两亲性嵌段共聚物PGMA-b-PMAPEG的制备及其胶束的布洛芬药物控制释放性能

利用自由基可逆加成-断链链转移(RAFT)活性/可控聚合法成功合成了两亲性嵌段共聚物聚(甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯)-b聚(甲基丙烯酸聚乙二醇酯)(PGMA-b-PMAPEG).利用傅立叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振谱仪、凝胶渗透色谱仪及透射电镜等分析了所合成聚合物的结构、胶束粒径及形貌.以布洛芬作为模型药物负载于聚合物胶束内,考...     

PDMS-b-PEO两亲性嵌段共聚物的合成及溶液性质

通过正丁基锂(n-BuLi)引发的六甲基环三硅氧烷(D3)阴离子开环聚合以及单硅氢封端聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)与烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚(PEO)的硅氢加成反应, 合成得到了一系列分子量分布窄的PDMS-b-PEO两亲性嵌段共聚物. 利用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、氢核磁共振谱(1H-NMR)表征了嵌段共聚物的结构组成. 通过表面张力仪测定得到了不同结构嵌段共聚物的平衡表面张力及临界胶束浓度(cmc). 结果显示, 该系列嵌段共聚物的cmc值不仅受到憎水性嵌段的影响, 同时也受嵌段共聚物的体积效应以及嵌段共聚物的几何形状(即嵌段共聚物各嵌段的比例)的影响, PDMS-b-PEO两嵌段共聚物的cmc值表现出了随憎水嵌段增加而相应增加的趋势. 通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征发现, PDMS-b-PEO嵌段共聚物在选择性溶剂水中会自组装形成球状、棒状以及囊泡状的聚集体.     

两亲性嵌段共聚物的合成及其在离子液体中的自组装行为

采用阴离子开环聚合法合成了两亲性嵌段共聚物PLA-PEG-PLA.用FT-IR,1H NMR和GPC等手段对嵌段共聚物的结构组成进行了表征.两亲性嵌段共聚物在离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐中能自组装成胶束,用透射电子显微镜观察了聚合物在离子液体中形成胶束的纳米结构.当疏水链长固定时,胶束的自组装形状主要依赖于亲水链的长度.两亲性共聚物在离子液体中可自组装成可控制结构的纳米胶束,这种纳米结构胶束在很多领域具有广泛的应用前景.     

两亲性含糖三嵌段共聚物的合成与自组装研究

以二(2-溴异丁酸)4,4′-联苯酯(BiBBP)为引发剂,采用顺序加料的方法,用原子转移自由基聚合法(ATRP)合成了一系列窄分子量分布的甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和6-O-甲基丙烯酰基-1,2;3,4-双-O-亚异丙基-α-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(MAIPGal)的三嵌段共聚物.用GPC和1H-NMR表征了聚合物的相对分子量和链段组成.结果表明,通过改变投料顺序可以合成ABA和BAB型2种三嵌段共聚物,改变投料比和控制单体的转化率可以调控聚合物的链段组成.聚合物脱保护后得到两亲性含糖共聚物.用TEM考察了聚合物在水溶液中的自组装行为,表明具有不同链段组成的共聚物可以形成不同形态的聚集体,含糖段组成高的聚合物易于形成大尺寸的胶团,含糖段组成低的聚合物易于形成结构清晰的囊泡、胶束,其中,含糖段在两边的BAB型共聚物易于形成囊泡,含糖段在中央的ABA型共聚物易于形成胶束.     

两亲性嵌段共聚物的自组装及载药胶束的研究

采用可逆-加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合(RAFT)技术合成了两亲性嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸聚乙二醇单甲醚-b-聚苯乙烯(PSt-b-POEOMA-b-PSt),通过FT-IR、1 HNMR、GPC确定共聚物的结构。将三个具有不同嵌段比的共聚物在水溶液中自组装,通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察得到的胶束的形貌,发现随着亲水性嵌段的比例减小,胶束的直径略微减小。通过透析方法,以共聚物作为载体,负载维生素E,TEM观察载药胶束的形貌,仍然为核-壳状的球形胶束。差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测试共聚物载药胶束前后的热性能,发现药物分子在载入内核的过程中,聚苯乙烯的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)有所降低。通过紫外(UV)分析计算得出共聚物的药物负载量(DLC)为70%～80%。     

一种两亲性pH响应嵌段共聚物PEG-b-AAm的合成

以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)作为引发剂,通过可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合反应(RAFT)将一种新型的具有pH响应能力的共聚物链段(E)-3-((2-氨基乙基)氨甲酰)-6-甲基丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基-6-氧代苯-2-烯酸,及疏水的甲基丙烯酸丙酯、亲水性的聚乙二醇(PEG)进行共聚,合成了一种具有良好酸性响应能力的两亲性嵌段共聚物(PEG-b-AAm)。性能研究结果表明：嵌段共聚物PEG-b-AAm分子结构特征明确,能在水溶液中有效自组装成粒径100～200 nm的球状胶束;加入pH 5.5的醋酸钠缓冲液后,胶束逐渐发生崩解。     

