大黄游离羟基蒽醌的TG—DTA和XRD谱图特征分析

中药大黄属蓼科植物,性寒味苦,是中医临床常用药物,具有攻坚破积、活血化瘀、泻火凉血、清热解毒及抗菌、抗炎、调节免疫、抗肿瘤、止血和保健等作用[1].     

中药大黄中羟基蒽醌类成分的分离

依据正交试验设计方法，研究了用乙醇和乙醚等溶剂分离中药大黄中羟基蒽醌类成分（蒽甙及游离羟基蒽醌类成分）及游离羟基蒽醌类成分的最佳分离条件，试验表明，乙醇的用量及回流次数对提取产率有很大影响，而回流时间的影响相对较小，100g大黄干粉的最佳分离条件是：用90mL95%乙醇浸润，再用150－175ml乙醇回流，回流3次，每次30－40min，即可较充分发将羟基蒽醌类成分总量的84％及游离羟基蒽醌类成分总量的82％提取出来。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定大黄药材中游离及结合型蒽醌类衍生物的含量

建立了同时测定大黄药材中蒽醌类衍生物含量的RP HPLC法。色谱柱为HypersilC1 8柱 (2 5 0mm×4 6mmi.d .,1 0 μm) ,流动相为甲醇 乙腈 水 (3∶5∶2 ,磷酸调pH 2 .8) ,流速为 1 .0mL min ,柱温为 2 5℃ ,检测波长为 2 2 5nm。在此色谱条件下 ,各组分在 2 0min内均得到良好分离。平均回收率为 98.83 %～ 1 0 0 .9% ;相对标准偏差 0 .68%～ 1 .5 8%。     

三种羟基蒽醌类药物与溶菌酶的作用及其构效关系研究

在模拟人体生理条件下,利用紫外光谱法、荧光光谱法和同步荧光光谱法结合研究三种羟基蒽醌类药物(1,2-二羟基蒽醌、1,4-二羟基蒽醌和1,8-二羟基蒽醌)与溶菌酶(LYSO)相互作用机制,并探讨其构效关系。紫外结果初步显示,三种羟基蒽醌类药物与LYSO发生相互作用。荧光结果进一步证实三种羟基蒽醌类药物均与LYSO发生结合,且对LYSO的荧光猝灭机制均为静态猝灭并伴随有非辐射能量转移。三种羟基蒽醌类药物与LYSO均存在一个结合位点,它们与LYSO形成1∶1复合物,在303K下,结合常数K分别为8.47×105、4.88×105和5.43×105L·mol-1,结合距离r分别为5.83、5.12和5.14nm,与溶菌酶作用后焓变分别为-41.2、-87.6和-39.0 kJ·mol-1,熵变分别为-22.4、-180和-19.1 J·mol-1·K-1。三种羟基蒽醌类药物与LYSO的作用力均为范德华力和氢键,且作用强弱不同,其顺序为:1,2-二羟基蒽醌1,8-二羟基蒽醌1,4-二羟基蒽醌。同步荧光法结果表明三种羟基蒽醌类药物与LYSO相互作用后均导致LYSO构象发生改变。研究结果表明,蒽醌环上羟基位置的不同对羟基蒽醌类药物与溶菌酶结合强弱有较大程度的影响。     

羟基蒽醌衍生物中羟基质子的核磁共振研究

通过对23个羟基蒽醌衍生物的质子核磁共振研究, 观察了不同取代类型羟基的化学位移范围;讨论了酚羟基乙酰化对芳环质子的化学位移影响, 为羟基取代位置的确定及芳环质子谱线归属提供了某种判据.此外, 还用HMO 法探讨了各类取代羟基的氢键强度及羰基迫位仅有一个羟基的内氢键强度与给予原子电荷密度的关系.本文报道一系列新型冠醚N,N'-双取代-1,7-二氧杂-12-冠-4(1~6), N,N' -双取代-1, 7-二氮杂-15冠-5(7~10) 及N,N'-双取代-1,10-二氮杂-18-冠-6(11~14)的质谱. 借助联动扫描和去焦技术对它们的开裂机理作了详细探讨.     

1,4—二羟蒽醌红外光谱的振动分析

测量了１，４－羟基蒽醌及其氘化物的红外光谱，用ＮＲＣＣ程序进行了振动分析，由于同时考虑了分子内与分子间的氢键，统一处理面内与面外振动，计算结果优于文献报道，并纠正了一些错误归属。     

钢渣中游离氧化镁含量的测定

研究和提出了以硝酸铵-乙醇作为提取剂提取活性氧化镁（即游离氧化镁）的分析方法。通过正交实验,选取了最佳的提取条件。样品平行测定的相对标准偏差在0.51%～2.13%之间,回收率实验结果为98.2%～99.0%,表明该实验的精密度和准确度均较好。采用硝酸铵-乙醇作为提取剂提取游离氧化镁的分析方法,实现了钢渣中游离氧化镁的快速、准确测定,为钢渣的回收再利用提供了依据。     

大黄蒽醌衍生物的高效液相色谱法测定及在家兔体内的药代动力学研究

建立了家兔血浆中大黄蒽醌衍生物的高效液相色谱测定方法,并用于含大黄单 复方制剂中蒽醌衍生物在家兔体内的药代动力学研究。血样经处理后,在μ-Bondapak C 18柱上分析,流动相为甲醇-乙腈-0.2 mol/L磷酸二氢钠溶液(体积比为27∶35.5∶37.5),磷酸调pH 2.8,检测波长为225 nm。在此色谱条件下,各蒽醌衍生物与内标1,8-二羟基蒽醌的分离度符合要求,血浆内源性成分无干扰。两种制剂灌胃后的血药浓度-时间曲线符合二室模型, 二者的AUC无显著性差异。该法灵敏 准确,适用于含大黄的     

