弹性力学平面问题例说解的唯一性定理

解的唯一性定理是用逆解法或半逆解法求解弹性力学问题的理论依据,在此用应力函数法、应力法、应力和函数法求解弹性力学平面问题,让学生切实、深入地理解解的唯一性定理的内在含义,丰富和扩大弹性力学的解题方法和应用范围。     

EXAMPLES ARE GIVEN TO ILLUSTRATE THE UNIQUENESS LAW OF SOLUTIONS FOR PLANE PROBLEMS OF ELASTICITY

解的唯一性定理是用逆解法或半逆解法求解弹性力学问题的理论依据,在此用应力函数法、应力法、应力和函数法求解弹性力学平面问题,让学生切实、深入地理解解的唯一性定理的内在含义,丰富和扩大弹性力学的解题方法和应用范围。     

弹性力学应力状态理论求解器开发及应用研究

论文基于吴家龙教授编著的《弹性力学》教材内容和课程"三难"特点,以应力状态理论部分常见题型求解任意微分斜面应力矢量、正应力、切应力、主应力和应力主方向及最大切应力为例,应用Matlab-GUI模块编制应力状态理论求解器,通过界面物理参数输入和结果显示过程,再现弹性力学求解思维,验证学生数理求解结论;把繁琐抽象的力学公式...     

利用计算机辅助求解弹性力学问题的一种新方法

采用Matlab编程与多项式应力函数相结合的方式直接求解弹性力学平面问题. 该方法一方面使选择应力函数具有非常强的规律性,另一方面简化了确定待定常数的过程. 该方法改进了用传统的逆解法、半逆解法选择应力函数,需要经过多次尝试、不断修改,才能得到满意结果的缺点. 同时指出了在一些情况下弹性力学平面问题是不具有多项式的解答.     

考虑体积力时应力函数的求法

求解弹性力学平面问题时,常常引用应力函数解法.但在一般弹性力学教材中,对如何寻求应力函数论述不多.文献[1]、[2]采用了用边界上应力函数φ及其导数的力学意义来确定应力函数.这是一种行之有效的方法,它适用范围较大,力学意义明确,可为寻求应力函数指明方向.但[1]、[2]中有关公式只适于无体力的情况,这无疑地使其应用受到一定限制.本...     

平面弹性力学问题的离散元法

根据离散元的基本原理,基于变形体的理论提出了适用于平面弹性力学问题的界面位移、应变和应力模式,建立了求解平面弹性力学问题的离散元方程和相应的迭代求解方法.通过界面位移可以简洁地将位移和力的边界条件引入离散系统的控制方程,也可以方便地求解节点位移.数值算例表明,与具有相同网格的有限元结果相比,离散元能同时给出精度相对较高的应力解和精度相当的位移解.     

确定平面问题应力函数的一种方法

用应力解法求解弹性平面问题关键而困难的问题在于确定应力函数.一般弹性力学教科书主要采用半反逆解法介绍各种经典问题或简单问题的解答,但是对于怎样寻找应力函数都没有给出一个大致可循的方 ...     

求解梁的切应力的高阶勒让德模型

梁作为最简单的构件在工程中广泛应用. 由于经典梁理论在求解梁的切应力时需要引入平衡方程和剪切修正系数, 使得求解问题变得复杂. 该文采用高阶勒让德级数形式的位移函数, 并考虑上下边界处切应力为零的特点, 建立了梁的切应力的求解方法. 并将所得的理论结果与有限元方法的数值结果进行比较, 结果符合很好. 结果表明, 该文的理论模型能够准确地确定梁内部的正应力和切应力. 该文的研究可为梁的力学分析提供新的理论方法.     

关于弹性力学平面应力问题与应变问题的判别

大部分《弹性力学》教材都是从构件形状和载荷的角度去定义两类平面问题, 但这种定义有一定的局限性, 没有给出两类平面问题本质的区别. 本文从三维空间问题出发, 推导得到按应力求解平面问题需要满足的条件, 并给出平面应力问题与平面应变问题的判别条件.     

狭长矩形截面梁选择应力函数的简单方法

<正> 1.引言用应力函数求解弹性力学平面问题,关键在于如何选取应力函数,常用逆解法或半逆解法选取应力函数,有时进行量纲分析和应力函数在边界上的力学意义确定应力函数,或以泛复函为工具,引入双调和     

弹性力学与流体力学基本方程的统一性

本文将流体微元看成固体微元的特殊情况,并结合流体静止时无切应力的性质,首先利用弹性力学的柯西公式得到流体静压强的概念,其次利用弹性力学的平衡微分方程得到流体静力学的欧拉方程。然后通过考虑弹性体与不可压缩流体的共性及差异,利用弹性体动力学的基本方程直接推导出流体动力学中不可压缩黏性流体的N–S方程。本文方法避开了流体力学基本方程的传统推导方法,证明了流体力学与弹性力学的基本方程具有高度的统一性。利用该研究结果可以进一步改善力学课程的教学内容,加深理解力学基本原理,有效提高力学课程教学水平。

     

含椭圆孔或裂纹的等参数正交异性板平面问题基本解

应用Ｃａｕｃｈｙ积分的方法，分别给出了含椭圆孔或裂纹的等参数正交异性板在任意面内集中载荷作用下的复应力函数基本解或应力强度因子基本解，这些基本解对于应用边界元法求解此类正交异性板或各向同性板的某些弹性力学和断裂力学问题具有重要的意义。     

HAMILTONIAN SYSTEM AND SIMPLETIC GEOMETRY IN MECHANICS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS(Ⅰ)——FUNDAMENTAL THEORY

For the first time, Hamiltonian system used in dynamics is introduced to formulate statics and Hamiltonian equation is derived corresponding to the original governing equation, which enables separation of variables to work and eigen function to be obtained for the boundary problem. Consequently, analytical and semi-analytical solutions can be got. The method is especially suitable to solve rectangular plane problem and spatial prism in elastic mechanics. The paper presents a new idea to solve partially differential equation in solid mechanics. The flexural problem and plane stress problem of laminated plate are studied in detail. This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China for Post-Doctorate Research.     

