海洋湍流信道中因斯-高斯光束及信号传输特性实验研究

因斯-高斯（IG）光束在复杂信道传输中具有较好的抗干扰能力。为此设计并搭建了基于模拟海洋湍流信道的激光通信实验平台,详细研究IG光束在海洋湍流信道下光束信号的传输及通信特性。首先实验对比研究了不同海洋湍流强度条件下,IG光束和高斯光束传输后的光强闪烁指数、质心漂移和探测器接收功率情况;其次通过调制0.5～3 MHz频率的方波信号,进一步研究两种光束传输后调制信号波形失真特性;最后进行IG光束和高斯光束的7.5 Mbit/s通信性能对比实验。实验结果表明：IG光束的闪烁指数、质心漂移、功率抖动均优于高斯光束,且随着海洋湍流强度增加,IG光束闪烁指数和质心漂移改善能力增强,功率抖动改善能力降低。在不同模拟海洋湍流中,相同频率的IG光束调制方波波形失真度整体低于高斯光束。在误码率为3.8?10-3（前向纠错阈值）时,IG光束在不同注水高度信道、不同温度信道和不同盐度信道中的通信性能比高斯光束分别提高了0.8 dB、4 dB和2.5 dB。该实验结果可以为IG光束应用于水下激光通信提供参考。     

利用椭圆高斯光束产生266nm紫外连续激光

本文采用商用532 nm激光器作为基频光源,利用偏硼酸钡(β-BBO)晶体进行外腔倍频,实现了266 nm连续激光的高效输出.文中详细模拟了BBO晶体中的束腰形状对倍频效率的影响,仿真和实验结果均表明椭圆高斯光束可以有效改善走离效应,提高倍频转换效率.通过优化蝶形倍频腔,可以使椭圆高斯光束在腔内共振,当1 W基频光输入时可输出约180 mW的266 nm紫外连续激光,倍频转换效率达到18%.     

高斯光束通过复杂光学系统的变换

使用矩阵光学技巧和方法详细研究了高斯光束通过复杂光学系统的传插问题。将结果推广于:(1)物像空间析射率不相等(n_1≠n_2);(2)光学系统矩阵元为复数或C元素为零的情况。就高斯限模光阑对光束传输的影响作了讨论。经典光学和高斯激光束光学(n_1≠n_2,n_1=n_2)的比较,清楚地说明了它们的区别和联系。     

高斯光束自由电子激光小信号增益分析

由增益的三维公式出发,对高斯光束时的小信号增益进行了分析。对电子束截面远大于光束截面情况给出了解析的增益渐近公式;对电子束截面远小于光束截面的情况。给出了解析的增益近似公式,结果与用计算机模拟所得相符。     

关于氦氖激光器声光调制锁模的实验研究

本实验中,将声光调制锁模器放置在氦氖激光器中的谐振腔里,控制谐振腔中的增益,使声波的频率调制与激光器固有频率间隔一致,从而达既可以到锁模的效果,又可以增加增益,减少能量损耗。通过功率计与示波器检测出激光脉宽、脉冲周、纵模间隔等物理量,与理论值进行比较,判断激光锁模实验的效果。本实验使用的氦氖激光器腔长大于1.55m,是双面全反射腔,可以利用激光锁模技术得到纵模进行比较,从而获得单色性好的超短脉冲激光。     

高斯光束准直倍率的研究及再讨论

基于高斯光束q参数变换理论严格推导出倒置望远系统对高斯光束的准直倍率,结果表明,在不考虑透镜遮挡条件下,倒置望远系统对高斯光束的准直倍率仅与几何压缩比有关,与高斯光束的柬腰半径及物距无关.进一步研究发现,在适当的近似前提下,本文推导结果可与激光原理教材中的相关推导获得统一.对本文算法进行仿真,结果显示,在满足激光原理教...     

圆形高斯镜平凹腔腔内外激光场研究

运用边界元素法把圆形高斯镜平凹腔的自再现模的衍射积分方程转化为有限阶矩阵方程。计算了圆形高斯镜取不同反射率膜斑半径和中心振幅反射率情况下基模的场强分布、相位分布和本征值。研究表明:腔内光场分布半径随反射率膜斑半径的减小而增大,中心振幅反射率不影响光场分布半径;反射率膜斑半径影响远场分布,当其数值较小时,在光束的远场分布主峰周围产生弱衍射环;当高斯镜中心全反射时,远场分布随反射率膜斑半径的变化无明显变化;模式本征值随反射率膜斑半径的增大而增大。     

超短辛格高斯脉冲光束的频谱性质

给出了自由空间中超短辛格高斯脉冲光束在频率域传输的方程．对超短辛格高斯脉冲光束的功率谱进行了研究．结果表明：超短辛格高斯脉冲光束的轴外频谱具有红移、频谱变窄等性质．超短辛格高斯脉冲光束的光谱在衍射角不为零时有红移现象，并且随着衍射角的增加光谱红移也逐渐增大，频谱宽度逐渐变窄．在十倍瑞利距离处的数值模拟结果表明，衍射角等于3°时的频谱宽度仅为衍射角为0°时频谱宽度的四分之一．     

高斯光束匹配的讨论

采用稳定腔的激光器所发出的激光，将以高斯光束的形式在空间传输．我们能够从已知的腔参数，推导出高斯光束的参数，就可以用透镜那样的光学元件来使一个腔的高斯光束同另一腔的高斯光束相匹配本文讨论两共轴高斯光束的匹配问题．     

