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1.
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed ortho‐CH Arylation/Alkylation of N‐Benzoyl α‐Amino Ester Derivatives
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Dr. Luis C. Misal Castro Prof. Naoto Chatani 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(16):4548-4553
The palladium‐catalyzed arylation/alkylation of ortho‐C?H bonds in N‐benzoyl α‐amino ester derivatives is described. In such a system both the NH‐amido and the CO2R groups in the α‐amino ester moieties play a role in successful C?H activation/C?C bond formation using iodoaryl coupling partners. A wide variety of functional groups and electron‐rich/deficient iodoarenes are tolerated. The yields obtained range from 20 to 95 %. 相似文献
2.
Jacek Zaleski Zdzisaw Daszkiewicz Janusz B. Kyzio 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2001,57(6):754-757
In the title compounds, C6H8N3O2+·NO3? and C5H6N3O2+·CH3SO3?, respectively, the cations are almost planar; the twist of the nitramino group about the C—N and N—N bonds does not exceed 10°. The deviations from coplanarity are accounted for by intermolecular N—H?O interactions. The coplanarity of the NHNO2 group and the phenyl ring leads to the deformation of the nitramino group. The C—N—N angle and one C—C—N angle at the junction of the phenyl ring and the nitramino group are increased from 120° by ca 6°, whereas the other junction C—C—N angle is decreased by ca 5°. Within the nitro group, the O—N—O angle is increased by ca 5° and one O—N—N angle is decreased by ca 5°, whereas the other O—N—N angle remains almost unchanged. The cations are connected to the anions by relatively strong N—H?O hydrogen bonds [shortest H?O separations 1.77 (2)–1.81 (3) Å] and much weaker C—H?O hydrogen bonds [H?O separations 2.30 (2)–2.63 (3) Å]. 相似文献
3.
Practical Synthesis of anti‐β‐Hydroxy‐α‐Amino Acids by PdII‐Catalyzed Sequential C(sp3)H Functionalization
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Kai Chen Shuo‐Qing Zhang Huai‐Zhi Jiang Jing‐Wen Xu Prof. Dr. Bing‐Feng Shi 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(8):3264-3270
An improved and practical procedure for the stereoselective synthesis of anti‐β‐hydroxy‐α‐amino acids (anti‐βhAAs), by palladium‐catalyzed sequential C(sp3)?H functionalization directed by 8‐aminoquinoline auxiliary, is described. followed by a previously established monoarylation and/or alkylation of the β‐methyl C(sp3)?H of alanine derivative, β‐acetoxylation of both alkylic and benzylic methylene C(sp3)?H bonds affords various anti‐β‐hydroxy‐α‐amino acid derivatives. As an example, the synthesis of β‐mercapto‐α‐amino acids, which are highly important to the extension of native chemical ligation chemistry beyond cysteine, is described. The synthetic potential of this protocol is further demonstrated by the synthesis of diverse β‐branched α‐amino acids. The observed diastereoselectivities are strongly influenced by electronic effects of aromatic AAs and steric effects of the linear side‐chain AAs, which could be explained by the competition of intramolecular C?OAc bond reductive elimination from PdIV intermediates vs. intermolecular attack by an external nucleophile (AcO?) in an SN2‐type process. 相似文献
4.
Roger E. Gerkin 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(6):674-676
The title compound, C21H18O2, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P21/n with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. There is a single hydrogen bond, with an Odonor?Oacceptor distance of 2.624 (2) Å, which forms a cyclic dimer about a center of symmetry. The carboxyl group O atoms are ordered, while the carboxyl‐H atom is disordered. A single leading intermolecular C—H?O interaction has an H?O distance of 2.68 Å and a C—H?O angle of 178°; this interaction forms chains. Taken together with the hydrogen bond, it generates chains and rings. Structural comparisons are made with trans‐cinnamic acid and with 4‐methyl‐trans‐cinnamic acid. 相似文献
5.
