剔除环境因素影响的中国工业企业技术创新效率评价研究

基于现有研究在测算工业企业技术创新效率时未考虑外部环境因素影响的缺陷,本文基于TOPSIS方法构建能有效剔除环境因素影响的改进DEA模型,在此基础上对中国2010年工业企业技术创新效率进行实证评价与分析,结果表明,中国工业企业技术创新效率确实受到经济发展水平、外资活动、政府支持、市场结构、所有制结构等环境因素的影响,根据创新效率与R＆D投入水平将我国各地区划分为高效率高投入、高效率低投入、低效率高投入和低效率低投入四种模式,各模式地区的工业企业应结合自身特点有针对性地采取不同的策略提升技术创新效率。     

基于三阶段DEA模型的中国工业企业创新效率评价

为了消除环境变量和随机误差对创新效率值的影响,运用Fried等提出的三阶段DEA模型,对1998-2007年中国工业企业创新效率状况进行了实证分析,研究结果表明,中国工业企业创新效率确实受到经济发展水平、外资活动、政府扶持激励政策和市场结构等环境变量和随机因素的影响。在剔除环境和随机因素影响后,1998-2007年间中国各地区工业企业创新效率呈现出下降的趋势,其中,东部的上海、广东、海南和西部的青海四个地区比较稳定地处于前沿面相对效率位置,结合各地区创新效率与R&D投入水平,可以将我国各地区划分为相对效率高投入、相对效率低投入、高效率高投入、高效率低投入、低效率高投入和低效率低投入等六种模式,并根据各种模式有针对性地提出了相关对策建议。     

基于PCA和网络DEA模型的中国工业企业研发效率和经营效率评价

本文构建了一个价值链模型,将创新活动视作由研发阶段和经营阶段构成的完整过程。在主成分提取的基础上,利用Tone和Tsut8ui提出的SBM网络DEA模型,对2010年我国30个省(自治区、直辖市)大中型工业企业的研发效率和经营效率进行了实证分析。研究发现:第一,研发效率与经营效率之间不存在显著相关关系。第二,从整体上看,我国大中型工业企业的研发效率显著低于经营效率。第三,利用象限分析方法,根据研发效率和经营效率的特点,将我国各省市划分为高研发效率一高经营效率、高研发效率.低经营效率、低研发效率一高经营效率、低研发效率一低经营效率四种模式,并根据各种模式提出了有针对性的建议。     

交通运输设备制造业能源消耗效率的投入产出分析

基于投入产出模型来研究中国交通运输设备制造业的能源消耗效率.首先构造了一个引入能源消耗的投入产出模型.然后利用该投入产出模型对中国交通运输设备制造业的能源消耗效率进行了实证分析,结果表明:1995~2002年间中国交通运输设备制造业的能源直接消耗效率不断提高;1997年比1992年的能源完全消耗效率也明显提高.为进一步提高我国交通运输设备制造业的能源消耗效率,政策的重点应放在提高交通运输设备制造业的间接消耗效率和提高所有产业能源的直接消耗效率.     

应用随机前沿成本模型对我国大型综合医院成本效率的研究

为了精确考察我国大型医院医疗服务和管理的成本效率,采用随机前沿成本模型对我国73所大型综合医院的医疗服务的成本效率进行了评价研究,同时在3种不同低效率误差分布的假设下,对各评价单元所得的效率值进行了比较.结果显示,我国大型综合医院医疗服务的成本效率平均得分在0.9以上,表明它们的医疗服务和管理水平是比较高的,与其发展规模是相匹配的.并且在3种不同的低效率误差分布假设下各评价单元所得效率值也基本一致.     

基于DEA的陕西省交通运输效率评价与分析

以DEA(数据包络分析)方法及模型为理论基础,从投入和产出两个层面建立交通运输效率评价指标体系,运用DEAP2.1软件对陕西省交通运输行业2001年-2012年的数据进行定量分析评价.根据计算结果,提出了稳定发展公路、航空运输,加强对铁路和水路运输培育等提高陕西交通运输效率的建议.     

基于SBM-NDEA模型的我国高专利密集度产业技术创新效率研究

本文结合以创新损耗为表征的非期望产出以及非径向的SMB-NDEA模型对我国高专利密集度产业2005-2015年的技术创新效率进行研究。实证结果表明:(1)我国9大高专利密集度产业大多能保证较高的技术创新效率并能持续创新,特别是“计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业”及“烟草制造业”长期保持接近效率前沿的高效率;(2)依照不同产业的各网络节点的效率情况可将9大产业聚类,类别内部具有相似的效率节点表征;(3)创新确认节点与经济转化节点的双重低效率会导致高专利密集产业的持续性整体低效。针对以上研究发现,本文从搭建知识产权中介服务平台以及加强技术前瞻性评估等方面为政策制定者和企业管理者提供可参考的建议。     

