L波段微波脉冲对微型计算机的辐照效应实验

 在L波段使用1.3 GHz载波频率的微波脉冲辐照微型计算机主板,通过改变脉冲宽度、重复频率和脉冲串长度等参数,实验研究了微波脉冲辐照导致微型计算机失去响应的功率阈值的变化规律,讨论了L波段微波脉冲辐射的积累效应。实验结果表明：当微波脉冲宽度增加时,微波功率阈值下降;当微波脉冲重复频率升高时,微波功率阈值呈下降趋势;在固定重复频率的条件下,微波脉冲数目的增加也会导致微波功率阈值的下降;微波脉冲功率阈值始终小于连续波微波的功率阈值。当微波脉冲间隔时间较长或者脉冲宽度较宽时,微波功率阈值由单个微波脉冲的参数确定,与脉冲重复频率没有明显关系。利用假设的微波脉冲辐射积累效应,可以定性解释和分析微波脉冲辐照微型计算机实验中功率阈值变化的趋势。     

Switching Dynamic Analysis for Twin-Core Fibre Coupler Using Supermode Theory

Characteristics of optical switching in a twin-core fibre coupler are numerically analysed under short pulse input by using supermode theory. The dynamic nonlinear coupled superlnode equations are derived, The numerical results show that the input pulse width determines the power transfer and the pulse temporal profile in the output ports. The optimal switching characteristics can be obtained by selecting an appropriate initial pulse width. In addition, the switching characteristic curves are insensitive to the input pulse shape for either fundamental soliton pulse or Gaussian pulse input, but sensitive to pulse sharpness. A reduced switching power and a sharper switching transition can be obtained by using the sharp super-Gaussian pulse.     

基于脉冲形成线充电的脉冲压缩技术

利用脉冲压缩技术,将具有一定初始电压的高阻抗长脉冲形成线对低阻抗短脉冲形成线充电到一定值时,其输出开关导通,在其后的传输线上可以产生高功率短脉冲。给出了脉冲压缩理论分析;前级脉冲驱动源采用GW级纳秒脉冲形成线,其特性阻抗为40Ω、电长度为3.9ns,输出脉冲宽度约8ns;研制了与前级脉冲驱动源匹配的脉冲压缩装置和变阻抗传输线,考虑到脉冲压缩装置低阻抗形成线绝缘击穿和开关导通限制,选取脉压装置形成线特性阻抗6.5Ω、电长度0.5ns。利用GW级纳秒脉冲驱动源开展了脉冲压缩实验,得到了输出功率增益达4倍左右的脉宽1.5ns高功率短脉冲,输出脉冲功率增益与理论值基本相符。     

水介质同轴线型方波脉冲延时线

 介绍了水介质同轴型方波脉冲延时线的基本原理和基本特性参数,并对延时线传输脉冲的脉冲损耗和脉冲畸变的主要影响因素进行了理论分析。在理论分析的基础上,设计、建立了一套延迟500 ns、阻抗为12 Ω的水介质同轴线型方波脉冲延时线,并进行了初步的实验研究。实验结果表明:该延时线输入方波脉冲前沿为18 ns,输出方波脉冲前沿增加到26 ns;方波脉冲幅度损耗率为9.6%;延迟时间为476 ns。     

负载配置对进入射频管热丝脉冲能量的影响

大功率高压脉冲变压器次级双绕组灯丝馈电时，两绕组平衡不良及负载不对称配置可能引起脉冲能量严重进入射频管热丝，影响进入热丝脉冲能量的因素有负载配置方式，两绕组平衡程度，脉冲宽度及幅度，平衡电容的大小，等效灯丝阻抗及脉冲变压器本身的有关参数等，其中主要因素为负载配置方式。定量分析表明：负载对称配置具有明显的优越性；     

Propagation Characteristics of Infrared Pulse Waves through Windblown Sand and Dust Atmosphere

The physics characteristics of the windblown sand and dust atmosphere at the sand bench of Yellow River in China are discussed. The pulse distortion and time delay of infrared nanosecond pulse propagating through the atmosphere having sand and dust particles are investigated at 1.06 and 3.8 μm, respectively. It is shown that the delay of 10 ns laser pulse propagating through 5 km windblown sand and dust atmosphere are over 1 ns and 10 ns at 1.06 and 3.8 μm, respectively. The pulse spread increases slightly with wavelength increase. The pulse spread of a 10 ns laser pulse is over 40 ns at 3.8 μm. The pulse delay and spread increase rapidly with the sand particle density increasing in atmosphere. The narrower the pulse width is, the more the pulse distortion is. Hence, at infrared band, for a laser pulse propagating in sand and dust atmosphere, the pulse delay and spread are quite severe and need be taken into account for a narrower pulse laser system.     