Hugh W. Thompson Roger A. Lalancette 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(1):o22-o23
The title keto acid, (+)‐23,24‐dinor‐3‐oxochol‐4‐en‐22‐oic acid, C22H32O3, forms carboxyl‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonding catemers [O?O = 2.699 (4) Å and O—H?O = 173°], linking molecules screw‐related in b. The four molecules in the cell form two parallel counter‐directional chains, screw‐related in a. Intermolecular C—H?O=C close contacts to different neighboring molecules were found for the ketone and the acid. 相似文献
6.
Fiona Brady John F. Gallagher Carol Murphy 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(3):365-368
The title compounds, C12H13NO4, are derived from l ‐threonine and dl ‐threonine, respectively. Hydrogen bonding in the chiral derivative, (2S/3R)‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐(1‐oxoisoindolin‐2‐yl)butanoic acid, consists of O—Hacid?Oalkyl—H?O=Cindole chains [O?O 2.659 (3) and 2.718 (3) Å], Csp3—H?O and three C—H?πarene interactions. In the (2R,3S/2S,3R) racemate, conventional carboxylic acid hydrogen bonding as cyclical (O—H?O=C)2 [graph set R22(8)] is present, with Oalkyl—H?O=Cindole, Csp3—H?O and C—H?πarene interactions. The COOH group geometry differs between the two forms, with C—O, C=O, C—C—O and C—C=O bond lengths and angles of 1.322 (3) and 1.193 (3) Å, and 109.7 (2) and 125.4 (3)°, respectively, in the chiral structure, and 1.2961 (17) and 1.2210 (18) Å, and 113.29 (12) and 122.63 (13)°, respectively, in the racemate structure. The O—C=O angles of 124.9 (3) and 124.05 (14)° are similar. The differences arise from the contrasting COOH hydrogen‐bonding environments in the two structures. 相似文献
7.
Dr. Brian N. Laforteza Kelvin S. L. Chan Prof. Dr. Jin‐Quan Yu 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(38):11143-11146
The commonly used para‐nitrobenzenesulfonyl (nosyl) protecting group is employed to direct the C? H activation of amines for the first time. An enantioselective ortho‐C? H cross‐coupling between nosyl‐protected diarylmethylamines and arylboronic acid pinacol esters has been achieved utilizing chiral mono‐N‐protected amino acid (MPAA) ligands as a promoter. 相似文献
8.
V. S. Senthil Kumar Ashwini Nangia 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(3):360-361
The crystal structure of the title compound, C32H28O2, (I), confirms the erythro stereochemistry of the aldol adduct. In the crystal, (I) forms centrosymmetric O—H?O=C hydrogen‐bonded dimers which in turn are connected by C—H?O and C—H?π interactions. 相似文献
9.
The cyclization of 1‐amino‐2‐mercapto‐5‐[1‐(4‐ethoxyphenyl)‐5‐methyl‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl]‐1,3,4‐triazole which was synthesized from p‐ethoxyaniline with various triazole acid in absolute phosphorus oxychloride yields 3,6‐bis(1,2,3‐triazolyl)‐s‐triazolo[3,4‐b]‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives 9a?j , and their structures are established by MS, IR, CHN and 1H NMR spectral data. 相似文献
10.
