Isolation of proteins from cottonseed meal II. The salt method

Summary On the basis of the results of a study of the amino acid compositions of various protein fractions from cottonseed flour and meal it has been established that the fraction of salt-soluble proteins (globulins) does not change its composition and properties in the processing of cotton seeds. The yield of protein from the industrial meal using the salt-extraction method is 16%.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 626–628, September–October, 1974.     

Solubility of the proteins and phytates of cottonseed meal in the presence of metal ions

The solubility of the proteins and phytates of cotton seeds in the presence of metal ions (Ca²⁺, Fe³⁺, Zn²⁺) at various pH values of the medium has been studied. It has been shown that complete precipitation of the protein by phytin from solution (C_protein)=1.5%), sets in at a mass ratio of phytin to protein of 1:15, pH 1.5.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, FAX (3712) 62 73 48. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 421–424. May–June, 1994.     

Solubility of the proteins and phytates of cottonseed meal in the presence of metal ions

The solubility of the proteins and phytates of cotton seeds in the presence of metal ions (Ca²⁺, Fe³⁺, Zn²⁺) at various pH values of the medium has been studied. It has been shown that complete precipitation of the protein by phytin from solution (C_protein)=1.5%), sets in at a mass ratio of phytin to protein of 1:15, pH 1.5. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, FAX (3712) 62 73 48. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 421–424. May–June, 1994.     

Extraction of cottonseed meal

Summary A method for extracting protein in a weakly acid medium has been developed which ensures, apart from a satisfactory yield and a good-quality main product, the isolation of a valuable medicinal preparation — phytin.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 849–952, November–December, 1977.     

Lipids of cottonseed kernels

The free, bound, and strongly bound lipids of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety 108-F have been studied. It has been shown that the free and bound lipids include 97.3% and 47.6% of neutral lipids, respectively. The polar lipids consist mainly of phospholipids and glycolipids. Two groups of glycolipids — sterol glycosides and glycosylglycerides — have been isolated and their compositions have been determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 435–438, July–August, 1983.     

Extraction of cottonseed oil

Summary It has been shown that oil of the best quality is obtained on its selective extraction by hexane. Subsequent extraction from the meal of gossypol by 70–80% aqueous, and then dry, acetone permits meal to be obtained with a light cream color containing 0.02% of free gossypol. The omission of dry acetone leads to a darkening of the meal.It has been established that it is possible to achieve a reduction in the consumption of solvents on the direct extraction of cottonseed flake by using weak oil and gossypol miscellas.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 170–173, March–April, 1978.     

Evaluation of polyblends of cottonseed protein and polycaprolactone plasticized by cottonseed oil

Recently, there has been an increasing trend toward replacing conventional fossil-based plastics with bioplastics that are eco-friendly and biodegradable. In this work, blends of polycaprolactone (PCL) and cottonseed protein plasticized with cottonseed oil were made and analyzed for their mechanical, adhesive, and thermal properties. The addition of water-washed cottonseed meal (WCSM) to PCL increased the Young’s modulus but decreased the tensile strength and elongation-at-break of PCL. The addition of cottonseed oil to the PCL/WCSM blend kept the tensile strength about the same but enhanced the elongation. The PCL blends with WCSM and cottonseed protein isolate gave about the same mechanical properties, both somewhat better than the PCL/soy protein isolate blend. As plasticizers, cottonseed oil performed slightly better than coconut oil, both better than poly(ethylene glycol). The addition of WCSM and cottonseed oil (up to a PCL:WCSM:plasticizer ratio of 60:40:20) did not change the adhesive performance of PCL on fiberboard. Thus, the combination of PCL/cottonseed protein/cottonseed oil seems to be a viable bioplastic, and one possible application for this material may be in the hot melt adhesive area.     

Isolation of raffinose from cottonseed meal. II. Utilization of production wastes

The course of production has been monitored over the stages of the technological process with the aim of identifying the main losses of raffinose. The fractions were analyzed by a chromato-photometric method. It was established that the main losses of raffinose took place at the stage of purifying the crude extract with gasoline and in crystallization. The composition of the wastes from the production of raffinose has been studied and possible methods for utilizing them have been found.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 418–421, July–August, 1986.     

Isolation of raffinose from cottonseed meal. II. Utilization of production wastes

The course of production has been monitored over the stages of the technological process with the aim of identifying the main losses of raffinose. The fractions were analyzed by a chromato-photometric method. It was established that the main losses of raffinose took place at the stage of purifying the crude extract with gasoline and in crystallization. The composition of the wastes from the production of raffinose has been studied and possible methods for utilizing them have been found.     

Composition of cottonseed soapstock fats

The compositions of cottonseed soapstocks from first-grade and low-grade cotton seeds have been studied by the methods of CC on polyamide and on silica gel, TLC, GLC, ESR, and UV, IR, and mass spectrometry. It has been found that saturated, and also oxygenated, fatty acids, nonpolar acylglycerols, glycolipids, sterols, arylalkanes, gossypol pigments, and ions of metals of variable valence are concentrated in the acid fat of the soapstock from low-grade seeds. The soapstock contains a very small amount of tocopherols and phospholipids, mainly phosphatidylinositols. The combined gossypol pigments of the soapstocks include stabilized gossypol radical ions.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 502–508, July–August, 1988.     

Lipophilic components of cottonseed tar

Purified components of the biologically active substances have been isolated from cottonseed tar by treatment with calcium hydroxide.