我国跨境电商上市企业经营效率研究——基于三阶段DEA-Malmquist指数方法

以33家跨境电商上市企业为研究对象,基于三阶段DEA和Malmquist指数模型从静态和动态两个角度出发,对2013-2018年我国跨境电商上市企业的综合效率、全要素生产效率指数及两者的分解效率进行测度并对比分析,同时分析了宏观经济环境、政府干预和企业自身经营情况等因素对经营效率的影响.结果表明:样本企业经营效率存在个体差异,且外部环境对其经营效率具有显著影响;纯技术效率和规模效率参差不齐是导致综合技术效率分化严重的主要原因.基于此,跨境电商上市企业应积极配合政策变化,加强营销能力,及时调整经营规模,以防范宏观经济风险,提高企业经营效率.     

基于三阶段DEA模型的我国碳排放效率分析

对我国区域碳排放效率的准确测评是各省区针对性制定减排战略的基础,经典DEA模型未能排除外部环境因素和随机因素的影响,本文利用三阶段DEA模型构建消除外部环境因素和随机因素的区域碳排放效率测算模型。研究表明我国碳排放高效率地区共有广东等9省,中效率地区共有湖南等16省,低效率地区共有甘肃等4省。用三阶段DEA模型测算出的各省1997~2010年平均碳排放效率结果与经典DEA模型测算结果有显著性差异,与我国经济发展实际和预期结果更加吻合,各省可以根据自身测评结果有针对性地提高综合碳排放效率。     

国有企业非资源配置低效率的人力资本产权因素分析

国有企业非资源配置低效率的根本原因是由产权性质导致的国有企业治理结构的内在缺陷.本文从人力资本产权角度分析了国有企业委托结构链和刚性契约对非资源配置效率的影响,提出国有企业应建立人力资本产权与非人力资本产权共同参与企业经营控制和收益绩效分享的激励约束机制.     

Qualitative Analysis of Bifurcating Solutions in the Lengyel-Epstein Model

One of the most fundamental problems in theoretical biology is to explain the mechanisms by which patterns and forms are created in the＇living world. In his seminal paper ＂The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis＂, Turing showed that a system of coupled reaction-diffusion equations can be used to describe patterns and forms in biological systems. However, the first experimental evidence to the Turing patterns was observed by De Kepper and her associates（1990） on the CIMA reaction in an open unstirred reactor, almost 40 years after Turing＇s prediction. Lengyel and Epstein characterized this famous experiment using a system of reaction-diffusion equations. The Lengyel-Epstein model is in the form as follows     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

On a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments in higher order Wiener chaoses

We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.     

(0,1 ;0)-INTERPOLATION ON INFINITE INTERVAL (-∞, +∞)

In this paper, we study the explicit representation and convergence of (0, 1; 0)-interpolation on infinite interval, which means to determine a polynomial of degree ≤ 3n - 2 when the function values are prescribed at two set of points namely the zeros of Hn(x) and H′n(x) and the first derivatives at the zeros of H′n(x).     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 30

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Instructions for contributions

正Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities,Series B(Appl.Math.J.Chinese Univ.,Ser.B)is a comprehensive applied mathematics journal jointly sponsored by Zhejiang University,China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,and Springer-Verlag.It is a quarterly journal with     

Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications Guide for Authors

正Journal overview:Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications(JMRA),formerly Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition(JMRE)created in 1981,one of the transactions of China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,is a home for original research papers of the highest quality in all areas of mathematics with applications.The target audience comprises:pure and applied mathematicians,graduate students in broad fields of sciences and technology,scientists and engineers interested in mathematics.     

Staircase transportation problems with superadditive rewards and cumulative capacities

A cumulative-capacitated transportation problem is studied. The supply nodes and demand nodes are each chains. Shipments from a supply node to a demand node are possible only if the pair lies in a sublattice, or equivalently, in a staircase disjoint union of rectangles, of the product of the two chains. There are (lattice) superadditive upper bounds on the cumulative flows in all leading subrectangles of each rectangle. It is shown that there is a greatest cumulative flow formed by the natural generalization of the South-West Corner Rule that respects cumulative-flow capacities; it has maximum reward when the rewards are (lattice) superadditive; it is integer if the supplies, demands and capacities are integer; and it can be calculated myopically in linear time. The result is specialized to earlier work of Hoeffding (1940), Fréchet (1951), Lorentz (1953), Hoffman (1963) and Barnes and Hoffman (1985). Applications are given to extreme constrained bivariate distributions, optimal distribution with limited one-way product substitution and, generalizing results of Derman and Klein (1958), optimal sales with age-dependent rewards and capacities.To our friend, Philip Wolfe, with admiration and affection, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Research was supported respectively by the IBM T.J. Watson and IBM Almaden Research Centers and is a minor revision of the IBM Research Report [6].