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1.
木质素二聚体模型化合物热解机理的量子化学研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
β-O-4连接是木质素主体结构单元之间的主要联结方式。采用密度泛函理论方法B3LYP,在6-31G (d, p)基组水平上,对β-O-4型木质素二聚体模型化合物(1-愈创木基-2-(2-甲氧基苯氧基)-1,3丙二醇)的热解反应机理进行了研究。提出了三种热解反应途径:Cβ-O键均裂的后续反应、Cα-Cβ键均裂的后续反应以及协同反应。对各种反应的反应物、产物、中间体和过渡态的结构进行了能量梯度全优化,计算了各热解反应途径的标准动力学参数。分析了各种主要热解产物的形成演化机理以及热解过程中温度对热解机理的影响。计算结果表明,Cβ-O键的均裂反应和协同反应路径(1)和(3)是木质素二聚体热解过程中主要的反应路径,而Cα-Cβ键的均裂反应和协同反应路径(2)和(5)是主要的竞争反应路径;热解的主要产物是酚类化合物如愈创木酚、1-愈创木基-3-羟基丙酮、3-愈创木基-3-羟基丙醛、愈创木基甲醛和乙烯等。在热解低温阶段协同反应是热解过程中的主要反应形式,而在高温阶段自由基均裂反应是热解过程的主要反应形式。  相似文献   

2.
木质素二聚体模型物裂解历程的理论研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
王华静  赵岩  王晨  傅尧  郭庆祥 《化学学报》2009,67(9):893-900
木质素作为生物质的主要成分之一, 是生物油的重要组分, 在工业生产中有着重要的应用. 生物质高温裂解液化制备生物油的过程伴随着木质素的裂解, 因此研究木质素高温裂解历程, 对生物油的制备有很大的帮助. 利用密度泛函方法对木质素在高温条件下的裂解历程进行理论研究, 并通过对各步反应的热力学焓变计算, 确定了初次裂解的路径为Cα—Cβ和β-O-4热裂解路径. 根据进一步的研究预测了裂解反应的主要产物.  相似文献   

3.
采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法 M06-2X/6-311G(d)研究了聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)二聚体的热降解机理,对PBT二聚体热解过程设计了八条可能反应路径,计算了每条反应路径的各基元反应步的热力学及动力学参数。计算结果表明,在PBT初始热解过程中,主链发生协同反应的反应能垒明显低于自由基反应的能垒,因此,通过协同反应生成的对苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸单丁烯酯、对苯二甲酸二丁烯酯和二对苯二甲酸-1,4-丁二酯是PBT初始热解主要产物。主链通过六元环过渡态进行的协同反应的反应能垒低于通过四元环过渡态的,PBT主链的断裂主要通过六元环过渡态的协同反应而进行。此外,还讨论了PBT主要产物的二次降解反应,研究发现,在二次降解反应过程中主要以协同反应为主,生成1,3-丁二烯、四氢呋喃、苯、CO2、苯甲酸等主要产物。  相似文献   

4.
采用密度泛函理论方法,对四种β-O-4型二聚体木质素模型化合物2-(2-甲氧基苯氧基)-1-苯基乙烷-1-醇、2-(2-甲氧基苯氧基)-1-苯基乙烷-1-酮、1-甲氧基-2-(2-甲氧基-2-苯基乙氧基)苯、2-(2-甲氧基苯氧基)-1-苯乙基乙酸酯的C_(aromatic)-O、C_(aromatic)-C_α、C_α-C_β、C_β-O键均裂解离能进行了理论计算,并对所述二聚体的热解均裂历程进行了理论计算研究,分析了不同二聚体的热解产物形成途径。结果表明,C_β-O键均裂是二聚体初次热解的主要反应,C_α-C_β键均裂是竞争反应。C_α-OH官能团被氧化、乙酰化修饰后,C_β-O键均裂解离能降低,而C_α-C_β键的键解离能升高,C_β-O键裂解概率增大,C_α-C_β键均裂竞争性降低。基于上述四种模型化合物热解的主要芳香族产物有苯甲醇、甲苯、苯甲醛和愈创木酚等,C_α-OH官能团的选择性修饰可调控热解产物种类,其中,氧化修饰后的二聚体的热解产物种类变少,产物选择性增强;甲基化、乙酰化修饰后的二聚体热解可产生苯乙烷和甲苯。  相似文献   