Matched asymptotic expansions in nonlinear fracture mechanics—I. longitudinal shear of an elastic perfectly-plastic specimen

A method of analysis based upon matched asymptotic expansions is proposed for a cracked specimen which is subjected to longitudinal shear (mode III) loading. This gives the small-scale yielding estimate of linear fracture mechanics as a first approximation, and provides systematic refinements which take account of the nonlinear interaction between the elastic and the plastic regions. Explicit solutions can be generated for any specimen which is amenable to a linear elastic analysis. Fracture parameters, such as crack opening displacement and the Jintegral, are expressed as power series in the ratio of applied stress to yield stress, and three terms are given explicitly. These are defined from linear elastic solutions alone. The edge-cracked strip and cracking from a semi-circular notch are studied as examples. Comparison with an exact solution for the former geometry suggests that the three-term expansions give useful results up to 75 % of limit load. The latter example is new and shows the effect of a notch on a crack at loads beyond the normal range of validity of linear elastic fracture mechanics.     

双周期圆柱形夹杂纵向剪切问题的精确解

研究无限介质中矩形排列双周期圆柱形夹杂的纵向剪切问题．利用Eshelby等效夹杂理论并结合双周期与双准周期解析函数工具，为这类考虑夹杂相互影响的问题提供了一个严格又实用的分析方法，求得了问题的全场级数解．作为退化情形得到单夹杂问题的经典解答，双周期孔洞、双周期刚性夹杂及单行(列)周期弹性夹杂等问题也可作为特殊情况被解决．数值结果揭示了这类非均匀材料力学性质随微结构参数变化的规律．     

模型复合材料弹塑性界面应力分析

由纤维增强弹塑性基体所产生的界面具有弹塑性力学行为。考虑到一般材料的塑性变形都遵循幂硬化规律,对模型复合材料的界面进行弹性和应变硬化状态下的变形规律及其应力分析。以纤维拔出试验为研究模型,将界面分成弹性区和塑性区。利用界面应力剪滞理论,分别建立弹性区和塑性区的界面力学基本方程。选择适当的位移函数满足基本方程及埋入纤维的边界条件,再按位移函数求出弹性区和塑性区的界面剪应力。推导出平均界面剪应力与纤维     

HAMILTONIAN SYSTEM AND SIMPLETIC GEOMETRY IN MECHANICS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS (Ⅰ)——FUNDAMENTAL THEORY

For the first time, Hamiltonian system used in dynamics is introduced to formulate statics and Hamdtonian equation is derived corresponding to the original governing equation, which enables separation of variables to work and eigen function to be obtained for the boundary problem. Consequently, analytical and semi-analytical solutions can be got. The method is especially suitable to solve rectangular plane problem and spatial prism in elastic mechanics. The paper presents a new idea to solve partially differential equation in solid mechanics. The flexural problem and phane stress problem of laminated plate are studied in detail.     

On the displacement potential solution of plane problems of structural mechanics with mixed boundary conditions

The present paper describes the advancement of displacement potential approach in relation to solution of plane problems of structural mechanics with mixed mode of boundary conditions. Both the conditions of the plane stress and the plane strain are considered for analyzing the displacement and stress fields of the structural problem. Using the finite difference technique based on the present displacement potential approach for the case of the plane stress and the plane strain conditions, firstly an elastic cantilever beam subjected to a pure shear at its tip is solved and these two solutions (plane stress and plane strain) are compared with Timoshenko and Goodier cantilever beam bending solutions (Theory of elasticity, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1951); secondly the above-mentioned displacement potential approach for the case of the plane stress and the plane strain conditions are applied to solve a one-end fixed square plate subjected to a combined loading at its tip. Effects of plane stress and plane strain on the elastic field of the plate are discussed in a comparative fashion. Limitations of Timoshenko and Goodier cantilever beam bending solutions (Theory of elasticity, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1951) over the displacement potential approach for the case of the plane stress and the plane strain conditions are not only discussed but also the superiority of the present displacement potential approach for the case of the plane stress and the plane strain conditions are reflected in the present research work.     

Buckling and postbuckling of moderately thick plates

This paper gives the basic differential equations for finite deflections of elastic plates according to Reissner’s approximate stress distributions. The buckling and postbuckling problems of elastic rectangular plates, including the effect of transverse shear deformation, are solved and discussed, by using perturbation method suggested in ref. [8]. The postbuckling equilibrium paths of perfect and imperfect moderately thick rectangular plates are presented and compared with the results based on thin plate theory.     

An integral equation method in dynamic fracture mechanics

This paper contains a study of the problems of crack propagation under static stresses and under transient stress waves. Within the assumption of linear elastic fracture mechanics, an integral-equation method has been developed for the analysis of these problems. The method has been applied to: (a) the determination of the stress intensity factor at a given loading and a crack-tip velocity and (b) the determination of the crack-tip motion under a given transient loading.