高功率钕玻璃啁啾脉冲放大系统光谱整形

增益窄化效应限制了啁啾脉冲放大系统输出的最短脉冲宽度,需要对注入放大系统的种子啁啾脉冲进行光谱整形,以保证放大后的啁啾脉冲光具有足够的带宽并满足特定的光谱分布.理论上假定放大后啁啾脉冲的光谱分布为高斯分布或超高斯分布,对"百焦耳级钕玻璃啁啾脉冲放大系统"进行逆运算.研究发现,所需种子啁啾光的能量、带宽以及压缩后脉冲的信噪比都与该分布密切相关.通过光谱整形,使放大后的啁啾脉冲光的光谱分布为二阶超高斯分布.能够获得小于400 fs高信噪比的超短脉冲输出,此时所需种子啁啾脉冲能量仅为33μJ,带宽14 nm,在装置前级注入能力的范围之内.为百焦耳装置光谱整形实验的开展提供了理论指导.     

Linking NMR pulse sequences: derivative relation between the responses of two pulse sequences

Examples are shown of how the derivative of the response of an NMR pulse sequence with respect to a variable in that pulse sequence can be obtained by another pulse sequence. This approach holds the potential of being a tool for discovery of new pulse sequences or a means of understanding how some pulse sequences are related to each other.     

重频超宽带脉冲干扰低噪声放大器

理论分析和仿真研究了重频超宽带脉冲对低噪声放大器(LNA)的干扰特征,给出了高斯脉冲幅度、脉宽及重频等参数对LNA干扰效果的规律,对工作于40~80MHz频段的接收机LNA开展了相关验证实验。结果表明:干扰特征主要由LNA工作频带和脉冲参数决定;不同脉冲参数对干扰的效果影响不同,脉冲幅值的影响最显著;在验证实验研究的参数范围内,增大高斯脉冲幅度、脉宽和重频均有利于增强对LNA的干扰效果。     

The study of the wake field effects on the self-focusing and the compression of the laser pulse in plasma at the relativistic regime by Lagrangian method

The trial function in the variational-Lagrangian method is a fundamental method to explain the essential features of the laser pulse evolution in the plasma. Self-focusing behavior and compression of the laser pulse in plasma are analyzed, for both low and high intensity regimes. It is shown that the compression threshold depends on both pulse intensity and pulse length. In particular, in both regimes, the compression threshold is directly proportional to the pulse length. This is while this threshold is directly, in the linear regime, and inversely, in the nonlinear regime, proportional to pulse intensity. In the present work, the existence of oscillations is revealed, with a behavior akin to laser pulse width. Finally, the effects of pulse intensity, pulse length, and plasma density on compression are analyzed.     

适用于探地雷达应用的低振铃单周期脉冲发生器

设计了一种新型的适用于道路检测探地雷达的单周期脉冲发生器。该脉冲发生器包含驱动电路、阶跃恢复二极管(SRD)脉冲形成电路和脉冲整形电路三部分。驱动电路可以使TTL形式的触发脉冲变为电流更大的快前沿脉冲,用来形成给后级电路的驱动脉冲;SRD脉冲产生电路选取渡越时间较小的阶跃恢复二极管结构,通过对前级电路产生的驱动脉冲整形得到负极性高斯脉冲,然后利用微带短路线、肖特基二极管和电容并联实现生成单周期脉冲和振铃抑制的功能,提高超宽带天线辐射的效率以及测量信噪比。测量结果表明,在1 MHz脉冲重复频率的情况下,峰峰值最大为23 V,脉冲半高宽为138 ps,振铃水平为1.25%,而当脉冲重复频率提高到5 MHz,该脉冲发生器产生脉冲波形幅度和带宽基本没有太大变化。这些特征说明,该脉冲发生器具有很高的频率稳定性,且在高分辨率探测应用情景中将会有很好的表现。     

Single attosecond pulse generation from asymmetric molecules with a multicycle laser pulse

A new scheme for single attosecond pulse generation from asymmetric molecules with a multicycle laser pulse is proposed. It is shown that both even and odd harmonics are generated from the asymmetric molecules, and the attosecond pulses are produced every full cycle of the driving laser field rather than each half-cycle. By filtering the harmonics in the cutoff of the spectrum, a single attosecond pulse can be obtained with a multicycle laser pulse with a duration of 2 times longer than the few-cycle pulse conventionally used.     

