Polysaccharides of Ungernia. XVII. Study of a mannan from bulbs of Ungernia oligostroma

A mannan having a linear structure and containing -1 4-bound D-mannopyranose residues in the chain has been isolated from the bulbs ofUngernia oligostroma M. Pop et Vved. X-ray and electron microscope studies have been made of the mannan and its derivatives. From the x-radiographic point of view the mannan and its derivatives are amorphous. At the supermolecular level the mannan possesses an amorphous finely disperse structure with loose packing of the particles. In the acylated mannan a tendency to the formation of the characteristic laminar structure elements are observed. Such laminae may be fairly thin (down to a thickness of 0.1–0.3 µm).Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 327–330, May–June, 1989.     

Polysaccharides ofUngernia. VI. A mannan from the bulbs ofUngernia vvedenskyi

The results of a study of the structure of ungeromannan-V fromUngernia vvedenskii Khamidkh by oxidation with chromic oxide and with sodium periodate and by methylation have shown that the monosaccharide residues in it are linked by β-1 → 4 glycosidic bonds. The macromolecule of ungeromannan-V has slight branching.     

Polysaccharides ofUngernia. VI. A mannan from the bulbs ofUngernia vvedenskyi

The results of a study of the structure of ungeromannan-V fromUngernia vvedenskii Khamidkh by oxidation with chromic oxide and with sodium periodate and by methylation have shown that the monosaccharide residues in it are linked by -1 4 glycosidic bonds. The macromolecule of ungeromannan-V has slight branching.Deceased.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 770–775, November–December, 1980.     

Polysaccharides ofUngernia. VII. Partial hydrolysis of the mannan of the bulbs ofU. vvedenskyi

4-O--D-Manopyranosyl-D-mannose, O--D-mannopyranosyl-(l4)-O--D-mannopyranosyl-(14)-D-mannose, and 0--D-mannopyranosyl-(14)-O--D-mannopyranosyl-(l4)-O--D-mannopyranosyl-(l4)-D-mannose have been isolated fron the products of the partial hydrolysis of ungeromannan-V, obtained fron the bulbs ofUngernia vvedneskyi, and have been identified. This set of oligosaccharides confirms the regular structure of the carbohydrate chain of ungeromannan-V, which consists of a linear sequence of -14-bound D-mannose residues.DeceasedTranslated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedineii, No. 4, pp. 434–436, July–August, 1981.     

Polysaccharides of iridaceae IV. A xyloglucogalactan of the bulbs of Juno drepanophylla

Polysaccharides (WSPSs, PSs, and HMCs) have been isolated from various organs ofJuno Drepanophylla and their qualitative compositions have been characterized. ESPS-I from the bulbs has been studied and has proved to be a polydisperse high-molecular-weight and branched amyloid. In its physicochemical properties and composition, WSPS-I is close to amyloids of the first class known from the literature. On the basis of the results of methylation, oxidation with chromium trioxide, and IR and¹³C NMR spectra, it has been established that the glucopyranose residues are linked with one another by β-(1 → 4) bonds, and the xylo and galactopyranose residues by α(1 → 4) bonds with the C-6 position of the glucose residue.     

Polysaccharides of iridaceae IV. A xyloglucogalactan of the bulbs of Juno drepanophylla

Polysaccharides (WSPSs, PSs, and HMCs) have been isolated from various organs ofJuno Drepanophylla and their qualitative compositions have been characterized. ESPS-I from the bulbs has been studied and has proved to be a polydisperse high-molecular-weight and branched amyloid. In its physicochemical properties and composition, WSPS-I is close to amyloids of the first class known from the literature. On the basis of the results of methylation, oxidation with chromium trioxide, and IR and¹³C NMR spectra, it has been established that the glucopyranose residues are linked with one another by -(1 4) bonds, and the xylo and galactopyranose residues by (1 4) bonds with the C-6 position of the glucose residue.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 410–415, July–August, 1986.     

Polysaccharides of Saponin-Bearing Plants. XIV. Structural Study of Glucoarabinogalactan from Acanthophyllum pungens Roots

The structure of the polysaccharide glucoarabinogalactan, which is a branched polysaccharide, was established by chemical and spectral methods. Its main chain consists of -16-bound galactopyranose units. Galactopyranose atoms C-2 and C-3 act as branching points. The side chains contain galactopyranose, glucopyranose, and chains of -(13)-bound arabinopyranose units. The linear structures of three galactooligosaccharides were identified and proved by partial acid hydrolysis.     

A polarographic investigation of the alkaloids of Ungernia

Summary In the investigation of the polarographic behavior of nine ungerine alkaloids, it was found that the reduction of narwedine forms the corresponding carbinol, while the reduction of hippeastrine, ungerine, and unsevine forms the corresponding tetrahydro derivatives. The catalytic hydrogen waves that all the ungerine alkaloids form can be used for analytical purposes.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 365–367, May–June, 1976.     

Steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Allium karataviense.

Chemical examination of the bulbs of Allium karataviense led to the isolation of five new spirostanol saponins (7-11) and a new furostanol saponin (12), together with a known steroidal sapogenin (1) and five known saponins (2-6). The structures of the new saponins were determined by detailed analysis of their spectral data, including two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The steroidal saponins produced by A. karataviense, except for 5 and 6, were found to be based upon (25R)-5 alpha-spirostane-2 alpha,3 beta,5,6 beta-tetrol (alliogenin) and contain a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety with the formation of an O-glycoside linkage to C-2 of the polyhydroxylated steroidal skeleton as the common structural feature. The isolated compounds were evaluated for cytostatic activity against human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.