5.
木质素模化物紫丁香酚热解机理的量子化学研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
采用密度泛函理论方法B3LYP/6-31G++(d,p),对木质素模化物紫丁香酚的热解反应机理进行了量子化学理论研究。提出了三种可能的热解反应途径,对各种反应的反应物、产物、中间体和过渡态的结构进行了能量梯度全优化。计算了各热解反应途径的标准动力学参数,分析了各种主要热解产物的形成演化机理。键离解能计算结果表明,紫丁香酚中CH3-O键的键离解能最小,各种键离解能的大小顺序为CH3-O < O-H < CH3O-Caromatic < CH2-H < HO-Caromatic < Caromatic-H。在反应路径(1)中,主要热解产物是3-甲氧基邻苯二酚,其形成反应的总能垒为366.6 kJ/mol;在反应路径(2)中主要热解产物是2-甲氧基-6-甲基苯酚,其形成反应的总能垒为474.8 kJ/mol;在反应路径(3)中形成邻甲氧基苯酚的总能垒很低,为21.4 kJ/mol,这表明,在连接甲氧基的碳原子上加氢后能够有效地降低木质素芳环模化物紫丁香酚去甲氧基反应的反应能垒。  相似文献   

6.
使用B3LYP和MP2方法研究了17个由甘氨酸多肽构成的具有反平行结构和平行结构的肛折叠二聚体.估算了在反平行结构中存在的H…H,O…O二级静电排斥作用的大小.并以LR,SR,MR为结构单元探讨了肽链长度的增加对体系的结合能的影响.结果表明在反平行的肛折叠二聚体中,由于二级静电作用的影响,随着肽链长度的增加,体系的结合能是以折线形式增强的,而在平行结构中,体系的结合能随着肽链长度的增加呈线性增强关系.  相似文献   

7.
使用B3LYP和MP2方法研究了17个由甘氨酸多肽构成的具有反平行结构和平行结构的β-折叠二聚体.估算了在反平行结构中存在的H···H,O···O二级静电排斥作用的大小.并以LR,SR,MR为结构单元探讨了肽链长度的增加对体系的结合能的影响.结果表明在反平行的β-折叠二聚体中,由于二级静电作用的影响,随着肽链长度的增加,体系的结合能是以折线形式增强的,而在平行结构中,体系的结合能随着肽链长度的增加呈线性增强关系.  相似文献   

8.
Density functional theory (DFT) of quantum chemistry method was employed to investigate proton transfer reactions of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) monomers and dimers. By studying the potential energy curves of the isomerization, the most possible reaction pathway was found. The total energy of 8-hydroxyquinoline was lower than that of quinolin-8(1H)-one, whereas the order was reversed in dimers. The findings explained the contrary experimental phenomena. The minimum reaction barrier of intramolecular proton transfer was 47.3 kJ/mol while that in dimer was only 25.7 kJ/mol. Hence it is obvious that proton transfer reactions of 8-HQ monomer have a considerable rate but it is easier to proceed for 8-HQ dimer than monomers. It implied that the hydrogen bond played an important role in depressing the activation energy of reaction. The mechanism of the tautomerization was discussed on the basis of theoretical results.  相似文献   

9.
分子间相互作用在生物和材料等科学中发挥着关键作用,研究分子间相互作用的本质意义重大。氢键是分子间相互作用的一种主要形式,在确定分子构象和晶体结构以及生物分子尤其是核酸和蛋白质的结构功能中起着重要作用[1-3]。苯甲酸衍生物广泛存在于生物大分子内,与生物活性离子通过氢键作用等改变生物活性分子的活性功能,研究苯甲酸衍生物分子间氢键相互作用对于了解生物体内的化学现象具有重要意义。研究表明菱角的抗肿瘤作用明显,实验上已经从菱角中成功提取了活性单体化合物:3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸二聚体[4],理论研究标题化合物的氢键结构与氢…  相似文献   

