流动注射在线离子交换预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中微量锰

提出了以732强酸型阳离子树脂作填充材料,流动注射在线离子交换预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中微量锰的分析方法。优化了各项化学条件和流路参数等,考察了共存离子的干扰。富集倍数可达24倍,分析速度为15～20样/h,检出限为2.0ng/mL,相对标准偏差为2.8%(n=15)。对雨水加标回收,回收率为97%～103%。     

流动注射在线分离富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水中镍(Ⅱ)

应用D412螯合树脂作为富集柱填充物,将在线分离富集装置与火焰原子吸收光谱法联用测定水中镍(Ⅱ)的含量。优化的试验条件如下:1富集柱采用干法填充;2吸附介质的p H为6;3进样速率为5 m L·min-1;4 3 mol·L-1硝酸溶液(洗脱剂)用量为2.5 m L;5洗脱速率为7.5 m L·min-1。镍的质量浓度在50μg·L-1以内与其吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3s)为0.35μg·L-1。方法用于自来水和河水样品的分析,加标回收率在96.0%~101%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在2.5%~3.1%之间。     

流动注射-在线富集火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定痕量铅

本文报道在流动注射分析体系中用装有黄原脂棉的微型柱对溶液中Pb2 进行在线富集后,用3.0 mol/L盐酸洗脱柱上富集的Pb2 ,然后采用火焰原子吸收光谱法在线测定痕量Pb2 ,方法的线性范围为0.5～100μg/L。与未富集前相比,测定的灵敏度可提高65倍。方法用于环境水样中痕量Pb2 的测定,回收率在97.0%～102%之间,相对标准偏差小于4.0%,分析结果满意。     

流动注射进样-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定钴镍基体中钙

提出了火焰原子吸收光谱法直接测定钴镍基体中钙的方法,用流动注射微量进样系统有效降低了大量基体元素对测定的影响,并用邻菲啰啉乙醇溶液和镧释放剂消除大量钴镍基体及硫酸根对其测定的干扰。对释放剂浓度、采样时间、干扰情况及其消除进行了研究。线性回归方程为A=0.000 9+0.024 1C(mg.L-1),相关系数为0.999 9。方法检出限(3σ)为0.09 mg.L-1,RSD为1.1%,样品加标回收率为95%~105%。     

流动注射在线分离富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定钯

将聚氯乙烯-丁二酮肟复膜树脂作为固定相填充到自制的微型柱中,将流动注射在线分离富集与火焰原子吸收光度法联用,组成同时富集、顺序反向洗脱的环内双柱复线流路及检测系统,对废催化剂中微量钯进行测定.废催化剂样品经盐酸(5+95)溶液溶解后,过滤所得残渣溶于王水中.分析时将pH 2的试液以7.5 mL·min-1速率采样90 s,用乙二胺-20 g·L-1氢氧化钠(1+9)混合溶液作为洗脱液,从柱上将钯(Ⅱ)洗脱并引入原子吸收光谱仪的雾化器中进行测定,线性范围为1.25 mg·L-1以内,检出限(3S/N)为15μg·L-1,应用此方法分析了地质标样及铂矿样等已知样品,测得结果与标准值或已知值相符,其相对标准偏差(n=7)均小于2.5%.     

流动注射在线萃取—火焰原子吸收光谱法测定钢样中痕量钴和镍

提出了一种流动注射成线萃取－火焰原子吸收光谱法测定钢样中痕量钴和镍的分析方法，研究了在线萃取流程中各项最佳参数，检出限钴为０．０１０μｇ．ｍｌ＾－１镍为０．０２１μｇ．ｍｌ＾－１，分析速度为２０～３０次．ｈ＾－１。经钢标准样品分析验证结果可靠。     

流动注射在线置换吸附预富集-火焰原子吸收联用技术测定痕量铅

研究了流动注射在线置换吸附预富集-火焰原子吸收(FAAS)联用技术测定复杂样品中痕量铅的方法。首先使ZnⅡ与二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(DDTC)在线配合形成Zn-DDTC并预先吸附在香烟过滤嘴填充柱上,然后使含PbⅡ的标准溶液或样品溶液流经填充柱与Zn-DDTC发生置换反应而被填充柱富集。被吸附的分析物用乙醇定量洗脱至FAAS进行在线检测。此在线置换吸附预富集过程有效地消除了与DDTC的配合物稳定性较Zn-DDTC弱的共存金属离子的干扰。在样品流速为5.0mL/min和置换吸附预富集90s的条件下,得到铅的吸收信号的增感因子为33,检出限为2.0μg/L。浓度为100μg/L的铅标准溶液11次平行测定的精密度(RSD)为1.2%。本方法已应用于生物样品的分析。     