Intermediate Self-similar Solutions of the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with an Arbitrary Longitudinal Gain Profile

We study pulse propagation in a normal-dispersion optical fibre amplifier with an arbitrary longitudinal gain profile by self-similarity techniques. We show the functional form of the development of low-amplitude wings on the parabolic pulse, which are associated with the evolution of an arbitrary input pulse to the asymptotic parabolic pulse solution. It is found that for the increasing gain the amplifier output corresponding to the input Gaussian pulse converges to the asymptotic parabolic pulse solution more quickly than the output obtained with the input hyperbolic secant pulse, whereas for the decreasing gain the input pulse profiles have nearly no effect on the speed of convergence to the parabolic pulse solution. These theoretical results are confirmed by numerical simulations.     

Distortion of ultrashort laser pulses in a spatial filter

By means of Collins diffraction integral, the propagation expression of an ultrashort laser pulse passing through a spatial filter is derived. The effects of the magnification of spatial filter on pulse broadening and distortion of pulse-front for the ultrashort optical pulse are analytically deduced and numerically simulated. It is found that pulse broadening and propagation time difference of a laser pulse getting through spatial filter is proportional to the magnification. As a conclusion, in an ultrashort pulse laser system with a large aperture, the effect of pulse broadening and distortion of pulse-front should be considered.     

螺旋脉冲形成线实验研究

 设计了一种用于长脉冲功率源研究的Blumlein型螺旋脉冲形成线。该形成线主要是将铜带绕在绝缘衬筒上形成螺旋形结构,以蓖麻油为介质,匝数为3.5匝每m,充电时间为1 μs,负载为电子束二极管。给出了形成线参数的理论计算公式以及实验研究结果。在300 kV脉冲功率源上得到的脉冲延迟为200 ns,特征阻抗约100 Ω,形成的脉冲半高宽为180 ns,前沿15 ns,平顶宽度150 ns。实验证明该螺旋脉冲形成线结构能够有效地延长形成脉冲的宽度。最后分析了开关电感、充电时间以及螺旋形结构对形成线输出脉冲前沿及平顶畸变的影响。结果表明：较小的主开关电感是形成较陡的脉冲前沿的关键,获得好的脉冲波形应选择适当的充电周期,螺旋形结构容易导致色散产生,需要选取适当的螺旋角。     

单个飞秒激光作用下熔融石英的微爆阈值研究

对飞秒激光脉冲在透明介质中产生微爆的物理机制进行了研究,比较了长短激光脉冲的光击穿机制,基于Fokker-Planck方程建立了飞秒激光微爆模型,给出了飞秒激光脉冲在透明介质中产生微爆的阈值解析表达式.针对飞秒激光脉冲在熔石英介质中的微爆阈值进行了计算,得到的结果与实验结果基本相符.     

多路激光装置同步技术研究

 多路激光装置同步系统包括精密同步机和数字同步机两种单元技术,它们具有四路延时脉冲（A、B、C、D）和一路标准时钟脉冲（T₀）输出,精密同步机延时同步精度为10ps, 最大触发晃动小于10ps,延时范围200ns;数字同步机：延时同步精度为5ps, 最大触发晃动小于200ps,延时范围10ms。     

几周期余弦-高斯激光脉冲的时间重心

研究了几周期超短余弦-高斯脉冲的时间重心与绝对相位以及与余弦函数参量之间的关系．给出了几周期超短余弦-高斯脉冲时间重心的解析表达式和模拟图形．结果表明，余弦-高斯脉冲的时间重心随着绝对相位的变化而发生漂移，并且脉冲宽度对余弦-高斯脉冲时间重心的漂移量也有一定的影响．余弦函数的参量在一定取值范围内对余弦-高斯脉冲也有较大的影响，它可能导致几周期余弦-高斯脉冲的时间重心有较大的漂移．     

On the relation between retarded and advanced arrival of a pulse at the output of an optical system

It is shown that the possibility of negative delay time of a pulse at the output of an optical system (compared to the pulse at its input) is a necessary consequence of the possibility of positive delay time of the pulse and the superposition principle. In particular, two optical systems with different positive delay times are sufficient for creating an optical system with a negative delay time. The negative delay time of a pulse can be considered as a spline extrapolation of its time dependence resulting from the interference of several copies of the pulse with different delays. It is shown that a negative delay time of a pulse arises necessarily in any interferometer in an area of destructive interference of two copies of the initial pulse that are similar in amplitude and undergo different delay times.