发光金纳米粒子测定曲通X-100及其临界胶束浓度

参照文献方法合成了BSA保护的水溶性发光金纳米粒子, 并考察了此探针在非离子表面活性剂曲通X-100中的发光行为.根据观察到的发光增强效应, 建立了一种简单的测定曲通X-100的方法.考察了发光金纳米粒子的浓度、体系酸度、反应时间及共存物质对测定的影响.在最佳条件下, 发光强度与曲通X-100的浓度分别在0～150 μmol/L和150～600 μmol/L范围内分段成正比关系.两条工作曲线的交点所对应的浓度与曲通X-100的临界胶束浓度十分吻合, 为胶束形成过程提供了直接的指示.作为一种生物相容性探针, 发光金纳米粒子被用于生物学样品中曲通X-100的分析测定, 结果令人满意.     

用荧光共轭聚合物测定曲通X-100及其临界胶束浓度

基于钯催化的偶联反应合成了疏水性荧光共轭聚合物, 聚[2,5-二壬氧基-1,4-苯撑-乙炔撑-9,10-蒽撑][poly (2,5-bisnonyloxy-1,4-phenylene-ethynylene-9,10-anthrylene) (PPEA)], 并研究了此聚合物在不同表面活性剂溶液中的荧光行为. PPEA在水溶液中荧光明显猝灭, 加入非离子表面活性剂曲通X-100时, 荧光逐渐增强, 而其它表面活性剂CTAB, SDS, Tween对PPEA的荧光强度无明显影响. 这可能是由于曲通X-100与PPEA有相似的脂肪碳链, 二者之间的疏水作用减小了聚合物不规则构象所造成的. 实验考察了有机溶剂THF用量、PPEA浓度、体系酸度、反应时间、共存物质对测定的影响. 最佳条件下, 聚合物荧光强度与曲通X-100的浓度分别在0～200和200～700 μmol/L范围内分段成线性关系, 且两段工作曲线的交点所对应的曲通X-100浓度与其临界胶束浓度(CMC)一致. 据此, 我们建立了一种基于荧光共轭聚合物的荧光方法. 该法允许在其它表面活性剂存在时选择性测定曲通X-100浓度, 也可方便地指示其CMC值.     

碳钢及低合金钢中微量锡的测定

本文试验了苯基荧光酮-曲通X-100直接光度法测定碳钢及低合金钢中微量锡的条件,结果表明,在0.25—0.75mol/L硫酸介质中,锡(Ⅳ)离子与苯基荧光酮、曲通X-100形成有色络合物,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.25×10~5;络合物吸光度至少4小时不变;锡量在0—16微克/25毫升范围内符合比尔定律。在拟定条件下,共存离子的允许量(毫克)为:Fe~(3+)(10),     

亲和色谱用无色合成配基对胰蛋白酶纯化功能的研究

考察了一种新型的阳离子无色三嗪化合物、几种阴离子无色三嗪化合物和三嗪染料作为亲和色谱配基对胰蛋白酶的吸附性能。猪胰蛋白酶经阳离子型配基一步纯化,比活达到１１６Ｕ／ｍｇ,纯化２１．６倍,回收率８８％。     

基于双重增敏剂荧光法测定食品包装材料中痕量双酚A

利用β-环糊精和曲通X-100为双重增敏剂,建立了荧光光谱法测定食品包装材料中痕量双酚A的方法。在0.05 mol·L~(-1)磷酸缓冲溶液(p H=4.0)体系中,优化了β-环糊精(5 mmol·L~(-1))和曲通X-100(0.005%)的含量,选定激发波长为283 nm、发射波长为313 nm进行荧光强度测定。结果表明,在2.0~50.0μg·L~(-1)的线性范围内,所得线性方程为F=1.0636C+246.51,相关系数r=0.9993,相对标准偏差为1.40%,检出限为0.042μg·L~(-1)。该方法检测鲜奶奶盒及塑料矿泉水瓶浸泡水样中双酚A的含量,回收率为95.8~101.4%,获得满意结果。     