圆形高斯镜平凹腔腔镜变形时激光模场分析

把圆形高斯镜平凹腔自再现模的衍射积分方程转化为有限阶的矩阵方程,在平面输出镜呈高斯分布的镜面变形时,数值计算了激光场模式的场强、相位分布和模式本征值。结果表明,当变形量较小时,随着变形量的增加,镜面上光场的分布范围增大,也就说明模体积增大,但镜面光场仍保持拉盖尔-高斯光束基模特征,相位由平面慢慢变得凸起,远场分布变化不明显。当变形量较大时,光场分布开始发生畸变。从模式本征值的变化看,在一定的变形范围内,本征值下降不多,说明较小的变形量对激光损耗影响不大,仍能使激光较稳定输出。在圆形高斯镜平凹腔输出镜发生不大的高斯状变形的情况下,仍有维持输出高质量激光束的能力。     

Ince-Gaussian beams

We demonstrate the existence of the Ince-Gaussian beams that constitute the third complete family of exact and orthogonal solutions of the paraxial wave equation. Their transverse structure is described by the Ince polynomials and has an inherent elliptical symmetry. Ince-Gaussian beams constitute the exact and continuous transition modes between Laguerre and Hermite-Gaussian beams. The propagating characteristics are discussed as well.     

Elegant Ince-Gaussian beams

The existence of elegant Ince-Gaussian beams that constitute a third complete family of exact and biorthogonal elegant solutions of the paraxial wave equation is demonstrated. Their transverse structure is described by Ince polynomials with a complex argument. Elegant Ince-Gaussian beams constitute exact and continuous transition modes between elegant Laguerre-Gaussian and elegant Hermite-Gaussian beams. The expansion formulas among the three elegant families are derived.     

Generation of helical Ince-Gaussian beams with a liquid-crystal display

We generate helical Ince-Gaussian (HIG) beams by using complex amplitude and phase masks encoded onto a liquid-crystal display (LCD). These beams display an intensity pattern consisting of elliptic rings, whose number and ellipticity can be controlled, and a phase exhibiting a number of in-line vortices, each with a unitary topological charge. We show experimental results that display the properties of these elliptic dark hollow beams. We introduce a novel interference technique for generating the object and reference beams by using a single LCD and show the vortex interference patterns. We expect that these HIG beams will be useful in optical trapping applications.     

Self-locked He-Ne ring laser

Experimental conditions necessary for self-pulsing to occur in a He-Ne ring laser are reported. These results are compared with predictions that are based upon theoretical models that have been presented in the literature. Good qualitative agreement is found in that theory and experiment both show that self-pulsing will only occur over a range of excitation. Quantitative results differed enough to indicate that additional refinement is needed even though the models have identified many of the important parameters involved.Supported by the US Army Research Office.     

Simple single-frequency He-Ne laser

For a (0.5–0.6)m long He–Ne laser tube, single longitudinal mode 632.8 nm generation is obtained, using a higher gas-mixture pressure and application of an axial magnetic field. An efficient and very simple mode selection is obtained by gas-mixture pressure increase only. A multimode power to single-mode power conversion coefficientk=0.75 is obtained by increasing the tube pressure. A further increase tok=0.85 is possible with optimum magnetic field and gas pressure.     

The effects of induced heat loads on the propagation of Ince-Gaussian beams

Thermal effects are very much influential in high power beam generators. Their impacts on special types of beams such as Helmholtz-Gauss beams have attracted special attentions. This work reports thermal effects on the generation and propagation of Ince-Gaussian beams. The results show considerable beam spot size variations for near fields under various induced heat loads. As Ince-Gaussian beams are directly related to cavity symmetry breaking, the results can greatly help system designers for circumventing these types of symmetry breaks usually encountered in high power lasers.     

He-Ne laser wavelength-shifting interferometry

The use of wavelength-shifting interferometry with a He-Ne laser source is presented. The approach is based on the thermal expansion of the laser cavity during the warm-up time, in conjunction with an unequal path interferometric configuration. The optics principles are reviewed, and a demonstrative measurement is presented. The technique extends the capability of phase-shift acquisition and processing to cases where conventional methods with piezoelectric transducers cannot be used, and particularly to external measurement cavities of large diameter.     

Propagation of Ince-Gaussian beams in uniaxial crystals orthogonal to the optical axis

An analytical propagation expression of an Ince-Gaussian beam in uniaxial crystals orthogonal to the optical axis is derived. The uniaxial crystal considered here has the property of the extraordinary refractive index being larger than the ordinary refractive index. The Ince-Gaussian beam in the transversal direction along the optical axis spreads more rapidly than that in the other transversal direction. With increasing the ratio of the extraordinary refractive index to the ordinary refractive index, the spreading of the Ince-Gaussian beam in the transversal direction along the optical axis increases and the spreading of the Ince-Gaussian beam in the other transversal direction decreases. The effective beam size in the transversal direction along the optical axis is always larger than that in the other transversal direction. When the even and odd modes of Ince-Gaussian beams exist simultaneously, the effective beam size in the direction along the optical axis of the odd Ince-Gaussian beam is smaller than that of the even Ince-Gaussian beam in the corresponding direction, and the effective beam size in the transversal direction orthogonal to the optical axis of the odd Ince-Gaussian beam is larger than that of the even Ince-Gaussian beam in the corresponding direction.     

Airy beams from a microchip laser

It is theoretically shown that an end-pumped microchip laser formed by a thin laser crystal with plane-plane but slightly tilted facets can emit, under appropriate pumping conditions and near a crystal edge, a truncated self-accelerating Airy output beam.