流动注射在线螯合树脂预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铜

研究了以国产D412螫合树脂作柱材料的流动注射在线微柱预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铜的方法。选择了最佳的富集条件,在富集时间60s时,富集46倍,检出限为0.4ng·ml-1,(3σ),RSD为1.6％(20ng·ml-1Cu,n=11),分析速度为30次·h-1。井用此法进行水中痕量铜的测定。     

流动注射-导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定植物油中的镍、锰、铬和铅

提出了流动注射－导数火焰原子吸收光谱测定植物油中微量镍、锰、铬和铅的新方法，流动注射进样技术克服了常规火焰原子吸收法耗样量大和基体干扰严重的缺点，导数技术应用于火焰原子吸收可提高方法的灵敏度和信号的选择性，流动注射与导数技术相结合应用于火焰原子吸收成功地测定了常规火焰原子吸收法和流动注射－火焰原子吸收法难以测定的植物油中微量镍、锰、铬和铅。镍、锰、铬和铅的特征浓度（μg/mL)，分别为0.0054、0.0034、0.0067、0.025，相对标准偏差在0.3%-2.8%的范围内。     

流动注射在线微柱预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铂

研究了流动注射在线微柱分离 预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铂的新体系。以α 氨基吡啶树脂作预富集试剂 ,以 2mol·L-1HCl + 0 .3mol·L-1NaClO4 混合液作洗脱剂。当进样体积为 15 .2ml,洗脱液体积为 0 .2 7ml时 ,浓集效率达 30倍 ,采样频率 2 8次·h-1。该方法检出限 (3σ)5 .2 μg·L-1,RSD为 1.4 % (n =11,1μg·ml-1铂 )     

Determination of trace metals in urine with an on-line ultrasound-assisted digestion system combined with a flow-injection preconcentration manifold coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry

A flow analysis method with on-line sample digestion/minicolumn preconcentration/flame atomic absorption spectrometry is described for the determination of trace metals in urine. First, urine sample was on-line ultrasound-assisted digested exploiting the stopped-flow mode, and then the metals were preconcentrated passing the pre-treated sample through a minicolumn containing a chelating resin. A home-made minicolumn of commercially available imminodiacetic functional group resin, Chelite Che was used to preconcentrate trace metals (Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni) from urine. The proposed procedure allowed the determination of the metals with detection limits of 0.5, 1.1, 0.8 and 0.8 μg L⁻¹, for Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni, respectively. The precision based on replicate analysis was less than ±10.0%, and the enrichment factor obtained was between 21.3 (Mn) and 44.1 (Ni), for sample volumes between 2.5 and 5.0 mL, and an eluent volume of 110 μL. This procedure was applied for determination of metals in urine of workers exposed to welding fumes and urine of unexposed persons (urine control).     

微乳液增敏火焰原子吸收法测定饲料中微量镍和钴

研究了在空气-乙炔火焰中，阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠（SDS）-正丁醇-正庚烷-水四组分构成的微乳液对镍钴的增敏作用。结果表明，在仪器最佳工作条件和合适酸度下，含水70％微乳液使火焰原子吸收法测镍钴的吸光度分别增敏61．1％、23．3％，使测定的灵敏度有较大的提高，用于饲料中镍钴的测定，回收率为96．4％～105．2％，相对标准偏差RSD为2.8％～5．6％，结果满意。     

流动注射在线共沉淀HG-AFS测定痕量铅

建立了流动注射在线共沉淀HG-AFS测定痕量铅的分析方法。方法基于铅在碱性介质中与氢氧化镁共沉淀，沉淀收集在锥形沉淀腔中，用HCl溶洗沉淀和NaBH4反应，产生的氢化物被载气引入原子化器中进行测定。测定铅的RSD为3％(5ng/mL，n=10)，检出限为0．01ng。检出限较直接进样降低了11倍。对国家标准物质中铅的测定结果与标准值相符。     

在线还原富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境水样中Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的形态

采用单阀双阳离子交换树脂微柱并联，设计了双路采样逆向洗脱在线分离富集系统，该系统与原子吸收测量技术相结合，实现了在线分离富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法同时测定水中Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)，富集1min时，分析速度为60样/h，测定Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的特征浓度分别为6．08μg/L和11．58μg/L(相当于1％吸收)，线性范围分别为0～1．0μg/mL和0～2．0μg/mL，对质量浓度为100μg/L的Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)测定的相对标准偏差分别为2．9％和3．0％、检出限分别为8．70和10．8μg/L。该法对实际水样加标回收率在94．5％～104．3％之间。     

On-line flow injection solvent extraction for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry: Determination of nickel in biological samples

