一种四元共聚物磷酸盐粘土稳定剂的合成与性能研究

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)、(1-二甲氨基)-烯丙基磷酸(DMAAPA)和N-烯丙基油酰胺(CON)为原料,制备了一种水溶性磷酸盐共聚物AM/AA/DMAAPA/CON。确定了最佳合成条件:AM:AA:DMAAPA:CON=69.6:30.0:0.2:0.2(wt%)、pH=7、引发剂加量为0.2 wt%、单体浓度20 wt%、聚合反应温度40℃。对共聚物进行了IR和NMR表征。该聚合物表现出较好的增粘性、抗剪切、耐温和耐盐性能;0.8 wt%的共聚物溶液防膨率达到80.12%,与1.0 wt%的KCl复配后,防膨率达到96.54%。     

水溶性AM/AA/AOCA/DANA四元共聚物驱油剂的合成及性能研究

以丙烯酰胺(AM),丙烯酸(AA),N,N-二烯丙基-3-吡啶甲酰胺(DANA)和N-烯丙基辛酰胺(AOCA)为单体,采用过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠((NH_4)_2S_2O_8-NaHSO_3)氧化还原引发体系合成了一种新型水溶性四元共聚物AM/AA/AOCA/DANA。确定了最佳反应条件:m(AM)/m(AA)=6:4、DANA=0.16 wt%,AOCA=0.15wt%、pH值7、引发剂0.3 wt%、单体浓度20 wt%、聚合温度50℃。通过红外、核磁氢谱、环境扫描电镜以及特性粘数对AM/AA/AOCA/DANA进行了结构表征。该聚合物较部分水解聚丙烯酰胺相比具有明显的抗温(100℃,粘度保留率:31.55%)抗剪切(1000 s~(-1),粘度保留率:32.31%)以及抗盐性能(11000 mg·L~(-1)NaCl,粘度保留率:41.77%;1500 mg·L~(-1)MgCl_2,粘度保留率:39.83%;1500 mg·L~(-1)CaCl_2,粘度保留率:34.81%;);驱油实验表明该聚合物较水驱相比能够提高原油采收率达12.04%。     

丙烯酰胺四元共聚磺酸盐的合成及性能研究

由丙烯酰胺、马来酸酐、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和烯丙基磺酸钠在过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠氧化还原引发体系下合成了一种新型的AM/MA/NVP/SAS四元共聚物。确立了最佳反应条件:n(AM)/(MA)=6:2(mol)引发剂用量0.5 wt%,反应温度45℃,反应时间为5 h,pH为8;并通过红外光谱分析确认了AM/MA/NVP/SAS四元共聚物结构。当NaCl,CaCl2浓度分别在10000 mg/L,3000 mg/L时,AM/MA/NVP/SAS四元共聚物的表观粘度可保持在20 mPa.s左右,而粘度保留率约为30%。     

AM/AA/NAPA/NMQS两性离子共聚物的合成及表征

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)、N-烯丙基苯乙酰胺(NAPA)及N-甲基-N-烯丙基吗啉溴盐(NMQS)为原料,氧化还原体系下合成了一种水溶性两性离子共聚物AM/AA/NAPA/NMQS。最佳反应条件为:m(AM):m(AA)=4.0:6.0,NAPA 0.3 wt%,NMQS 0.15 wt%,引发剂0.1 wt%,pH=6,反应温度35℃,单体总浓度25wt%。对AM/AA/NAPA/NMQS四元共聚物进行了IR、1H NMR、SEM、特性粘数表征。当NaCl浓度为12000mg·L-1,CaCl2或MgCl2浓度为1200 mg·L-1时,溶液黏度保留率分别为13.7%、11.8%和12.7%;温度120℃时,溶液黏度保留率达到30.9%;当剪切速率在170 s-1时,溶液黏度保留率为24.6%。     

DSC研究高吸水树脂吸水性能与分子结构的关系

以丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为共聚单体合成了聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺-2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(PAA-AM-AMPS)三元共聚物高吸水树脂.利用茶叶袋法测定了其最大吸水倍率,通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测定并比较了含水量为50%,75%和91%的各种水凝胶的自由水和结合水含量.结果表明在蒸馏水和生理盐水中高吸水树脂的最大吸水倍率分别为1900g/g和185g/g,共聚物的结合水含量随着AMPS和AA含量增加及AM含量的减少而增大;在0.9%生理盐水中,结合水含量随着AMPS和AM含量增加及AA含量的减少而增大,共聚物和均聚物高吸水树脂的最大吸水倍率呈现出与结合水含量相同的变化规律.     

