荧光聚合物研究进展

本文总结了近年来荧光聚合物的研究进展,主要介绍了荧光聚合物的分类：按其溶解性能可分为非水溶性、水溶性和两亲荧光聚合物三大类;荧光聚合物的合成：荧光化合物为引发剂、荧光化合物为链转移剂、荧光功能单体聚合、荧光化合物与聚合物的化学键合、非荧光功能单体聚合等五种制备荧光聚合物的设计合成方法;荧光聚合物的应用：荧光聚合物在荧光化学传感器、荧光分子温度计、荧光造影、药物载体、荧光探针等方面的应用研究。     

手术导航用荧光探针

荧光成像技术因具有操作简便、分辨率高、安全性好且可实时成像等优势,在术中导航中具有广阔的应用前景.虽然目前还没有靶向荧光探针在临床上得到批准,但已经有相当一部分荧光探针进入了临床试验阶段.最早进入临床试验的是一些偶联肿瘤靶向配体的荧光染料,例如近红外菁染料(IRDye800CW)标记的肿瘤特异抗体,叶酸标记的异硫氰酸荧...     

Yellow-green fluorescent carbon dots as fluorescent/colorimetric dual-mode probe for the detection of pH value and its application in fluorescent paintingEI北大核心CSCD

Yellow-green fluorescent carbon dotsY-G-CDswas used as a fluorescent/colorimetric dual-mode nanoprobe for the detection of pH value in solution and fluorescent painting. The fluorescent intensity and absorbance of the nanoprobe showed strong pH dependence. The fluorescent intensity at 520 nm and the ratio of absorbance at 438 and 386 nm showed good linear relationships with the pH valuein the ranges of pH 5.9-7.7 and pH 5.9-8.0respectively. As a fluorescent nanoprobeY-G-CDs had good photo stability at pH 5.96.8 and 8.0and good reversibility between pH 5.9 and pH 7.7. The detection of pH value of solution was not affected by other interfering substances. In additionthe Y-G-CDs with excellent fluorescent performance have been successfully applied in fluorescent painting as a fluorescent ink. Under the irradiation of 365 nm UV lightthe drawing image emitted bright green fluorescence with clear outline. © 2022, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

苯并咪唑衍生物的“关-开”型连续性荧光探针检测Cu2+和S2O72-

以胺甲基苯并咪唑和水杨醛为原料设计合成了一个苯并咪唑衍生物荧光探针,通过荧光分光光度法和紫外分光光度法探寻其对常见阴阳离子的选择性识别性能。研究结果表明,Cu2+对合成得到的苯并咪唑衍生物具有荧光猝灭——"关"的作用,而S2O72-对该荧光猝灭体系具有荧光恢复——"开"的作用。据此,提出了具有实现对Cu2+,S2O72-的荧光"关-开"型探针.     

Fluorescent assemblies: Synergistic of amphiphilic molecules and fluorescent elements

In recent years, fluorescent assemblies based amphiphilic molecules have gained attention as unique and powerful materials for multiple applications that cover sensors, optoelectronics and bioimaging because of amphiphilic molecules self-assembly with outstanding flexibility and diversity spanning assembly structure from micelles, vesicles and nano-assemblies to gels. Weak and noncovalent interactions are important driving force for assemblies. The combination of the structural characteristics of self-assembly and the fluorescent properties of the fluorescent building element render the fluorescent material versatility and their easy-to-tune properties. Amphiphilic molecules can be used as building elements to co-assemble with dye molecules, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) gens, fluorescent nanoparticles and new amphiphilic molecules containing fluorescent groups can also be designed and prepared with self-assembly capability. Concomitantly, the improvement of fluorescence performance including fluorescence intensity, quantum yield, stability and controllability during assembly proved outstanding properties of fluorescence assemblies. These promising fluorescent assemblies are by far not exhaustive in construction method and mechanism explanation but foreshadow their more potential applications. Here, we will understand deeper the fluorescent assemblies and inspire future developments and applications employing this emerging fluorescence soft materials.     