苯基萤光酮-曲通X-100分光光度法测定单矿物中微量锡

本文采用非离子型表面活性剂曲通X-100对苯基萤光酮法测定锡进行了试验。结果表明:在乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲液中,络合物10分钟内即可完全显色,并至少稳定5小时,其最大吸收波长为510nm;曲通X-100溶液稳定,受温度影响小,代替动物胶作分散剂,提高了灵敏度,表观摩尔吸光系数1.33×10~5,0—6微克锡/25毫升范围符合比尔定律。结合碘化物萃取     

辛巴蓝FEG—A固载的交联聚乙烯醇作为亲和色谱填料

以乙酸丁酯和正庚烷作为致孔剂,乙酸乙烯酯与异氰酸三烯丙基酯进行悬浮共聚、经碱性水解得到大孔交联聚乙烯醇树脂。交联聚乙烯醇与环氧氯丙烷在碱性条件下反应,得到含有环氧基的树脂。含有环氧基的树脂与6-氨基已基-N'-辛巴蓝FEG-A反应,制得固载辛巴蓝FEG-A（一种三嗪染料）的交联聚乙烯醇树脂。将固载辛巴蓝FEG-A的交联聚乙烯醇树脂作为亲和色谱填料,对五种蛋白质（细胞色素c、溶菌酶、牛血清白蛋白、胰岛素和乳酸脱氢酶）进行了色谱分离。     

活性蓝F3GA固载的无孔单分散亲水性交联聚甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯亲和色谱填料的制备与应用

以3.0 μm无孔单分散亲水性交联聚甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯树脂为基质,与三嗪染料活性蓝F3GA(Cibacron Blue F3GA)反应,制备出 一种固定化染料聚合物高效亲和色谱填料。考察了应用该填料时流动相中的盐离子浓度、有机溶剂及流速等对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和 溶菌酶(Lys)保留行为的影响。实验结果表明,该染料亲和填料具有良好的色谱性能。利用前沿色谱法测定了染料与溶菌酶之间的表观 解离常数为5.26×10-5 mol/L。使用该填料成功地从鸡蛋清和小牛血清中分别分离纯化了Lys和BSA,十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶 电泳(SDS-PAGE)分析显示Lys和BSA的纯度分别为95%和92%。     

增溶光度法测定金

自从硫代米蚩酮(TMK)应用于测定金以来,已有许多文章论证了这一方法的可靠性并进行了一些改进,但大都使用有机溶剂萃取比色。近年来有文章建议在含有大量乙醇的介质中进行比色,以增加硫代米蚩酮与金絡合物的可溶性。我们根据表面活性剂的一些特性,设想将表面活性剂应用于金与硫代米蚩酮的显色体系中。选择了曲通X-100(即TritonX-100)、溴代十六烷基吡啶和溴代十六烷基三甲基铵进行试验,发现曲通X-100应用于金与硫代米蚩酮显色体系效果较好。据此进行了条件试验并根据试验得到的最佳条件,     

辛巴蓝F3G-A固载的交联聚乙烯醇作为亲和色谱填料

以乙酸丁酯和正庚烷作为致孔剂,乙酸乙烯酯与异氰酸三烯丙基酯进行悬浮共聚、经碱性水解得到大孔交联聚乙烯醇树脂。交联聚乙烯醇与环氧氯丙烷在碱性条件下反应,得到含有环氧基的树脂。含有环氧基的树脂与6-氨基己基-N'-辛巴蓝F3G-A反应,制得固载辛巴蓝F3G-A (一种三嗪染料) 的交联聚乙烯醇树脂。将固载辛巴蓝F3G-A的交联聚乙烯醇树脂作为亲和色谱填料,对五种蛋白质 (细胞色素c、溶菌酶、牛血清白蛋白、胰岛素和乳酸脱氢酶) 进行了色谱分离。     

Efficient high-performance liquid chromatographic system for protein purification

An efficient high-performance liquid chromatographic system, consisting of an affinity column and a high-performance size-exclusion column, was developed and applied to the purification of growth hormone receptors from rabbit livers. When a 6-ml sample of Triton X-100 extracts containing 16 mg of protein was applied to the system, 1200-fold purified receptor with a 10% recovery of binding activity from homogenates was obtained within 3-4 h. The purified receptor exhibited one main band on sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the affinity constant (Ka = 6.0.10(9) M-1) was found to be comparable with that of 1% Triton X-100 extract (4.4.10(9) M-1). The injection of 1 ml of 3 M urea solution prior to receptor elution with 10 ml of 6 M urea solution was effective in removing non-specific binding proteins.     