超高分子量高阳离子度AM-DMC-DAC三元共聚物的合成及其絮凝性能

在较高阳离子含量下,合成了丙烯酰胺(AM)-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)-丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)三元共聚物.考察了引发剂浓度、单体浓度、反应体系pH及链转移剂对聚合反应产物黏度的影响.结果表明:该三元共聚物的特性黏度可以达到36 dL/g,溶解性能良好,阳离子度高,絮凝性能优良.     

部分水解法制备高分子量水溶性(丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸/2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸)三元共聚物

系列的高分子量水溶性丙烯酰胺 /丙烯酸 /2 丙烯酰胺 2 甲基丙磺酸 (AM/AA/AMPS)三元共聚物(P3A)由相应的 (AM/AMPS)二元共聚物通过部分水解方法制得 .聚合物的结构和组成使用电位滴定和13 C NMR谱测定 ,得到的结果指出 ,在设定的试验条件下 ,水解过程中 ,高分子链上AMPS单元具有充分的稳定性 ,而丙烯酰胺基平稳地转变为丙烯酸 .在所有不同聚合物 (P2A)情况下 ,由于阴离子基团和OH-离子的静电相斥作用 ,酰胺基的水解反应均遵循自动减缓动力学的模式 ,同时 ,最后反应转化率趋向极限 ,AM剩余值位于 3 0mol%左右 ,另外对各种三元共聚物 (P3A)的溶液特性粘数和组成的关系亦作了详细的研究 .     

AM/AA/APEG/NANB共聚物的合成与性能研究

通过丙烯酰胺(AM),丙烯酸(AA),烯丙醇聚氧乙烯醚(APEG)和N,N-二烯丙基苄胺(NANB)制备共聚物P(AM/AA/APEG/NANB)。确定了最佳反应条件:m(AM)∶m(AA)=6.5∶3,APEG为5 wt%,NANB加量0.2 wt%,pH为7,反应温度40℃,引发剂0.4 wt%。通过IR和1H NMR确定了聚合物的分子结构,并对其进行性能测试。结果表明:2000 mg·L-1的AM/AA/APEG/NANB溶液具有较好的流变性能(120℃,粘度保留率:38.56%;1000 s-1,粘度保留率:17.93%)和抗盐性能(20 000 mg·L-1Na Cl,2000 mg·L-1Mg Cl2或Ca Cl2,粘度保留率分别为22.14%、18.34%和15.33%),且提高采收率可达16.12%。     

水溶性驱油剂AM/AA/NVP/EDMA的合成及性能

由乙二胺和马来酸酐制备了新型树枝状功能单体(EDMA),在此基础上由丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)和EDMA合成了新型树枝状水溶性四元共聚物AM/AA/NVP/EDMA。通过红外光谱及核磁共振氢谱对AM/AA/NVP/EDMA四元共聚物进行了表征。探讨了共聚物的粘浓关系和耐温、抗剪切性能和提高采收率能力。结果表明,在相同质量浓度下共聚物的增粘效应远大于HPAM;在90℃的高温条件下,5000mg·L-1的共聚物溶液的粘度为881.0 mPa·s;经过500s-1的高剪切速率剪切2min后溶液粘度为807.0mPa·s;岩心驱替实验表明在70℃下,注入0.3PV 1500 mg·L-1共聚物溶液后转注水至含水率为98%,提高采收率为17.7%。     

新型高吸水聚合物凝胶型屏蔽暂堵剂MTC-1的合成及性能

以丙烯酸（AA）、丙烯酰胺（AM）、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）为原料，蒙脱土（MMT）为改性剂，过硫酸钾和无水亚硫酸氢钠为氧化还原引发体系，六亚甲基四胺（C₆H₁₂N₄）为交联剂，采用水溶液聚合法合成了一种新型高吸水聚合物凝胶型屏蔽暂堵剂（MTC 1），其结构经IR表征。在最优合成条件（AM/AMPS/AA=11/7/1, m/m/m，引发剂加量0.6 wt%，于45 ℃反应2.5 h）下，MTC-1的最大吸水倍率为1006倍。岩心流动实验结果表明：MTC-1的堵水性能较高，封堵效率达到83.72%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.