蓝宝石基片上制备双面Tl_2Ba_2CaCu_2O_8超导薄膜

在蓝宝石基片上,以CeO2为缓冲层制备了高质量的双面Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8(Tl-2212)超导薄膜。以金属铈靶作为溅射源生长了c轴取向的CeO2缓冲薄膜,并对CeO2薄膜进行了高温处理,有效改善了其结晶质量和表面形貌。采用两步法制备了双面的Tl-2212超导薄膜。XRD测试显示,薄膜为纯的Tl-2212相,且其晶格c轴垂直于衬底表面。超导薄膜的Tc为106K,Jc(77K,0T)为3.5MA/cm2,微波表面电阻Rs(77K,10GHz)为390μΩ。     

热处理对MgO基片的表面形貌以及对CeO_2和Tl-2212薄膜生长的影响

研究了MgO基片在高温退火时表面形貌和表面结构的变化,以及它对CeO2缓冲层和Tl-2212超导薄膜生长的影响。原子力显微镜(AFM)研究表明,在流动氧环境中1100℃温度下退火,MgO的表面首先由未退火时的皱褶形貌,演化为光滑表面,随着退火时间的延长,表面形貌最终演化为具有光滑基底的独立生长峰结构。XRD测试表明,通过高温热处理可以大幅度提高MgO基片表面结晶的完整性。在1100℃温度下热处理8小时的MgO基片上可以生长出具有高度c轴取向的CeO2(001)缓冲层。然后在此缓冲层上制备了厚度为500nm的外延Tl-2212超导薄膜,其临界转变温度(Tc)达到108.6K,液氮温度下临界电流密度(Jc)为2.8mA/cm2,微波表面电阻Rs(77K,10GHz)约为360.9μΩ。     

高温退火对蓝宝石基片的表面形貌和对CeO缓冲层以及Tl-2212超导薄膜长的影响

研究了蓝宝石(1102)基片在不同温度和时间下退火时表面形貌和表面相结构的变化,以及它对CeO2缓冲层和T1-2212超导薄膜生长的影响.原子力显微镜(AFM)研究表明,在流动氧环境中1000℃温度下退火,蓝宝石(1102)的表面首先局部区域形成台阶结构,然后表面形成叠层台阶结构,随着退火时间的延长.表面发生了台阶合并现象,表面形貌最终演化为稳定的具有光滑平台的宽台阶结构.XRD测试表明,通过高温热处理可以大幅度提高蓝宝石基片表面结构的完整性.在1000℃温度下热处理20 h的蓝宝石(1102)基片上可以生长出具有面内取向的CeO2(001)缓冲层.在具有缓冲层的蓝宝石基片上可以制作出高质量c轴织构的外延11-2212超导薄膜,其临界转变温度(Tc)为104.7 K,液氮温度下临界电流密度(Jc)达到3.5 MA/cm2,微波表面电阻R(77 K,10 GHz)约为390μΩ.     

制备45°双外延超导结的新工艺

我们使用脉冲激光沉积方法对YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)薄膜在MgO基片上通过CeO2/YSZ双缓冲层的生长进行了系统的研究,发现MgO单晶基片的表面质量是决定能否得到理想外延薄膜质量的关键因素,通过使用低能离子束对MgO表面进行轰击,以增加其表面粗糙度和去除变质层,得到了具有100%面内45°旋转的YBCO外延膜,其临界电流密度77K时在106A/cm2量级.通过湿法刻蚀得到的双外延Josephson结表现出RSJ特性.     

溅射法快速沉积YBCO超导薄膜的研究北大核心CSCD

溅射法制备高温超导YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)薄膜材料目前存在的主要问题是沉积速率慢,制备效率低,大面积薄膜均匀性差.本文中,设计了多工位盒型靶直流溅射镀膜系统,提高了YBCO薄膜沉积速率和制备效率,一次工艺流程可沉积六片产品,总薄膜沉积速率最高可到250nm/h.基片自转与公转相结合,提高了薄膜的面内均匀性,同时研究了公转速度与自转速度的关系以及它们对薄膜生长的关系,发现只有在基片公转速度合适的情况下才能生长出性能好的薄膜.LaAlO3(LAO)单晶基片上YBCO薄膜临界电流密度超过2.8MA/cm2(77K,500nm,0T),薄膜微波表面电阻Rs(10GHz,77K)﹤0.2mΩ,1.8英寸内薄膜面内厚度起伏小于3%,双面薄膜一致性好,能够满足微波器件应用的要求.     