Partitioning behavior of silica in the Triton X-100/dextran/water aqueous biphasic system

The partitioning behavior of silica particles was investigated in the Triton X-100/dextran/water system. It was found that both electrostatic effects and interactions between phase-component species and the solid surface played important roles in determining the distribution of solids. Silica partition was highly pH-dependent, which was interpreted in terms of the pH dependence of the Triton X-100/SiO(2) interaction and the weak acidity of dextran. The presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) moved the particles from the top surfactant-rich phase to the interface and the bottom phase, while dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) had the opposite effect. These trends are attributable to the electrostatic interaction between the charged mixed micelles in the top phase and the particles and to the fact that the ionic surfactants modified the adsorption density of the nonionic surfactant on silica.     

Determination of trace glucose and forecast of human diseases by affinity adsorption solid substrate room temperature phosphorimetry based on Triticum valgaris lectin labeled with 4.0-generation dendrimers

A new phosphorescence labeling reagent Triton-100X-4.0G-D (4.0G-D refers to 4.0-generation dendrimers) was found. Quantitative specific affinity adsorption (AA) reaction between Triton-100X-4.0G-D-WGA and glucose (G) was carried out on the surface of nitrocellulose membrane (NCM), and the DeltaI(p) of the product of AA reaction was linear correlation to the content of G. Based on the facts above, a new method for the determination of trace G was established by WGA labeled with Triton-100X-4.0G-D affinity adsorption solid substrate room temperature phosphorimetry (Triton-100X-4.0G-D-WGA-AA-SS-RTP). This research showed that AA-SS-RTP for either direct method or sandwich method could combine very well the characteristics of both the high sensitivity of SS-RTP and the specificity of the AA reaction. Detection limits (LD) were 0.24 fg spot(-1) for direct method and 0.18 fg spot(-1) for sandwich method, indicating both of them were of high sensitivity. The method has been applied to the determination of the content of G in human serum, and the results were coincided with those obtained by glucose oxidize enzyme method. It can also be applied to forecast accurately some human diseases, such as primary hepatic carcinoma, cirrhosis, acute and chronic hepatitis, transfer hepatocellular, etc. Meanwhile, the mechanism for the determination of G with AA-SS-RTP was discussed.     

Electrochemiluminescence of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) immobilized in poly(p-styrenesulfonate)-silica-Triton X-100 composite thin-films

The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) [Ru(bpy)3(2+)] immobilized in poly(p-styrenesulfonate) (PSS)-silica-Triton X-100 composite films was investigated. The cooperative action of PSS, sol-gel and Triton X-100 attached Ru(bpy)3(2+) to the electrode strongly, and the presence of Triton X-100 prevented drying fractures of the sol-gel films during gelation and even on repeated wet-dry cycles. The modified electrode was used for the ECL detection of oxalate, tripropylamine (TPA) and NADH in a flow injection analysis (FIA) system with a newly designed flow cell. The detection scheme exhibited good stability, short response time and high sensitivity. Detection limits were 0.1, 0.1 and 0.5 micromol L(-1) for oxalate. TPA and NADH, respectively, and the linear concentration range extended from 0.001 to 1 mmol L(-1) for the three analytes. Applications of the flow cell in ECL and electrochemical detection, as well as the immobilization of reagents based on the cooperative action, are suggested.     

非离子表面活性剂层状液晶的结构与增溶作用

相行为研究表明，与ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００／Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿６／Ｈ＿２Ｏ体系相比，ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００／Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ／Ｈ＿２Ｏ体系更易于生成层状液晶，并更为稳定，小角Ｘ－射线衍射表明；ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００／Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ／Ｈ＿２Ｏ体系层状液晶中，Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ与ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００交替排列于两亲双层中，Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ／ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００重量比增加，两亲双层厚度ｄ＿０值不变。以Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿６代替Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ后，Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿６存在于两亲双层的油层和渗入ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００分子链尾周围，使得溶剂渗透率减少，并且Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿６／ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００增加，ｄ＿０值增加。     

Effect of macromolecules and Triton X-100 on the triplet of aggregated chlorophyll in aqueous solution