Preparation of Micron-size Functional Fluorescent Microspheres

As a kind of special functional microspheres, fluorescent polymer microspheres could be used in cell label and separation, blood flow assay, flow cytometer marking, chemical reaction assay,and in analyst of the transform and diffusion of particles in soil 1. However, one of the most important applications of fluorescent microspheres is in the high-throughput screening of drugs (HTS) 2. Through affinity interaction, radioactive ligands (latent drugs) are bound to fluorescent microspheres covered by receptor, and luminescence is produced by radioactivity, so ligands can be assayed and screened.In this study, we developed a technique for preparing micron-size fluorescent microspheres with different functional groups. The methods included the synthesis of micron-size polystyrene microspheres through the dispersion polymerization of styrene in different media such as ethanol,ethanol-water, and isopropanol; the functional polystyrene microspheres were prepared by introduction of functional monomers into the reaction system of styrene; the functional fluorescent microspheres were obtained by the way of dying functional microspheres in the fluorescent material's ethanol solvent.The average diameter of microspheres was in the range of 1～10 μm, and the distribution was normal distribution. The functional groups included -OH, -CHO, -COOH, -CONH2, and SO3H. The absorbing spectrum and exciting spectrum were tested, the results showed that the maximal absorbance of fluorescent microsphere was near 306.5 nm, and its maximal excitation was near 362 nm. The excitation spectrum of fluorescent material (DPO) and fluorescent microspheres were shown in figure 1, and it indicated that the developed fluorescent microspheres showed the same excitation behavior like DPO, which related to the fluorescent microspheres had stable luminescence property.     

Building fluorescent sensors by template polymerization: the preparation of a fluorescent sensor for D-fructose

[formula: see text] The application of molecular imprinting in making fluorescent sensors has been hampered by the lack of suitable fluorescent tags, which would respond to the binding event with significant fluorescence intensity changes. We have designed and synthesized a fluorescent monomer which allows for the preparation of fluorescent sensors of cis diols using molecular imprinting methods. This monomer was used for the preparation of sensitive fluorescent sensors for D-fructose.     

用荧光葡聚糖研究大麦细胞电融合

利用阴离子表面活性物质荧光葡聚糖 (F DX)研究了表面活性物质对大麦细胞电融合的影响 .结果表明 ,F DX可抑制电融合过程 .对放置过大麦细胞原生质体的F DX溶液 ,在荧光显微镜下可观察到其膜表面的荧光圈 ,证明F DX在膜上的吸附 .添加F DX可增加原生质体的电泳速度 ,说明吸附后原生质体表面负电荷增多 .由于相互间静电斥力的增强 ,使细胞的电融合率下降 .此外 ,还利用荧光显微技术研究了细胞电生孔现象 .观察到经电脉冲后溶液中的F DX可进入原生质体内部 ,间接证明了细胞电生孔的存在 .     

荧光蛋白结构改造及其生物传感应用

荧光蛋白自发现以来,因其具有基因编码、可以自主发出稳健荧光的特点,在生命科学领域中发挥着重要作用.随着对荧光蛋白的结构和功能有了更清晰的认识,在蛋白质工程技术和有机合成迅速发展的基础上,科研工作者可以对荧光蛋白的结构进行设计改造和模拟,赋予其新的性质和功能,扩宽其在生物传感、生物成像等生命领域的应用.本文以绿色荧光蛋白的结构改造为主线,从局部结构改变、桶状结构重构和表面重构等不同层面阐述了荧光蛋白结构改造的方法以及荧光蛋白模拟物的研究进展,并介绍了这些荧光蛋白及其模拟物在生物领域的代表性应用.     

Recognition of myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate using a fluorescent imidazolium receptor

The first example of an imidazolium-based fluorescent receptor for D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) is reported in this study. The fluorescent receptor 1 bearing four imidazolium and pyrene groups displayed a large fluorescent quenching effect with myo-IP(3) compared to fluorescent changes with various IP series, pyrophosphate, and ATP.     