John Nicolson Low Justo Cobo Braulio Insuasty Manuel Nogueras Angela Salcedo Adolfo Snchez 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(2):o125-o128
The title compounds, 2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐1,2‐dihydropyrimido[1,2‐a]benzimidazol‐4‐(3H)‐one, C16H12BrN3O, (IVa), and 4‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐3,4‐dihydropyrimido[1,2‐a]benzimidazol‐2‐(1H)‐one, C17H15N3O, (Vb), both form R(8) centrosymmetric dimers via N—H?N hydrogen bonds. The N?N distance is 2.943 (3) Å for (IVa) and 2.8481 (16) Å for (Vb), with the corresponding N—H?N angles being 129 and 167°, respectively. However, in other respects, the supramolecular structures of the two compounds differ. Both compounds contain different C—H?π interactions, in which the C—H?π(centroid) distances are 2.59 and 2.47 Å for (IVa) and (Vb), respectively (the latter being a short distance), with C—H?π(centroid) angles of 158 and 159°, respectively. The supramolecular structures also differ, with a short Br?O distance of 3.117 (2) Å in bromo derivative (IVa), and a C—H?O interaction with a C?O distance of 3.2561 (19) Å and a C—H?O angle of 127° in tolyl system (Vb). The dihydropyrimido part of (Vb) is disordered, with a ratio of the major and minor components of 0.9:0.1. The disorder consists of two non‐interchangeable envelope conformers, each with an equatorial tolyl group and an axial methine H atom. 相似文献
11.
Xianwen Lou Bas F. M. de Waal Joost L. J. van Dongen Jef A. J. M. Vekemans E. W. Meijer 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》2010,45(10):1195-1202
2‐[(2E)‐3‐(4‐tert‐Butylphenyl)‐2‐methylprop‐2‐enylidene]malononitrile (DCTB) has been considered as an excellent matrix for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) of many types of synthetic compounds. However, it might provide troublesome results for compounds containing aliphatic primary or secondary amino groups. For these compounds, strong extra ion peaks with a mass difference of 184.1 Da were usually observed, which might falsely indicate the presence of some unknown impurities that were not detected by other matrices. On the basis of the possible mechanisms proposed, these extra ions are the products of nucleophilic reactions between analyte amino groups and DCTB molecules or radical cations. In these reactions, an amino group replaces the dicyanomethylene group of DCTB forming a matrix adduct via a ? C?N‐bond. An aliphatic primary amine could react easily with DCTB and the reaction could start once they are mixed in a MALDI solution. For an aliphatic secondary amine, on the other hand, the reaction most likely occurs in the gas phase. Protonation of amino groups by adding acid seems to be a useful way to stop DCTB adduction for compounds with one single amino group, but not for compounds with multiple amino groups. Unlike aliphatic primary or secondary amines, aliphatic tertiary amines and aromatic amines do not yield DCTB adducts. This is because tertiary amines do not have the required transferrable H‐(N) atom to form an extra ? C?N‐bond, while aromatic amines are not sufficiently nucleophilic to attack DCTB. In view of the possible matrix adduction, care should be taken in MALDI time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (TOF MS) when DCTB is used as the matrix for compounds containing amino group(s). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
Jacob M. Newman Roger A. Lalancette Hugh W. Thompson 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(7):o402-o404
The title keto acid, C20H26O4, forms carboxyl‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonding catemers [O?O = 2.653 (5) Å and O—H?O = 172 (5)°], linking translationally related molecules via the A‐ring ketone. The two molecules in the cell form two parallel counter‐directional chains, screw‐related in b. A total of four intermolecular C—H?O=C close contacts was found, involving both ketone functions. 相似文献
13.
Clair Bilton Judith A. K. Howard N. N. Laxmi Madhavi Gautam R. Desiraju Frank H. Allen 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(11):1356-1358
The title compounds, C8H10O2, (I), and C12H14O2, (II), occurred as by‐products in the controlled synthesis of a series of bis(gem‐alkynols), prepared as part of an extensive study of synthon formation in simple gem‐alkynol derivatives. The two 4‐(gem‐alkynol)‐1‐ones crystallize in space group P21/c, (I) with Z′ = 1 and (II) with Z′ = 2. Both structures are dominated by O—H?O=C hydrogen bonds, which form simple chains in the cyclohexane derivative, (I), and centrosymmetric dimers, of both symmetry‐independent molecules, in the cyclohexa‐2,5‐diene, (II). These strong synthons are further stabilized by C[triple‐bond]C—H?O=C, Cmethylene—H?O(H) and Cmethyl—H?O(H) interactions. The direct intermolecular interactions between donors and acceptors in the gem‐alkynol group, which characterize the bis(gem‐alkynol) analogues of (I) and (II), are not present in the ketone derivatives studied here. 相似文献
14.