苯乙烯-p-乙烯基苯甲酸两亲性嵌段共聚物在乙醇中自组装行为的电镜观察

两亲性嵌段共聚物在只对其中一链段为良溶剂的选择性溶剂中 ,能够自组装形成胶束 .胶束的形态和尺寸大小依赖于两链段的性质 ,共聚物的组成、浓度、溶剂的性质等[1] .这一性质使得嵌段共聚物在分子识别、药物和其他物质的输送、基因疗法、水系涂料、污染物的除去、纳米复合材料的制备、催化剂以及传感器等方面展示着潜在的应用前景 .因此 ,两亲性嵌段共聚物的合成及其在选择性溶剂中的自组装行为的研究近年来颇受关注[2 ] .依据两链段的比例不同 ,嵌段共聚物可形成星状胶束和“板寸头”(Ｃｒｅｗ ｃｕｔ)型胶束[3 ] .当可溶段远比不溶段长时…     

两亲性三嵌段共聚物PAA-PHB-PAA的合成及表征

本文用ATRP方法, 以两端溴化的聚β-羟基丁酸酯链段(Br-PHB-Br)作为大分子引发剂, 丙烯酸叔丁酯为单体, 合成了一种新的三嵌段共聚物聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-聚β-羟基丁酸酯-聚丙烯酸叔丁酯(PtBA-PHB-PtBA). 在酸性条件下进一步水解, 得到了一种两亲性的聚丙烯酸-聚β-羟基丁酸酯-聚丙烯酸(PAA-PHB-PAA)三嵌段共聚物.     

一种两亲性嵌段共聚物胶束的制备及其对叶酸的负载和控制释放

采用可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合合成了以丙烯酸异丁酯(IBA)、甲基丙烯酸2-二甲氨乙酯(DMAEMA)无规共聚嵌段与聚丙烯酸-2-羟丙酯(PHPA)组成的两亲性两嵌段共聚物(P( IBA-co-DMAEMA)-b-PHPA),并用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、核磁共振波谱(1H-NMR)及红外光谱(FTIR)对其进...     

酸敏感连接单元的合成及其在两亲性嵌段共聚物中的应用

合成了一类基于四氢吡喃/四氢呋喃醚结构的酸敏感连接单元1a和1b,该连接单元的两端均为易反应的活性官能团,其结构经1H NMR、13C NMR、IR和HRMS表征,并合成了一种含四氢吡喃醚结构的模型化合物以及含四氢呋喃醚结构的两亲性嵌段共聚物,其中聚乙二醇(PEG)为亲水片段,聚乳酸(PLA)为疏水片段,其结构经1H NMR、IR以及GPC的表征,并测定了该嵌段共聚物自组装胶束的粒径大小、临界胶束浓度(CMC)以及常温下的稳定性.实验结果表明该类酸敏感嵌段共聚物自组装胶束具有良好的发展前景.     

两亲嵌段共聚物聚D-亮氨酸-聚乙二醇与非离子表面活性剂C_(12)Glu的相互作用

采用表面张力法和圆二色谱技术研究了两亲嵌段共聚物聚D-亮氨酸-聚乙二醇单甲醚/非离子表面活性剂n-十二烷基β-D-葡萄糖苷(C12Glu)混合体系在水溶液中的相互作用.结果表明二者之间的疏水缔合作用较弱;聚合物中α-螺旋结构的含量随着体系中表面活性剂浓度的增大而增加.     

新型线状-树枝状两亲嵌段共聚物的合成

本文设计合成了一系列由不同链长的聚丙烯酸(PAA)为亲水嵌段和不同代数聚苄醚树枝体(Dendr.PBE)为疏水嵌段的杂化共聚物(PAA-Dendr.PBE)。     

Synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymer using trimethylene carbonate bearing oligo(ethylene glycol) and investigation of thin film including cilostazol

To prepare a thin film, the block copolymer poly(TMCM-MOE3OM)-b-PTMC was prepared with different segment ratios of hydrophilic moiety. The glass transition temperature of poly(TMCM-MOE3OM)-b-PTMC decreased as the content of TMCM-MOE3OM increased as expected, and it was confirmed that the graft oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) affected intermolecular interaction. The polymers grafted with OEG showed a thermoresponsive property, which can be expected to be applied to materials triggered by temperature. A thin film was prepared by mixing block copolymer and cilostazol as a drug, and the distribution of cilostazol was observed. It was confirmed that cilostazol was uniformly distributed on the thin film and that local sustained release could be avoided at the time of elution. The eluting behavior of the thin film from the substrate was apparently affected on the segment ratio of the block copolymer. When the thin film was immersed in PBS, the eluting rate increased as the segment ratio of TMCM-MOE3OM in the block copolymer increased. As a result, it is possible to control the eluting rate by changing the ratio of the hydrophilicity and the hydrophobicity of the block copolymer, contributing to the creation of a new coating material containing cilostazol.     