Highly efficient quenching of nanoparticles for the detection of electron‐deficient nitroaromatics

Reported herein is the highly efficient quenching of fluorescent organic nanoparticles by 2,4‐dinitrotoluene and 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene. These fluorescent nanoparticles are formed from the hydrophobic collapse of fluorescent polymer chains and display quenching efficiencies that are in line with the highest reported literature values. Moreover, the fluorescent quenching occurs only for the fluorescent nanoparticles, and not for the precursor polymer solutions, which display marked insensitivity to the presence of nitroaromatics. This aggregation‐dependent fluorescent quenching has numerous applications for the detection of small‐molecule electron‐deficient analytes. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013 , 51, 4150–4155     

A New ESIPT Fluorescent Dye-Doped Silica Aerogel

Summary: A silyl-functionalized benzazole dye, fluorescent by excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism, was synthesized by reacting 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole with 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate. The fluorescent silica gel was prepared by the addition of a solution of 2-propanol and the fluorescent dye after the gelation time. The monolithic aerogel was obtained via supercritical CO₂ drying of the fluorescent gel. The resulting aerogel is transparent in the visible light and fluorescent in the blue-green region under UV radiation.     

基于苯并咪唑衍生物的“关-开”型连续性荧光探针

以胺甲基苯并咪唑和水杨醛为原料设计合成了一个苯并咪唑衍生物荧光探针,通过荧光分光光度法和紫外分光光度法探寻其对常见阴阳离子的选择性识别性能。研究结果表明,Cu2 对合成得到的苯并咪唑衍生物具有荧光猝灭-“关”的作用,而S2O72-对该荧光猝灭体系具有荧光恢复-“开”的作用。据此,提出了具有实现对Cu2 、S2O72-的荧光“关-开”型探针。     

信号肽功能化二氧化硅纳米颗粒的线粒体靶向作用研究

以N-(p-Maleimidophenyl)isocyanate(PMPI)为交联剂, 将线粒体信号肽分子共价修饰到二氧化硅荧光纳米颗粒表面, 构建线粒体信号肽功能化二氧化硅荧光纳米颗粒. 采用荧光分光光度计、Zeta电位仪以及透射电子显微镜对修饰前后的二氧化硅纳米颗粒进行了表征. 结果表明, 信号肽可被成功修饰在纳米颗粒表面, 并且纳米颗粒粒径在信号肽分子修饰前后没有发生明显变化. 以分离纯化的细胞核作为对照, 采用流式细胞术考察了信号肽功能化二氧化硅荧光纳米颗粒与分离纯化后的线粒体的相互作用. 结果表明, 线粒体信号肽修饰到二氧化硅纳米颗粒表面后依然保持良好的生物活性, 能够介导二氧化硅纳米颗粒特异性识别及结合分离纯化的线粒体, 从而为线粒体监测及其功能调控研究提供了新的思路.     

荧光标记DNA高分辨电感耦合等离子质谱定量分析

建立了基于磷元素测量的高分辨电感耦合等离子质谱定量荧光标记DNA的分析方法,该方法定量测量结果可以溯源到国际基本单位（SI）。采用柱层析、超速离心、透析的技术对样品进行纯化,用芯片电泳和电导率测试仪对其进行了纯度检验。然后利用优化后的微波消解方法对荧光标记DNA样品进行了消解处理。从射频功率、等离子气流速、辅助气流速、雾化气流速、采样深度、获取时间等方面对高分辨电感耦合等离子质谱测量条件进行了优化,从物理性干扰、内标、同位素、元素形态等方面对测量进行了校正。利用优化后的方法对荧光标记DNA样品进行了定量测量,从方法的精密度、标准物质、样品称量、标准和样品稀释等方面进行了定量测量结果不确定度的评估。测量结果的扩展不确定度为8.28%(k=2),远优于现在常规的紫外、荧光、色谱测量核酸含量的不确定度。该方法可用于核酸含量标准物质的定值分析。     