Tl系超导薄膜金属涂层的生长与特性研究

我们研究了Tl-2212超导薄膜在带有YSZ/CeO2缓冲层和带有CeO2/YSZ/CeO2缓冲层的Ni金属RABiTS基带上的生长情况.基带上的缓冲层是采用PLD方法制备的,Tl-2212薄膜的制备采用了磁控溅射和后热处理两步方法.XRD 实验结果表明,Tl-2212薄膜都具有很好的C轴垂直于膜面的织构,并具有双向外延生长特性.在CeO2/YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上制作的Tl-2212薄膜的Tc达到102.8 K,Jc(77 K,0 T)达到2.6 MA/cm2;在YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上薄膜Tc可达97.7 K,Jc(77 K,0 T)也可以达到0.45 MA/cm2.     

在RABiTS基带上制备Tl-2212超导薄膜

我们研究了Tl-2212超导薄膜在带有YSZ/CeO2缓冲层和带有CeO2/YSZ/CeO2缓冲层的Ni金属RABiTS基带上的生长情况.基带上的缓冲层是采用PLD方法制备的,Tl-2212薄膜的制备采用了磁控溅射和后热处理两步方法.XRD 实验结果表明,Tl-2212薄膜都具有很好的c轴垂直于膜面的织构,并具有双向外延生长特性.在CeO2/YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上制作的Tl-2212薄膜的Tc达到102.8 K,Jc(77K,0T)达到2.6 MA/cm2;在YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上薄膜的Tc可达97.7K,Jc (77K,0T)也可以达到0.45MA/cm2.     

Ni基带上的氧化物过渡层制备

本文采用溅射沉积方法在双轴织构的Ni-W5%基带上制备了CeO2和Y2O3薄膜.研究表明CeO2薄膜在Ni基带上的外延方式受生长速率、生长温度的控制.在快速沉积情况下,CeO2薄膜为(111)取向,在沉积速率较低时,以(00l)取向为主.CeO2薄膜沉积过程中,可以有效避免Ni的氧化.在Y2O3的沉积过程中,Ni基带的氧化不可避免,但其氧化物也有良好的取向.     

2英寸双面TI2212高温超导薄膜的制备与研究

在c取向的LAO基片上,采用两步法制备TI2212高温超导薄膜.首先,利用PLD在基片上沉积无Tl前驱膜,然后前驱膜在流动Ar气氛中利用坩埚技术在720～740℃温度下用Tl2223铊源外延生长成2英寸双面TI2212高温超导薄膜.实验结果表明:2英寸双面TI2212薄膜具有良好的c轴取向,并有明显的层状生长结构,有少量杂相晶粒但无裂纹;两面薄膜表面均匀光亮且呈深褐色.用四引线法测量的最佳双面薄膜的超导零电阻温度分别为106.2K和108.5K;在77K温度下,超导临界电流扫描测量仪得到优质薄膜的临界电流密度在1.0×106 A/cm2到4.8×106 A/cm2范围内;薄膜的微波表面电阻由一个介质谐振器在77K温度和10GHz频率下测量薄膜中心部分的Q值得到,其值小于0.5mΩ.     

MgO单晶基片上YBCO高温超导薄膜的制备

在2英寸MgO(001)单晶基片上,采用直流溅射法,通过基片高温退火,成功制备了性能优越的YBa2C3O7-δ(YBCO)双面超导薄膜,能够满足超导滤波器的设计要求。X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明经过退火的基片上生长的YBCO薄膜与基片有单一的外延取向关系;用原子力显微镜(AFM)和高能电子衍射(RHEED)分析高温退火对基片表面状况的改变。结果表明制备的YBCO薄膜具有很好的超导电性,薄膜临界电流密度Jc(77K,0T)≈2.5×106A/cm2,微波表面电阻Rs(10GHz,77K)≈0.16mΩ。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.