铂(Ⅳ)-溴酸钾-三氯偶氮氯膦褪色反应催化光度法测定微量铂

不对称变色酸双偶氮试剂是分光光度法测定稀土元素的灵敏显色剂,三氯偶氮氯膦[2-(4-K-2-膦酸基苯偶氮)-7-(2,4,6-三氯苯基偶氮)-1,8-二羟基-3,6-二磺酸萘]应用于催化光度法测定微量钌和铑已有报道,但用于铂的测定未见报道。实验发现,在酸性介质中Pt（Ⅳ)对溴酸钾氧化三氯偶氮氯膦的褪色反应有明显的催化作用。     

三氯偶氮氯膦树脂相光度法测定铁矿中的稀土总量

1　引　　言均三氯偶氮氯膦 (ＴＣＣＰＡ) [2 (4 氯 2 膦酸基苯偶氮 ) 7 (2 ,4 ,6 三氯偶氮 ) 1,8 二羟基 3,6 二磺酸萘 ]是一种紫色结晶粉末 ,易溶于水 ,醇 ,不溶于苯 ,乙酸乙酯。在中性或碱性水溶液中呈紫红色 ,与稀土形成兰紫色络合物。三氯偶氮氯膦能在强酸性 0 2～ 0 .4ｍｏｌ ＬＨＣｌ介质中与稀土元素发生极灵敏的显色反应 ,摩尔吸光系数ε =8.6 2×10 4 ～ 11.7× 10 4 ,是目前变色偶氮膦类试剂中灵敏度较高的。由于可在强酸性中显色 ,其选择性也比较好。常见的共存元素允许量大都在ｍｇ级以上 ,是一种性能优良的显色稀土…     

乳化剂OP存在一2,4,6—三卤代偶氮氯膦分光光度法测定钍（IV）

报道了在不同的酸度下乳化剂ＯＰ对２，４，６－三卤代偶氮氯膦与钍（ＩＶ）显色反应抗干扰能力的影响研究表明，在酸度高达４．８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＨＣｌ中，乳化剂ＯＰ的加入能明显地提高显色反应的选择性，而灵敏度没有明显降低，三溴偶氮氯膦与钍的显色体系尤其明显，可不经任何分离掩蔽手段直接测定独居石中的钍（ＩＶ）。     

在乙醇或乳化剂OP存在下三氯偶氮氯膦光度法测定钍

2,4,6-三氯偶氮氯膦(TCCPA)作为优良的显色剂已应用于稀土和铋的测定。文献[3]也曾介绍在乙醇或丙酮介质中用3,4,5-三氯偶氮氯膦测定钍的条件,其显色酸度为0.1mol/L,ε_(681nm)=8.93—9.11×10~4。本文研究了在高酸度下有乙醇或乳化剂OP(以下简称OP)存在时TCCPA与钍的显色反应,考察了32种常见离子的影响,并将方法应用于实际试样的测定。实验表明,在乙醇或OP存在下,在3.2mol/L盐酸介质中,络合物的最大吸收波长分别     

双波长分光光度法同时测定铀矿石中钍和铀

用偶氮氯膦Ⅲ在磷酸介质中测定钍较盐酸介质测定选择性好,文献早有报道,但因稀土和铀仍有严重干扰,在矿石分析中未见推广使用。我们根据偶氮氯膦Ⅲ和钍、铀皆能生成有色配合物的这一性质,对偶氮氯膦Ⅲ和钍、铀在磷酸体系中的显色行为作了研究,提出以TRPO-GDX-301萃取色层分离稀土、钛、锆等干扰元素,用双波长分光光度法同时测定铀矿石中钍和铀的方法。样品考核结果表明,本法操作简便,省力省物,测定矿石中0.0X—0.X％的钍和铀时,相对标准偏差约为5％,准确度良好。     

乳化剂OP存在下2,4,6-三卤代偶氮氯膦分光光度法测定钍(Ⅳ)

报道了在不同的酸度下乳化剂ＯＰ对２，４，６．三卤代偶氮氯膦与钍（Ⅳ）显色反应抗干扰能力的影响。研究表明：在酸度高达４．８ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＨＣＩ中，乳化剂ＯＰ的加入能明显地提高显色反应的选择性，而灵敏度没有明显降低，三溴偶氮氯膦与钍的显色体系尤其明显。可不经任何分离掩蔽手段直接测定独居石中的钍（Ⅳ）。     

铑（Ⅲ）—溴酸钾—三氯偶氮氯膦催化分光光度法测定微量铑

铑（Ⅲ）在酸性介质中对溴酸钾氧化三氯偶氮氯膦的色反应有明显的催化作用。确定了最佳反应条件，建立了测定微量铑的催化分光光度新方法。     

新显色剂偶氮溴膦-PSN直接光度法测定离子吸附型稀土矿中稀土总量

新显色剂偶氮溴膦-PSN能在较强的酸性介质中与稀土元素形成稳定的蓝紫色络合物,最大吸收峰在667nm处,显色酸度范围宽,抗干扰能力强,其中允许钍存在5μg/25ml。本文拟定了直接光度法测定离子型稀土矿中稀土总量,方法简便快速,结果准确。     

痕量 Ni(Ⅱ )的 4-(5-氯-2-吡啶偶氮 )-1,3-二氨基苯显色树脂相分光光度法测定

在 pH 9.0 碱性介质中, Ni(Ⅱ )定量地交换吸附在负载了 4-(5-氯-2-吡啶偶氮 )-1,3-二氨基苯的强酸性阳离子交换树脂上而显色, 可进行树脂相分光光度法测定痕量 Ni(Ⅱ ), 最大吸收波长λ max=535 nm, 表观摩尔吸光系数ε =1.2× 105 L@ mol-1@ cm-1, Ni(Ⅱ )量在 0～ 0.44 mg/L 范围内符合比尔定律, 用该法测定水样中痕量 Ni(Ⅱ ), 结果令人满意 .     

新试剂偶氮硝膦-mN(NPA-mN)分光光度法测钍研究

钍的分光光度法已有综述报导,一般认为偶氮胂Ⅲ是测钍的良好显色剂。但是该试剂测钍时,锆、铀、钛等有严重干扰,往往需要经萃取分离,甚至经离子交换分离方能进行测定。近年来,又提出用偶氮胂M、偶氮胂-K。对乙酸基偶氮胂等试剂测定钍,这些试剂虽各有优点,但也都存在一定的局限性。本文研究了新试剂偶氮硝膦-mN〔3-(4-硝基-2-膦酸苯偶氮)-6-(3-硝基苯偶氮)-4,5-二羟基-2,7-萘二磺酸〕与钍的分光光度性能。NPA-mN与钍显色反应的特点是:操作简便,发色迅速,对比度大,发色酸度强,允许酸度范围宽,试剂与络合物均十分稳定,比尔定律     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.