超声筛查早期诊断婴儿发育性髋关节异常的临床管理

目的 了解鄞州区0~6月龄婴儿发育性髋关节异常（developmental dysplasia of hip,DDH）的流行病学特征，探讨DDH 的临床管理模式。方法 由鄞州区妇幼保健机构社区医师和鄞州区第二医院围生医生共同负责完成DDH 的临床初筛工作，可疑或异常者转儿科进一步检查，并予B 超筛查，对不同人群分别进行早期干预、复查、随访及骨盆正位X 线片检查，必要时转小儿骨科治疗。结果 2012 年5 月至2013 年5 月，共6 890 例0~6月龄婴儿进行髋关节B 超筛查，初筛阳性率5.73%（395/6 890），复查阳性率0.59%（34/5729）；月龄越小筛查阳性率越高，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。新生儿及1~3月龄婴儿初筛阳性率高，但复查阳性率明显降低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；4~6月龄婴儿初筛及复查阳性率差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）。结论 鄞州区采取的社区门诊检查- 区医院儿科复查-B 超筛查及转诊治疗的管理模式，可作为基层推进DDH 的早发现和早治疗的有效手段。     

一种具有脉冲扰动的恒化器模型的动力学性质

在这篇文章中,我们提出并分析了一个具有捕食者,食饵和既有周期脉冲输入又有周期脉冲输出营养液的恒化器模型.我们得到了一种微生物和营养液共存的周期解,同时,也得到两种微生物都绝灭的周期解,而且建立了周期解稳定的充分条件.最后,我们给出了一个简单的讨论.     

孕妇产前抗A（B）IgG效价对高胆红素血症新生儿的影响研究

目的探讨孕妇产前抗A（B）IgG效价对高胆红素血症新生儿的黄疸情况及血红细胞参数等指标的影响。方法选取由O型血孕妇生产的且出生后1周内发生新生儿高胆红素血症的足月A（B）型血新生儿174例，按孕妇产前抗A（B）IgG效价分为低值效价组、中值效价组和高值效价组，比较3组新生儿溶血症（HDN）发生率、胆红素指标（TBil、DBil、IBil）、黄疸出现时间、入院治疗开始时间、入院治疗持续时间、血红细胞参数（RBC、Hb、HCT、RDW）和贫血发生率。结果3组新生儿胆红素指标（TBil、DBil、IBil）均无统计学差异（均P＞0.05），但孕妇产前抗A（B）IgG效价越高，HDN发生率越高，黄疸出现时间、入院治疗开始时间越早，入院治疗持续时间越长，RBC、Hb、HCT越低，RDW越高，贫血发生率也增高（均P＜0.05）。结论孕妇产前抗A（B）IgG效价可影响新生儿高胆红素血症的发生、发展进程，效价越高，新生儿血红细胞的破坏程度越大。     

Logistic违约率模型最优样本配比与分界点的模拟分析

Logistic模型是研究违约率的主流方法之一,但目前的研究未能对最优样本配比与分界点这两个基本问题给予足够的重视。本文采用模拟分析方法设计了样本配比—临界点的情景,通过实证比较的方法得出1∶3的样本配比与0.647的临界点比较适合我国的情况,而常用的1∶1的样本配比可能并不适用。     

生猪生产的最优利润

线性规划（ＬＰ）用于确定饲料最低费用配比已有多年的历史。但确定饲料配比仅是农场主所关心的一件事，他们的主要目的是为了从生产中获取最大的利润。本文提出了基于ＬＰ的饲料规划方案，以便使猪是佳地生长，同时也使养猪者获取更大的生产利润。在最大利润模型中，售价和重量的乘积作为收入，饲料费和间接费作为成本。解中包括猪饲料的总量和猪应有的最佳重量。为了把猪的生长模式引入到ＬＰ模型中，我们用数学生长函数来表达生长率和猪龄之间的关系。该函数是经过适当的转化，用回归方法估算出来的。猪在不同生长阶段的营养需求是依据其生长模型和饲料转化率分析的。把上述结果全都引用到ＬＰ模型中，这样可以使利润最优化。实际数据的检验表明：在实践中，ＬＰ模型的结果是合理的。     

利用C_p准则筛选影响猪胴体瘦肉量的最优子集

本文把猪胴体瘦肉量作为因变量，胴体重、眼肌面积、胴体长、背膘厚和屠宰日龄作为自变量，组成了31个可能产生的自变量子集，利用C_p准则分析了变量及组合在不同子集中的作用，筛选出了以胴体重、眼肌面积、胴体长、和背膘厚组成的最优子集．     