A flow injection (FI) on-line solvent extraction system for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) was developed with nickel as a model trace element. The nickel pyrrolidine-dithiocarbamate chelate was extracted on line into isobutyl methyl ketone, which was delivered into the FI system by a peristaltic pump equipped with poly(tetrafluoroethylene) tubing. The organic phase was separated from the aqueous phase by a novel gravity phase separator with a small conical cavity, and stored in a collector tube, from which 50 μl organic concentrate was introduced into the graphite tube by an air flow. ETAAS determination of the analyte was performed in parallel with the extraction process. An enrichment factor of 25 was obtained in comparison with 50 μl direct introduction while achieving a detection limit of 4 ng l⁻¹ (3σ), and a precision of 1.5% relative standard deviation for 1.0 μg l⁻¹ nickel (n = 11). The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of nickel in body fluids and other biological samples.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铜冶炼渣中镍

通过对铜冶炼渣化学组成和性质的研究,确定了测定镍的实验方法。铜冶炼渣中二氧化硅含量在20%~40%,硫含量10%~20%,样品的分解具有一定的难度,必然影响镍的测定结果,因此需在样品分解过程中加入一定量的氟化氢铵、溴使二氧化硅生成四氟化硅、硫生成硫化氢挥发除去,溶液中其余共存元素主要有铜、银、铁、锌等元素不干扰测定结果,在硝酸(5%)介质中,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定镍的含量,测定范围为0.01%~1%,加标回收率在99.5%~100.4%,测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=7)在0.61%~1.18%,检出限为0.004μg/mL,方法快速,简捷,能够满足日常生产检测需要。     

Dithizone immobilized silica gel on-line preconcentration of trace copper with detection by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

A novel adsorbent-silica gel bound dithizone (H₂Dz-SG) was prepared and used as solid-phase extraction of copper from complex matrix. The H₂Dz-SG is investigated by means of FT-IR spectra and the SEM images, demonstrating the bonding of dithizone. The H₂Dz-SG quantitatively adsorb copper ions, and the retained copper is afterwards collected by elution of 10% (v/v) nitric acid. An on-line flow injection solid-phase extraction procedure was developed for trace copper separation and preconcentration with detection by flame atomic spectrometry. By loading 5.4 mL of sample solution, a liner range of 0.5-120 μg L⁻¹, an enrichment factor of 42.6, a detection limit of 0.2 μg L⁻¹ and a precision of 1.7% RSD at the 40 μg L⁻¹ level (n = 11) were obtained, along with a sampling frequency of 47 h⁻¹. The dynamic sorption capacity of H₂Dz-SG to Cu²⁺ was 0.76 mg g⁻¹. The accuracy of the proposed procedure was evaluated by determination of copper in reference water sample. The potential applications of the procedure for extraction of trace copper were successfully accomplished in water samples (tap, rain, snow, sea and river). The spiking recoveries within 91-107% are achieved.     

Determination of nickel in water by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with preconcentration on a tungsten foil

A preconcentration method for nickel in waters involving adsorption on tungsten foil, followed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) with a tungsten tube atomizer is described. The most suitable pH for nickel adsorption was 5 and the optimum immersion time was 2 min. Severe interferences from co-existing elements (Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Pb and Zn) on the Ni AA signal were observed. Under optimal conditions, the preconcentration of nickel on W foil could eliminate interferences from these elements. The detection limit of nickel by preconcentration-ETAAS was 0.1 ng/ml (3S/N). The method with preconcentration on tungsten foil was applied to the determination of nickel in river water. The recovery of spiked nickel was 93–102%. The tungsten foil preconcentration method is sensitive, simple, and convenient. This adsorption method can be utilized inin situ-sampling of ultra-trace nickel in environmental samples (water). Furthermore, after sampling it is easy to carry and store the W-foil without contamination for long time.     

火焰原子吸收法测定白英中的微量元素

为分析白英药效与微量元素的关系,样品经微波消解,采用火焰原子吸收法测定了白英中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Mg、Ca的含量。结果表明,该法快速、简便、准确,6种元素的回收率为98．00％～103．60％,RSD为0．326％-1．216％。白英中Ca、Fe元素含量较高。     

Determination of nickel in biological samples by ETA-AAS and ICP-AES after acidic dissolution (with microwave heating and preconcentration by liquid-liquid extraction)

The determination of nickel by ETA-AAS and ICP-AES in biological samples with prior extraction into methyl isobutyl ketone with 1,5-bis(di-2-pyridylmethylene) thiocarbonohydrazide as extracting reagent is described. Microwave dissolution in closed teflon vessels has been used for the dissolution of biological materials. At least three samples can be decomposed simultaneously with a preset heating programme. Results of analyses of some certified biological reference materials are given.