Lakshminarasimhan Damodharan Nagarajarao Shamaladevi Vasantha Pattabhi Manoranjan Behera Sambasivarao Kotha 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(5):o266-o267
The title compound, C20H21NO3, is a derivative of Aib (α‐aminoisobutyric acid) and is cyclized at the Cα position by biphenyl rings. The seven‐membered ring possesses C2 symmetry. The Cα cyclization causes the backbone to assume a helical conformation in the crystal structure. The packing of the molecules is stabilized by intermolecular C—H?O, C—H?π and N—H?O hydrogen bonds. 相似文献
15.
Divergent and Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Silyl‐α‐Amino Acids through Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Silylation of Unactivated Primary and Secondary C−H Bonds
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Yue‐Jin Liu Yan‐Hua Liu Zhuo‐Zhuo Zhang Sheng‐Yi Yan Kai Chen Prof. Dr. Bing‐Feng Shi 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(44):13859-13862
A general and practical PdII‐catalyzed intermolecular silylation of primary and secondary C?H bonds of α‐amino acids and simple aliphatic acids is reported. This method provides divergent and stereoselective access to a variety of optical pure β‐silyl‐α‐amino acids, which are useful for genetic technologies and proteomics. It can also be readily performed on a gram scale and the auxiliary can be easily removed with retention of configuration. The synthetic importance of this method is further demonstrated by the late‐stage functionalization of biological small molecules, such as (?)‐santonin and β‐cholic acid. Moreover, several key palladacycles were successfully isolated and characterized to elucidate the mechanism of this β?C(sp3)‐H silylation process. 相似文献
16.
Enrique Mann Ana Montero MiguelA. Maestro Bernardo Herradn 《Helvetica chimica acta》2002,85(11):3624-3638
1,1′‐Biphenyl derivatives with amino acid/peptide substitution at C(2) and C(2′) (‘peptide‐biphenyl hybrids', 6 – 8 ) have been prepared by direct N‐acylation of amino acid/peptide derivatives with 1,1′‐biphenyl‐2,2′‐dicarbonyl dichloride ( 5 ). Both conformers, which arise from the rotation around the aryl aryl bond, have been detected by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. Single atropisomers of each 6 ((R)‐configuration at the stereogenic axis) and 7 ((S)‐configuration at the stereogenic axis) have been obtained in quantitative yield by slow evaporation of methanolic solutions. The procedures are dynamic atropselective resolutions (asymmetric transformations of the second kind). The crystal structures of the peptide‐biphenyl hybrids 6 and 7 show highly ordered molecular and supramolecular structures with extensive intramolecular and intermolecular H‐bonding. 相似文献
17.
Ivan Leban Anton timac Joe Kobe Gerald Giester 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(7):890-891
In the title compound, C22H24N4O11, the N‐glycosidic torsion angles O′—C′—N—C and O′—C′—N—N are ?34.1 (6) and 148.8 (3)°, respectively. The molecule displays an α‐d configuration with the ribofuranose moiety in an O′‐exo–C′‐endo pucker. There are only weak C—H?O and C—H?N intra‐ and intermolecular interactions. 相似文献
18.
Markos M. Papadakis Sonia P. Martins Hugh W. Thompson Roger A. Lalancette 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(6):o321-o322
The ring system of the title compound, C13H18O3, was synthesized by addition of ethyl acrylate to the dienamine of 2‐octalone. The keto acid aggregates in the solid as acid‐to‐acid dimers [O?O = 2.663 (2) Å and O—H?O = 170 (3)°] whose centrosymmetric hydrogen bonds lie across the a edges and the center of the chosen cell. Three intermolecular C—H?O close contacts within 2.7 Å were found involving the ketone group. 相似文献
19.