颈内静脉原位导丝法换置中心静脉长期血液透析导管的临床应用

目的探讨经颈内静脉原位导丝法换置中心静脉长期血液透析导管在维持性血液透析（MHD）患者中的应用价值。方法选取近3年在颈内静脉留置的中心静脉长期血液透析导管因功能障碍后，并经颈内静脉原位导丝法换置长期导管，术后及每次透析后均改用尿激酶封管患者16例（原位换置组）；选取同期首次经颈内静脉留置中心静脉长期血液透析导管,普通肝素封管患者20例作为对照组；分析两组患者围术期泵控血流量及随访期的反应及开存期率、次开存期率。结果围术期泵控血流量原位换置组高于对照组，有统计学差异（P＜0.05）；两组比较感染例次/1000导管日0.9%与1.0%，无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。原位换置组围术期未发生中重度并发症，12个月开存期率81.2%、次开存期率93.8%；对照组开存期率为65%、次开存期率85%；两组比较无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。结论颈内静脉原位导丝法换置中心静脉长期血液透析导管，在MHD患者中的使用是安全的、可行的。     

高脂饮食损害大脑

[美国趣味科学网站2011年12月30日报道]题:对啮齿动物的研究显示,高脂饮食损害大脑(记者琳达.斯拉西布尔)减去多余的体重并且保持成果可能并非易事,一项新研究揭示了背后的原因之一:高脂饮食,哪怕仅持     

正交法与配比试验

(一)前言 关于总量不受限制的配方试验,用正交法来安排,这是人们较熟悉的。如果限定总量必须是指定的数量,那么这时配方问题就等价于配比问题。二者相互完全决定;即配方决定一组配比;反过来配比决定配方。中文(二)中介绍如何用用正交法作配比试验。本文(三)中介绍多指标的综合评分,搞好综合评分,应考虑对原因和效果两方面有影响的要素,我们将介绍一个除效果四项指标之外,再添加成本一项指标共五项指标的综合评分。 (二)配比试验 关于配比试验(不管是否限定总量),如果有一种成分A所占的比值较大,而且事先已经知道这种成分A的用量多少对试验…     

矩阵的奇异值分解的应用

本文通过引入矩阵奇异值的说明率及其模型考核的相关指标将矩阵的奇异值分解（ＳＶＤ）应用于我国育龄妇女接龄生育率数据的数学建模之中，得到了按龄生育率的可用于进行预测的按龄线性模型。     

Qualitative Analysis of Bifurcating Solutions in the Lengyel-Epstein Model

One of the most fundamental problems in theoretical biology is to explain the mechanisms by which patterns and forms are created in the＇living world. In his seminal paper ＂The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis＂, Turing showed that a system of coupled reaction-diffusion equations can be used to describe patterns and forms in biological systems. However, the first experimental evidence to the Turing patterns was observed by De Kepper and her associates（1990） on the CIMA reaction in an open unstirred reactor, almost 40 years after Turing＇s prediction. Lengyel and Epstein characterized this famous experiment using a system of reaction-diffusion equations. The Lengyel-Epstein model is in the form as follows     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

On a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments in higher order Wiener chaoses

We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.     

(0,1 ;0)-INTERPOLATION ON INFINITE INTERVAL (-∞, +∞)

In this paper, we study the explicit representation and convergence of (0, 1; 0)-interpolation on infinite interval, which means to determine a polynomial of degree ≤ 3n - 2 when the function values are prescribed at two set of points namely the zeros of Hn(x) and H′n(x) and the first derivatives at the zeros of H′n(x).     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 30

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Instructions for contributions

正Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities,Series B(Appl.Math.J.Chinese Univ.,Ser.B)is a comprehensive applied mathematics journal jointly sponsored by Zhejiang University,China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,and Springer-Verlag.It is a quarterly journal with     

Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications Guide for Authors

正Journal overview:Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications(JMRA),formerly Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition(JMRE)created in 1981,one of the transactions of China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,is a home for original research papers of the highest quality in all areas of mathematics with applications.The target audience comprises:pure and applied mathematicians,graduate students in broad fields of sciences and technology,scientists and engineers interested in mathematics.     

Staircase transportation problems with superadditive rewards and cumulative capacities

A cumulative-capacitated transportation problem is studied. The supply nodes and demand nodes are each chains. Shipments from a supply node to a demand node are possible only if the pair lies in a sublattice, or equivalently, in a staircase disjoint union of rectangles, of the product of the two chains. There are (lattice) superadditive upper bounds on the cumulative flows in all leading subrectangles of each rectangle. It is shown that there is a greatest cumulative flow formed by the natural generalization of the South-West Corner Rule that respects cumulative-flow capacities; it has maximum reward when the rewards are (lattice) superadditive; it is integer if the supplies, demands and capacities are integer; and it can be calculated myopically in linear time. The result is specialized to earlier work of Hoeffding (1940), Fréchet (1951), Lorentz (1953), Hoffman (1963) and Barnes and Hoffman (1985). Applications are given to extreme constrained bivariate distributions, optimal distribution with limited one-way product substitution and, generalizing results of Derman and Klein (1958), optimal sales with age-dependent rewards and capacities.To our friend, Philip Wolfe, with admiration and affection, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Research was supported respectively by the IBM T.J. Watson and IBM Almaden Research Centers and is a minor revision of the IBM Research Report [6].