ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option. 相似文献
In a new light : The NADPH:protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) oxidoreductase (POR; see structure, green Pchlide, yellow NADPH) is a good model to investigate catalytical processes in enzymes, as its light activation allows an immediate start of the catalyzed reaction. By irradiation with weak, short laser pulses it is possible to detect conformation changes during the reaction and thus to uncover the elementary steps of the catalytic process.
The sequenced addition of RLi to nitriles, trapping with isopropylformate, and dehydration with phosphoryl chloride provides an efficient, direct synthesis of alkene isocyanides. The one‐pot sequence involves a series of carefully orchestrated steps: addition, formylation, tautomerization, and dehydration, with CuCN catalyzing a key equilibration of a formyl imine to an N‐formyl enamine. The resulting aromatic alkeneisocyanides, that are otherwise challenging to synthesize, engage in an unusual [4+2]‐type cycloaddition/1,3‐H shift/decyanation sequence to afford substituted naphthalenes. 相似文献
The rise in global demand for crucial chemical compounds has driven immense research in the fundamental science of catalysis. Graphene and its derivatives (chemically modified graphene, CMGs) have recently emerged as a new class of heterogeneous catalyst that promises economically viable and greener routes to these compounds. Although CMGs possess unique catalytic properties, the actual active sites are often points of discussion. Current minimal understanding on the possible effects of metallic impurities on the electrocatalytic performances of these CMGs calls forth the need to raise awareness on possible metallic impurities misrepresenting the actual chemical catalytic performances of the CMGs. This Minireview highlights the latest advances in the application of CMGs as catalysts, with an emphasis on the possible effects of metallic impurities on CMG catalysis. 相似文献
Novel Cashmeran odorants were designed by molecular modeling. Their short syntheses involve a novel asymmetric Brønsted acid catalyzed Michael addition of unactivated α‐substituted ketones. This key transformation was realized by utilizing a new type of enol activation catalysis and affords different cyclic ketones bearing α‐quaternary stereocenters in good to excellent yields and with high enantioselectivity. Subsequent McMurry coupling and Saegusa–Ito oxidation furnished the enantiopure target odorants, one enantiomer of which indeed possesses the typical olfactory aspects of Cashmeran. 相似文献
Molecular machines? The factors involved in and the fundamental nature of a “mechanical” action within molecular catalysis is explored in detail. Such mechanical homogeneous catalysts are rare but not unknown (see graphic). The spatial and temporal nature of their catalytic action is considered. Potential implications for mimicry of enzymes are discussed.
The reactions of iron chlorides with mesityl Grignard reagents and tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) under catalytically relevant conditions tend to yield the homoleptic “ate” complex [Fe(mes)3]? (mes=mesityl) rather than adducts of the diamine, and it is this ate complex that accounts for the catalytic activity. Both [Fe(mes)3]? and the related complex [Fe(Bn)3]? (Bn=benzyl) react faster with representative electrophiles than the equivalent neutral [FeR2(TMEDA)] complexes. FeI species are observed under catalytically relevant conditions with both benzyl and smaller aryl Grignard reagents. The X‐ray structures of [Fe(Bn)3]? and [Fe(Bn)4]? were determined; [Fe(Bn)4]? is the first homoleptic σ‐hydrocarbyl FeIII complex that has been structurally characterized. 相似文献
A simple and direct method for derivatization of solid polysaccharides is presented. The novel methodology is based on the combination of organic acid‐catalyzed esterification or etherification and photochemical thiol‐ene click derivatization of a heterogeneous polysaccharide. The solid cellulose was “organoclick” modified with aryl, alkyl and polyester groups, respectively. The modification allows for a highly modular and metal free surface modification of solid polysaccharides.
Similar enantiomeric excesses as for analogous monomeric sulfonamides are provided by the chiral resin 1 (connections to the polymer are shown as circles) when it is used as catalyst for the reductive alkylation of aromatic aldehydes and for the cyclopropanation of cinnamyl alcohol. 相似文献