荧光碳点探针的合成、性质及其在生物成像中的应用

荧光碳点探针是近几年来发展起来的一种新型荧光探针，具有传统有机染料、荧光染色蛋白及一般荧光纳米材料无法比拟的独特优势，如具有良好的水溶性、化学惰性、低毒性、易于功能化、抗光漂白性、可调谐和生物相容性等优异性能，因而引起研究者的广泛关注。目前已发展水热法等近十种较为经济便捷的方法，可进行大规模的荧光碳点制备，在细胞功能研究及细胞表面和内部功能分子的探测、组织的成像、病菌的定位等方面得到了较为广泛的应用。笔者对近年来荧光碳点的合成方法、依赖于碳点尺寸和波长等性质的发光性能，以及荧光碳点在生物成像等方面的应用作一简要综述，并对其在药用植物病理方面的应用提出展望，期望为丰富荧光碳点在生物成像领域的应用提供一定的借鉴和参考。     

荧光染料探针分子对变异细胞的识别

介绍了变异细胞的结构特征、细胞识别与荧光标记技术以及荧光染料探针分子标记细胞的方式。简述了荧光染料探针分子用于变异细胞组织的标记与识别的研究新进展。并针对目前荧光染料探针分子的应用现状,分析了未来的发展趋势,包括增强荧光染料探针分子与人体组织的相容性、靶向性,提高其灵敏度,降低毒性等的方法和途径。简述了固相合成分离技术用于探针分子的制备与纯化的优越性。     

氨肽酶N荧光探针的研究进展

氨肽酶N(aminopeptidase N,APN)是一种外肽酶,广泛存在于哺乳动物体内,可从蛋白质多肽链的N末端水解中性或碱性氨基酸,在人体中具有多种重要的生理功能。APN可作为癌症诊断的标志物,尿液中APN也可作为肾小球肾炎的早期生物标志物。本文综述了APN荧光探针的研究进展,主要包括亲和力型APN荧光探针和反应型APN荧光探针,并对它们的优缺点进行了比较;最后对APN荧光探针的发展前景进行了展望。     

Universal fluorescent labeling of amplification products using locked nucleic acids

Amplification/hybridization‐based genetic analyses using primers containing locked nucleic acids (LNAs) present many benefits. Here, we developed a novel design for universal fluorescent PCR using LNAs. Universal fluorescent PCR generates intermediate nonlabeled fragments and final fluorescent fragments in a two‐step amplification process that uses locus‐specific primers with universal tails and universal fluorescent primers. In this study, a few standard nucleotides were replaced with LNAs only in the fluorescent universal primers. The sequence of the fluorescent universal primer significantly affected the amplification efficiency. For primers with three LNAs, the fluorescent primers with stable M13(‐47) sequences provided the most efficient signal (approximately tenfold higher than the primers with M13(‐21) sequences at lower Tm values). Moreover, AT‐rich LNA substitutions in the fluorescent primers produced much lower amplification efficiencies than GC‐rich substitutions. GC‐rich LNAs produced greater differences in Tm values among primers, and resulted in the preferential production of fluorescently labeled amplicons. The specificity and sensitivity of LNA‐containing fluorescent primers were assessed by genotyping eight STRs in Japanese individuals, and full STR profiles could be generated using as little as 0.25 ng of genomic DNA. The method permitted clear discrimination of alleles and represents sensitive STR genotyping at a reduced cost.     

Novel Coumarin-based Fluorescent Probe for Selective Detection of Bisulfite Anion in Water

Coumarins and its analogues have been widely used as chromophore in design of fluorescent probe, while less coumarin‐based fluorescent probe was reported for detection of anion in water. In this article, coumarin‐based fluorescent probes with salicylaldehyde functionality as recognition unit have been developed for selective detection of bisulfite anions in water. Four novel fluorescent probes were synthesized from 4‐haloresorcinol in three steps. The chemoprobe exhibited selective response to bisulfite over other anions. Moreover, the detection mechanism was studied. Upon bisulfite added, the fluorescent intensity of the probes was enhanced highly due to the nucleophilic addition reaction of formyl group with bisulfite anion.