电化学行为的研究

用电化学循环伏安法和紫外光谱法,比较了Alq和PBD的紫外吸收谱图及I-V曲线上的电化学行为。实验结果指出,Alq和PBD的电化学行为均不可逆,均有大的阴极还原峰电流,表明它们可用作为优良的电子传输体。从氧化还原峰的分析所得到的带隙宽度的定性结果与UV图上的结果相一致。     

片上集成三电极体系微电极阵列的表征

设计制作了片上集成三电极体系微电极阵列。工作电极分为圆形和方形两种，电极特征尺寸为100-900μm，工作电极与对电极间距为50-200μm。利用循环伏安法，在氧化还原电位探针二茂铁甲醇的作用下，对各三电极微系统进行了电极性能表征，具体分析了工作电极的形状、大小、与对电极的间距对输出特性的影响，为片上集成三电极体系的微电极阵列的设计优化提供了实际依据。     

片上集成三电极体系微电极阵列的表征

设计制作了片上集成三电极体系微电极阵列.工作电极分为圆形和方形两种,电极特征尺寸为100～900 μm,工作电极与对电极间距为50～200 μm.利用循环伏安法,在氧化还原电位探针二茂铁甲醇的作用下,对各三电极微系统进行了电极性能表征,具体分析了工作电极的形状、大小、与对电极的间距对输出特性的影响,为片上集成三电极体系的微电极阵列的设计优化提供了实际依据.     

片上集成三电极体系微电极阵列的表征

设计制作了片上集成三电极体系微电极阵列。工作电极分为圆形和方形两种,电极特征尺寸为100~900μm,工作电极与对电极间距为50~200μm。利用循环伏安法,在氧化还原电位探针二茂铁甲醇的作用下,对各三电极微系统进行了电极性能表征,具体分析了工作电极的形状、大小、与对电极的间距对输出特性的影响,为片上集成三电极体系的微电极阵列的设计优化提供了实际依据。     

碳纳米管-氢氧化镍复合电极电化学电容器

采用催化裂解法制备了碳纳米管并进一步制备了碳纳米管薄膜电极。基于该种材料的超电容器电极比容量为36 F/g。研究了在碳纳米管薄膜基体上使用电化学方法沉积氢氧化镍的新工艺,制备出碳纳米管/氢氧化镍复合电极。伏安特性曲线以及直流充放电实验证明复合电极的单电极比容量达到63 F/g,交流阻抗谱证明复合电极具有优良的阻抗特性。     

用于染料敏化太阳电池的新型碳纳米管材料

介绍了利用简单有效的电泳沉积工艺制备新型碳纳米管薄膜材料,并应用于染料敏化太阳电池。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征手段发现,制备的新型碳纳米管薄膜材料直径均匀分布,且形成一种均匀的网状结构,这种均匀的网状结构有利于电子的传输。循环伏安法测试其电化学性能,并且对制备的染料敏化太阳电池的光电性能进行测试。实验结果表明,电泳沉积制备的碳纳米管薄膜具有良好的导电和催化性能,作为对电极组装的染料敏化太阳电池光电转换效率达到6.54%,有希望替代传统的铂对电极。     

氧化钌/碳纳米管/石墨烯复合电极材料的制备和电化学性能

用水热反应法分别合成了氧化钌(Ru O_2)、多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)、还原氧化石墨烯(r GO)的二元及三元复合材料,再以此类复合材料制作了电极。采用循环伏安、交流阻抗、恒电流充放电等方法研究了其电化学性能,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其形貌进行了表征。结果表明:三元复合材料能明显提高电极的比容量(562 F/g)和导电性,高于二元复合材料比容量。其中采用层层组装工艺制备的复合电极,比容量达到906 F/g,内阻0.298?。     

碳纳米管–聚吡咯复合材料在超电容器中的应用

在碳纳米管(CNT)基体上用化学聚合或电化学聚合方法沉积聚吡咯(PPy)制得复合材料。再以此类复合材料为活性物质制作电极,组装成原型超电容器。并对其进行了循环伏安、恒电流充放电等电化学测试。用此类复合材料制成的原型超电容器的比容量(23.6 F/g)与纯碳纳米管(2.3 F/g)或纯聚吡咯(3.9 F/g)制成的原型电容器比较,发现复合电极电容器比容量的提高不是简单的加和效应,而是协同效应所致。     

Effect of electrode material on transport and chemical sensing characteristics of metal/carbon nanotube contacts

In this paper, we report on the electrical transport characteristics and sensitivity to chemical exposure of single wall carbon nanotube devices fabricated on Pd, plasma-oxidized Pd, and Au electrodes. When the devices are exposed to vapors from ammonia, ethanol, and water, the response of current to each chemical is unique. However, there is essentially no difference in response between devices with different electrode materials. This finding suggests that for the chemical species tested in this study, the main interaction is on the nanotube or nanotube junction, and not on the effect stemming from electrode adsorption and the change in electrode work function.     