《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2018,74(9):1007-1019
Two series of a total of ten cocrystals involving 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine with various carboxylic acids have been prepared and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The pyrimidine unit used for the cocrystals offers two ring N atoms (positions N1 and N3) as proton‐accepting sites. Depending upon the site of protonation, two types of cations are possible [Rajam et al. (2017). Acta Cryst. C 73 , 862–868]. In a parallel arrangement, two series of cocrystals are possible depending upon the hydrogen bonding of the carboxyl group with position N1 or N3. In one series of cocrystals, i.e. 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–3‐bromothiophene‐2‐carboxylic acid (1/1), 1 , 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–5‐chlorothiophene‐2‐carboxylic acid (1/1), 2 , 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–2,4‐dichlorobenzoic acid (1/1), 3 , and 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–2‐aminobenzoic acid (1/1), 4 , the carboxyl hydroxy group (–OH) is hydrogen bonded to position N1 (O—H…N1) of the corresponding pyrimidine unit (single point supramolecular synthon). The inversion‐related stacked pyrimidines are doubly bridged by the carboxyl groups via N—H…O and O—H…N hydrogen bonds to form a large cage‐like tetrameric unit with an R42(20) graph‐set ring motif. These tetrameric units are further connected via base pairing through a pair of N—H…N hydrogen bonds, generating R22(8) motifs (supramolecular homosynthon). In the other series of cocrystals, i.e. 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–5‐methylthiophene‐2‐carboxylic acid (1/1), 5 , 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–benzoic acid (1/1), 6 , 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–2‐methylbenzoic acid (1/1), 7 , 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–3‐methylbenzoic acid (1/1), 8 , 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–4‐methylbenzoic acid (1/1), 9 , and 4‐amino‐5‐chloro‐2,6‐dimethylpyrimidine–4‐aminobenzoic acid (1/1), 10 , the carboxyl group interacts with position N3 and the adjacent 4‐amino group of the corresponding pyrimidine ring via O—H…N and N—H…O hydrogen bonds to generate the robust R22(8) supramolecular heterosynthon. These heterosynthons are further connected by N—H…N hydrogen‐bond interactions in a linear fashion to form a chain‐like arrangement. In cocrystal 1 , a Br…Br halogen bond is present, in cocrystals 2 and 3 , Cl…Cl halogen bonds are present, and in cocrystals 5 , 6 and 7 , Cl…O halogen bonds are present. In all of the ten cocrystals, π–π stacking interactions are observed. 相似文献
20.
Dieter Seebach Bernhard Jaun Radovan Sebesta RaveendraI. Mathad Oliver Flgel Michael Limbach Holger Sellner Sylvain Cottens 《Helvetica chimica acta》2006,89(9):1801-1825
Twelve peptides, 1 – 12 , have been synthesized, which consist of alternating sequences of α‐ and β‐amino acid residues carrying either proteinogenic side chains or geminal dimethyl groups (Aib). Two peptides, 13 and 14 , containing 2‐methyl‐3‐aminobutanoic acid residues or a ‘random mix’ of α‐, β2‐, and β3‐amino acid moieties were also prepared. The new compounds were fully characterized by CD (Figs. 1 and 2), and 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy, and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HR‐MS). In two cases, 3 and 14 , we discovered novel types of turn structures with nine‐ and ten‐membered H‐bonded rings forming the actual turns. In two other cases, 8 and 11 , we found 14/15‐helices, which had been previously disclosed in mixed α/β‐peptides containing unusual β‐amino acids with non‐proteinogenic side chains. The helices are formed by peptides containing the amino acid moiety Aib in every other position, and their backbones are primarily not held together by H‐bonds, but by the intrinsic conformations of the containing amino acid building blocks. The structures offer new possibilities of mimicking peptide–protein and protein–protein interactions (PPI). 相似文献