Chlorophyll a (Chla) in aqueous solution (2-6% acetone) is present as mono- and dihydrated aggregated forms which are characterized by specific ground state absorption spectra. The amount of dihydrated form is larger in the presence of macromolecules, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozime and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), increasing from BSA to lysozime and PVA. Chla in aqueous acetone with and without macromolecules is characterized by low fluorescence and the absence of triplet-triplet (T-T) absorption. The ratio of dihydrated to monohydrated forms is significantly influenced by triton X-100. For lower triton X-100 concentrations, i.e. smaller than the critical micelle concentration of 0.26 mM (cmc), dihydrated forms are converted into monohydrated in both aqueous acetone and the presence of BSA or lysozime. In the presence of PVA dihydrated forms appeared to be resistant to triton X-100 action. Moreover, for triton X-100 concentrations of 2-3 times higher than cmc the amount of these forms is increased with time. T-T absorption of both mono- and dihydrated Chla aggregates was not detected in the presence of [triton X-100] < cmc. The lack of T-T absorption in aqueous acetone solution as well as in the presence of macromolecules implies that the triplet lifetime of the chlorophyll aggregates is short (tauT<10 ns) and/or the quantum yield of intersystem crossing is small (<5 x 10(-3)). The Chla monomers start to be formed as solubilized in the micelle for [triton X-100] larger than cmc, showing substantial fluorescence and T-T absorption.     

Effects of nonionic,cationic, and anionic micelles on the kinetics of the complexation reaction of nickel (II) with pyridine-2-azo-p-dimethylaniline

The stopped-flow technique has been used to study the effect of cationic (CTAN), nonionic (Triton X-100), andanionic (SDS) micelles on the rate of the reaction between nickel(II) ion and the ligand pyridine-2-azo-p-dimethylaniline (PADA) at 20.0°C and ionic strength 0.03 mol dm^?3. The complex formation reaction is markedly inhibited by both CTAN and Triton X-100 micelles. The kinetic dataare found to conform to a reaction mechanism which implies only partitioning of the ligand between water and the micellar phase, the estimated bindingconstant of PADA being significantly larger in the presence of CTAN aggregates. Anionic micelles strongly speed the complexation reaction, Which occurs in the micellar phase with the same rate and the same mechanism as in water. The extent of binding of PADA to anionic micelles is similar to that found for the cationic micellar aggregates.     

Protein separation with surfactant-coated polystyrene involving Cibacron Blue 3GA-conjugated triton X-100

Through mixing of porous polystyrene particles (Amberlite XAD-4), non-ionic surfactants, and surfactant-conjugated substrates (affinity ligand) in an aqueous solution led to the formation of a novel medium (affinity admicelle) for protein separation. The ligand (CB-Triton) was synthesized by mixing a triazine dye (Cibacron Blue 3GA (CB)) and a polyoxyethylene-type non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100) in weakly alkaline solutions. Triton X-100 and CB-Triton were competitively sorbed onto XAD-4. Albumin (bovine serum), alcohol dehydrogenase (yeast), and lysozyme (chicken egg) having specific interaction to CB were collected onto the affinity admicelle. On the other hand, the collection of ovalubmin (chicken egg white), having no binding ability to CB, was negligibly small. Lysozyme in 100 microl of chicken egg white, diluted with 900 microl of 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), was successfully collected on 18 mg of CB-Triton admicelles and, then, it was eluted with 1 ml of aqueous solution of 100 mM phosphate (pH 7.4). The recovery based on the activity for the lysis of micrococcus and the concentration factor were 60% and 40 (n = 3), respectively.     

稀土混合共发光效应的研究——(铽-钆-钇)-铕-噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮-氯化甲基三烷基铵-Triton X-100荧光体系

本文研究了铽(Tb)、钇(Y)、钆(Gd)及它们的混合物对铕(Eu)-噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮(TTA)-氯化甲基三烷基铵(N_(263))-Triton X-100体系的共发光效应,发现稀土离子混合物的共发光效应具有线性加和性,用混合共发光体系不仅能保持单个稀土离子的共发光体系的增敏性,而且抗干扰能力增强,并经过实际样品分析的验证,结果令人满意。