10.
采用密度泛函理论B3P86方法,在6-31G(d,p)基组水平上,对木质素结构中的6种连接方式(β-O-4、α-O-4、4-O-5、β-1、α-1、5-5)的63个木质素模化物的醚键(C-O)和C-C键的键离解能EB进行了理论计算研究。分析了不同取代基对键离解能的影响以及键长与键离解能的相关性。计算结果表明,C-O键的键离解能通常比C-C键的小,在各种醚键中Cα-O键的平均键离解能最小,为182.7 kJ/mol;其次是β-O-4连接中的Cβ-O键,苯环和烷烃基上的取代基对醚键的键离解能有较强的弱化作用,C-O键的键长和键离解能的相关性较差。与C-O键相比,C-C键的键离解能受苯环上取代基的影响很小,而烷烃基上的取代基对C-C键的键离解能有较大的影响,C-C键的键离解能和键长之间存在较强的线性关系,C-C键的键长越长,其键离解能越小。  相似文献   

11.
The self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 1-adamantanethiolate and its derivatives on Au(111) surface were investigated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation indicates that the most stable configuration for absorption is at the face centered cubic (fcc)-bridge site. Canonical ensemble molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to study the structures and energies of the SAMs. The ordered structures of the SAMs were analyzed by means of radial distribution function and the relative stability of the SAMs was compared. It was concluded by the comparison of various contributions to the SAM formation energy that the formation of the SAMs was determined by the intermolecular nonbonding interaction and the chemical bonding interaction of sulfur and gold.  相似文献   

12.
    
Density functional theory (DFT) and Fourth‐order Möller–Plesset (MP4) perturbation theory calculations are performed to examine the possibility of hydrogen storage in V‐capped VC3H3 complex. Stability of bare and H2 molecules adsorbed V‐capped VC3H3 complex is verified using DFT and MP4 method. Thermo‐chemistry calculations are carried out to estimate the Gibbs free corrected averaged H2 adsorption energy which reveals whether H2 adsorption on V‐capped VC3H3 complex is energetically favorable, at different temperatures. We use different exchange and correlation functionals employed in DFT to see their effect on H2 adsorption energy. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations are performed to confirm whether this complex adsorbs H2 molecules at a finite temperature. We elucidate the correlation between H2 adsorption energy obtained from density functional calculations and retaining number of H2 molecules on VC3H3 complex during MDs simulations at various temperatures. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011  相似文献   

13.
黄酮类化合物的密度泛函理论研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在混合密度泛函B3LYP理论下,用6-31G*基函数研究了几种典型黄酮类化合物分子的几何结构、电子结构和分子的静电势,讨论了电子结构和分子活性部位的关系.  相似文献   

14.
二氧化铈纳米粒子(CeO2)n(n=1~5)材料为固态氧化燃料电池中的催化剂,因此了解其不同尺寸结构的性质是非常重要的.在本论文中使用分子动力学(molecular dynamics)模拟结合火焰算法(FIRE algorithm)计算得到二氧化铈的最小能量结构.再应用密度泛函理论方法(density functional theory)对这些结构进一步计算,得到更精确的最低能量结构.  相似文献   

15.
The adsorption and self-assembly of isocyanide derivatives on Au(111) surface were investigated by density functional theory (DFF) and molecular dynamics simulation. The calculation for phenyl isocyanide by DFT was based on cluster and slab models. The self-assembled monolayers of 2-isocyanoazulene and 1,3-diethoxycarbony 1- 2-isocyanoazulene on Au(111) were simulated using Au-C force field parameters developed by us. It was found that the top site was the most preferred position, and the isocyanoazulene and its derivatives could form the ordered face to edge self-assembled monolayer on gold surface indeed, and the molecules stood on the gold surface vertically.  相似文献   