树脂吸附法处理1,4-二羟基蒽醌生产废水的研究

本文研究了树脂吸附法处理1,4-二羟基蒽醌生产废水。结果表明,NDA-404大孔吸附脂对该废水具有良好的吸附-脱附效果。原废水中邻苯二甲酸浓度约为4700-12000mg/L,CODCr约为6800-24000mg/L,经树脂吸附处理后,邻苯二甲酸的吸附率≥99.5%,CODCr去除率≥99.5%,树脂的脱附率为100%。邻苯二甲酸的回收率≥80%,在废水有效处理的同时实现了废物资源化。     

1,5-二硝基蒽醌电化学还原制备──1,5-二氨基-4,8-二羟基蒽醌的研究(英文)

采用循环伏安法、稳态极化曲线法和恒电位电解法相结合的实验手段,研究了１,５－二硝基蒽醌（１,５－ＤＮＡ）在硫酸溶液中、汞齐化铜电极上阴极还原制备１,５－二氨基－４,８－二羟基蒽醌（１,５－ＤＡ－４,８－ＤＨＡ）的电化学反应性能．结果表明：在１２．７５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４和１４０℃温度下,１,５－ＤＮＡ在汞齐化铜阴极表面上具有反应物强吸附和不可逆随后化学反应的特征．电解最后的产物经红外光谱测定为１,５－二氨基－４,８－二羟基蒽醌,平均电流效率为７８％,产率为７２％．１,５－ＤＮＡ直接电化学还原的行为与电极材料、酸浓度、添加剂、反应物浓度等有关．     

Thermal Characterization and Decomposition Kinetics of Free Anthraquinones from Rhubarb

Rhubarb is an important Chinese traditional medicine and its genins such as aloe-emodin have been widely used in the field of antibacterial, antivirus, antitumor and antibacterial immunity1,2. Chrysophanol and physcion are the effective components for dec…     

Thermal Degradation and Kinetics of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Organoclay Nanocomposites

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Cloisite30B (PHB/30B) nanocomposites were prepared by solution-intercalation method. The influence of 30B content on the thermal stability of PHB was investigated. With the addition of 3 wt. % of 30B the highest thermal stability of PHB was achieved. The kinetic analysis of the non-isothermal degradation was performed using the isoconversional Friedman method and invariant kinetic parameters method.     

Stability studies on nifedipine tablets using thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry

A formulation of nifedipine tablets was prepared in the present research. The tablets were conditioned in amber-colored glass containers and placed in a climatized room at 40°C and relative humidity of 75% for 180 days. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG) were used in order to evaluate the thermal properties of nifedipine, the excipients and two well-known nifedipine degradation products. The results demonstrated that there is no evidence on the interaction between nifedipine and excipients, or degradation products.     

Thermal Characterization of Dolomites

The decomposition behaviour of dolomite samples has been carried out by simultaneous DTA-TG experiments. Dolomite samples could be classified broadly into two categories as regular and iron-bearing dolomites based on DTA decomposition temperatures. The mass% FeO of all the dolomite samples was identified by DTA and the results are confirmed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer experiments. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

虎杖中主要蒽醌的提取分离及HPLC分析测定

高压液相色谱法;虎杖中主要蒽醌的提取分离及HPLC分析测定     

Dependence of Thermal Stability of an Engine Lubricating Oil on Usage Period

Mineral oil type lubricating oils have an important role in reducing engine wear. But after some period, depending on the oil quality, oil replacement is needed since the oil loses its properties. In this paper, an engine oil was tested in a 1300 cc engine car and the change of the thermal stability of the collected portions of oil at different usage periods were experimented by TG/DTG and DSC techniques. Results show that, as usage period increases lubricating oil contains more of the light components that distill at low temperatures. The increase in the peak maximum temperature, T_max, of the DTG, as usage period increases, proposes that the molecular mass of the oil increase, which presumably changes the viscosity characteristics. Moreover as the usage period increases some residue type components, which only can be destroyed at very high temperatures, are produced in oil phase. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Thermal characteristics of novel NaH2PO4/NaHSO4 flame retardant system for polyurethane foams

The thermal decomposition of iminodiacetic, oxydiacetic, and thiodiacetic acids in helium atmosphere has been studied by means of thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and temperature-programmed pyrolysis directly coupled with mass spectrometry (TPPy-MS). Evolved gas analysis (EGA) profiles of iminodiacetic and oxydiacetic acids were obtained and compared with TG and DTA profiles. The decomposition of iminodiacetic acid forms water, CO, CO₂, CH₃CN, HCN and some hydrocarbons. After water evolution a cyclic anhydride is formed, as well as for oxydiacetic acid. Thiodiacetic acid vaporizes without decomposition.     

Thermal Characteristics of Australian Sedimentary Opals

Naturally occurring opals from three different regions in Australia were studied for their thermal characteristics. All the opals showed initial expansion followed by contraction in thermomechanical analysis (TMA) although the temperature at which the change from expansion to contraction occurred depended on their provenance. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) revealed different rates and temperatures of dehydration for these opals. A general correlation between the temperature at which there was a zero thermal expansion and that of the maximum rate of dehydration was observed. A dehydration–sintering mechanism is proposed with the effect of sintering being more pronounced following total dehydration. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.