室温熔盐在碳纳米管电化学电容器中的应用

将碳纳米管制成薄膜电极,以二(三氟甲基磺酸酰)亚胺锂(LiTFSI)-1,3-氮氧杂环戊-2-酮(OZO)室温熔盐为电解液,装配成模拟电容器。测试结果表明,比电容为20.5F/g,工作电压可达2.0V以上,循环充放电500次后容量损失小于5%。室温熔盐在碳纳米管电化学电容器中表现出良好的电化学兼容性,具有良好的热稳定性,是超级电容器非常有前景的新型电解液。     

Li-inserted carbon nanotube Raman scattering

The possibility of inserting lithium into single wall carbon nanotube bundles during the growth process is analyzed in this work by using the Raman technique as probe. The nanotubes were prepared by the arc discharge method by using catalysts prepared by mixing compounds containing lithium and as their counterpart, a similar mixture without this alkali-metal. The two pair of samples studied in this work were obtained with the following catalysts: (i) Li₂CO₃/NiO/CoO and NiO/CoO; or (ii) LiCo_0.5Ni_0.5O₂ and Ni/Co. Raman spectra reveal that the tangential bands profiles of the samples prepared with the catalyst containing lithium is considerably modified in both cases. In the case of the carbon nanotubes obtained using the LiCo_0.5Ni_0.5O₂ catalyst a down shift and severe broadening are observed in addition. Comparison of our results with those published previously for alkali-metals doped single wall carbon nanotubes allowed to conclude that lithium incorporation, actually, occurs during the growth process.     

合成扫速对聚苯胺电极电容性能的影响

采用循环伏安法在不锈钢网上合成了导电聚苯胺(PANI)。研究了合成扫速分别为5,10,20,50,100 mV/s时聚苯胺电极的性能。结果表明,扫速为5 mV/s时生成的聚苯胺膜孔隙最小,比表面积最大,电阻最小,具有最好的电容性能,在0.1 A/g和1 A/g充放电电流密度下,其比容量分别达860 F/g和485 F/g。     

Fabrication of nylon-6/carbon nanotube composites

A new technique to fabricate nylon-6/carbon nanotube (PA6/CNT) composites is presented. The method involves a pretreatment of carbon nanotubes synthesized by catalytic pyrolysis of hydrocarbon and an improved in-situ process for mixing nanotubes with the nylon 6 matrix. A good bond between carbon nanotubes and the nylon-6 matrix is obtained. Mechanical property measurements indicate that the tensile strength of PA6/CNT composites is improved significantly while the toughness and elongation are somewhat compromised. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the fractured tensile specimens reveals cracking initiated at the wrapping of the CNTs PA6 layer/PA6 matrix interface rather than at the PA6/CNT interface.     

Chemical vapor deposition synthesis of self-aligned carbon nanotube arrays

A procedure for producing arrays of self-aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using standard chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is reported. Using UV photolithography, silicon substrates are patterned with a thin layer of thermally evaporated iron as a CNT catalyst. The CVD synthesis was carried out over a small temperature range (700°C–800°C) using acetylene and methane gasses, producing aligned CNT towers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows a relationship between CNT tower height and synthesis time. Additionally, results show that impurity particles dramatically effect CNT tower growth. These results indicate that aligned CNTs can be produced in a desired pattern with height control.     

碳纳米管冷阴极Pierce电子枪

为发展场致发射冷阴极毫米波电真空辐射源器件, 对利用大面积碳纳米管冷阴极产生大电流、高电流密度电子注的电子光学系统进行了研究.通过在Pierce电子枪阴极表面引入栅网结构, 解决了碳纳米管冷阴极场致发射所需的强电场和电子聚束问题.在碳纳米管冷阴极实验测试数据的基础上, 采用粒子模拟软件对上述电子光学系统进行了仿真.研究了栅网对注电流、注腰半径和电子注散射的影响, 分析了阳极电压和外加轴向磁场对电子注的聚束作用.优化后的仿真结果表明在阴极发射面为3.03 cm2时, 该电子光学系统能够产生210 mA、60 kV, 电流密度为6.7 A/cm2, 最大注半径为1mm的电子注.     

碳纳米管悬浮液光限幅机理实验研究

为了研究碳纳米管悬浮液的光限幅机理,测量了碳纳米管悬浮液的散射能量和透射能量随入射激光能量密度的变化曲线,得到了不同入射激光能量密度下,散射光能量在平行于入射线偏振光偏振方向的散射面内的角度分布,并对碳纳米管悬浮液进行了探针光实验。根据米氏散射理论,计算了在不同大小的散射中心下,碳纳米管悬浮液的散射光能量在平行于入射线偏振光偏振方向的散射面内的角度分布,以及散射截面随散射中心半径大小的变化。结果表明,碳纳米管悬浮液光限幅可能源于碳纳米管吸收激光能量汽化形成的碳气泡引起的非线性散射。     

Novel capacitance-type humidity sensor based on multi-wall carbon nanotube/SiO2 composite films

A novel capacitance-type relative humidity (RH) sensor based on multi-wall carbon nanotubc/SiO2 (MWCNTs/SiO2) composite film is reported.Details of the fabrication process,possible sensing mechanism and sensing characteristics,such as linearity and sensitivity,are described.The capacitance of the MWCNTs/SiO2 composite film shows typical concentration percolation behavior with increasing MWCNT loading.At loadings below the percolation threshold (1.842wt％),the sensor capacitance increases obviously with increasing MWCNTs.The water condensed in the MWCNTs/SiO2 layer can lower the percolation threshold and increase the sensor capacitance.The sensor with MWCNT concentration of 1 wt％ has the best properties.The sensor has a humidity sensitivity of about 673 pF/％ RH and a linearity correlation of 0.98428.The response time of the sensor to RH is about 40 s and the recovery time is about 2 s.