酶促开环聚合合成双亲性H型嵌段共聚物及其自组装

通过固定化酶Novozyme435（NV435）催化聚乙二醇（PEG）开环聚合己内酯（CL）得到端基带有羟基的ABA型三嵌段聚合物,用2,2-二氯代乙酰氯将聚合物的端羟基功能化形成H型大分子引发剂,在CuCl／HMTETA体系中引发4-乙烯基吡啶（4VP）进行原子转移自由基聚合反应（ATRP）,得到了具有两亲性的H型五嵌段聚合物（PVP）2-b—PCL-b．PEG-PCL-（PVP）2,用红外光谱（FT IR）,核磁共振（^1H NMR）,凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）对其结构与分子量及其分子量分布进行了表征,结果表明：H型五嵌段聚合物分子量46121g／mol,分子量分布1．30．并利用动态光散射（DLS）和原子力显微镜（AFM）对聚合物在水溶液中的自组装行为进行了研究,H型嵌段聚合物的胶束呈球形结构,平均直径为70nm左右．     

双刚性共轭嵌段共聚物体系的自组装

棒杆-棒杆(rod-rod)共轭嵌段共聚物体系是近几年发展起来的一类新型共轭聚合物材料,由于其特有的电学活性以及通过自组装实现纳米尺度结构可控等特性正逐渐成为人们研究的热点.构筑单元的刚性棒状结构使得rod-rod共轭嵌段共聚物体系倾向于自组装形成囊泡或层状结构等低曲率聚集体.本文总结了近年来关于rod-rod共轭嵌段共聚物体系自组装行为的研究,分别介绍了溶液中以及薄膜状态下双刚性共轭嵌段共聚物体系的自组装行为,在此基础上进一步讨论了rod-rod共轭嵌段共聚物薄膜结构与性能的关系.     

Preparation and self-assembly of pH-sensitive amphiphilic comb-shaped copolymer containing long fluorinated side chains

Novel pH-sensitive amphiphilic comb-shaped copolymers containing long fluorinated side chains, which combined the characteristics of pH-sensitivity from pendent tertiary amine groups, unique hydrophobic and fluorophobic characteristic from the fluorinated moieties and hydrophilicity from the poly (ethylene glycol) segments, were designed and synthesized via radical polymerizaion of 2-(Dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and homemade fluorinated macromonomer (PHFBMA-GMA). The physicochemical properties of polymeric micelles prepared therefrom were investigated. The chemical structures of the copolymers were characterized by GPC, FTIR and ¹H-NMR. The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of the copolymers in different pH (5.0 and 7.4) were determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. Larger CMCs could be obtained in lower pH since the pronation of DMAEMA moieties enhanced the hydrophilicity. With increasing the amount, as well as the molecular weight, of PHFBMA-GMA, CMC decreased significantly. As pH decreased, particle size, as well as zeta potential of the polymeric micelles increased significantly, indicating significant pH-sensitivity of the polymeric micelles. Furthermore, larger polymeric micelles were obtained with larger amount, as well as higher molecular weight, of PHFBMA-GMA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the morphological shapes of the copolymers performed spherical micelles. The cytotoxicity test showed that the comb-shaped copolymers performed extremely low cytotoxicity. The pH-sensitive polymeric micelles prepared from the amphiphilic comb-shaped copolymers containing long fluorinated side chains could be potential candidates for nanotanks for hydrophobic or fluorophobic molecules and drug carriers and the facile preparation might fit for large scale industrialization.     

Synthesis of a green-emitting alternating block copolymer

An alternating block copolymer, poly(1,8-octanedioxy-2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene-1,2-ethenylene-1,4-phenylene-1,2-ethenylene-1,4-phenylene-1,2-ethenylene-3,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene), 1 , was synthesized, and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography differential scanning calorimetry ultraviolet and elemental analysis. Light-emitting single-layer test diodes using this soluble, processible copolymer as the active layer (i.e. indium tin oxide/ 1 /Ca,Al) emit green light with a luminescent spectral maximum at 513 nm. The single-layer device had a brightness of about 80 cd/m² at a current density of 100 mA/cm² with an internal quantum efficiency of 0.3% photon/electron. Optimization of the light-emitting properties of 1 was achieved through variation of a key Wittig polymerization step in the synthesis, using trialkyl rather than triaryl phosphonium salts in an appropriate solvent mixture to achieve nearly regiospecific trans-olefination. This provided an improvement over earlier procedures, which require a post-Wittig isomerization to minimize the presence of electroluminescence-inhibiting cis-bonds. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis of Amphiphilic ABCBA-Type Pentablock Copolymer from Consecutive ATRPs and Self-Assembly in Aqueous Solution

Summary: A novel amphiphilic ABCBA-type pentablock copolymer with properties that are sensitive to temperature and pH, poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly(2,2,2- trifluoroethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA- b-PTFEMA-b-PCL-b-PTFEMA-b-PDMAEMA), was synthesized via consecutive atom transfer radical polymerizations (ATRPs). The copolymers obtained were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, respectively. The aggregation behaviors of the pentablock copolymers in aqueous solution with different pH (pH = 4.0, 7.0 and 8.5) were studied. Transmission electron microscopic images revealed that spherical micelles from self-assembly of the pentablock copolymer were prevalent in all cases. The mean diameters of these micelles increased from 34, 46, to 119 nm when the pH of the aqueous solution decreased from 8.5, 7.0, to 4.0, respectively.