16.
利用密度泛函理论M062X/6-31++G(d,p)方法,对27种具有不同取代基(甲基、羟甲基和甲氧基)的木质素三聚体模型化合物的Cα-O和Cβ-O键均裂解离能进行了理论计算,探究了不同位置取代基对醚键解离能的影响规律。结果表明,当R2或R3位氢原子仅有一个被甲氧基取代时,Cβ-O键解离能变化很小;当R2、R3位氢原子均被甲氧基取代时,Cβ-O键解离能明显降低;且R4、R5位甲氧基能强化R2、R3位甲氧基对Cβ-O键解离能的降低程度,而不受R1位取代基的影响。当R4、R5位氢原子相继被甲氧基取代时,Cα-O键解离能逐渐降低,且R2、R3位甲氧基也能强化R4、R5位甲氧基对Cα-O键解离能的降低程度。当R1位氢原子相继被甲基、羟甲基取代时,Cα-O键解离能逐渐升高,然而R2、R3位甲氧基会弱化R1位甲基、羟甲基对Cα-O键解离能的升高程度;R1位甲基不会影响Cβ-O键解离能,羟甲基却能明显提高Cβ-O键解离能。  相似文献   

17.
    
Geometry and energetics of low energy conformers of sodium dihydrogen triacetate (SDHTA) and its anion are studied using density functional theory (DFT) at the Becke, Lee‐Yang‐Parr hybrid functional (BLYP) and Becke, three‐parameter, Lee‐Yang‐Parr hybrid functional (B3LYP) levels. For both cases, two structures of comparable energy are found, which have different symmetry with respect to the two hydrogen bonds (HBs). DFT‐based Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations are performed for SDHTA, which show that both structures are visited at room temperature conditions. The trajectory analysis further reveals that the two HBs behave anticooperative, that is, on average elongation of one HB is accompanied by a compression of the other one. This is in accord with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experimental studies for a similar counter ion–dihydrogen triacetate complex. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

18.
    
Glucokinase activators are considered as new therapeutic arsenals that bind to the allosteric activator sites of glucokinase enzymes, thereby maximizing its catalytic rate and increasing its affinity to glucose. This study was designed to identify potent glucokinase activators from prenylated flavonoids isolated from medicinal plants using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, density functional theory, and ADMET analysis. Virtual screening was carried out on glucokinase enzymes using 221 naturally occurring prenylated flavonoids, followed by molecular dynamics simulation (100 ns), density functional theory (B3LYP model), and ADMET (admeSar 2 online server) studies. The result obtained from the virtual screening with the glucokinase revealed arcommunol B (−10.1 kcal/mol), kuwanon S (−9.6 kcal/mol), manuifolin H (−9.5 kcal/mol), and kuwanon F (−9.4 kcal/mol) as the top-ranked molecules. Additionally, the molecular dynamics simulation and MM/GBSA calculations showed that the hit molecules were stable at the active site of the glucokinase enzyme. Furthermore, the DFT and ADMET studies revealed the hit molecules as potential glucokinase activators and drug-like candidates. Our findings suggested further evaluation of the top-ranked prenylated flavonoids for their in vitro and in vivo glucokinase activating potentials.  相似文献   

19.
    
Photosynthetic water oxidation is a model for future technologies employing solar energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Natural water oxidation is carried out by a special manganese catalyst, the water-oxidizing complex (WOC), located in photosystem II (PSII) of cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. Hence, there is great interest in the molecular structure as well as structural changes during catalytic activity and assembly/disassembly of the WOC. In particular, the light-driven assembly during photosystem II repair under physiological conditions is poorly understood, and structural information about manganese depleted PSII (apo-PSII) is required as a starting point for improving this understanding. Recently Zhang et al. (eLife 2017;6:e26933) showed that the cavity harboring the WOC in PSII remains largely intact upon manganese-depletion and suggested that deprotonation of hydrogen-bonding pairs enables the charge-compensated insertion of the manganese cations without any major change of the cavity structure. By computational methods we have further investigated the structure of apo-PSII and show how it can be stabilized by protons localized at the terminal carboxylate groups inside the remaining cavity. Ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations suggest that not more than two water molecules fill the void left by manganese depletion.  相似文献   

20.
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