二茂铁基功能化的氮杂环卡宾银配合物的合成及催化活性

通过N-二茂铁基甲基-N-吡啶基甲基咪唑盐与氧化银在相转移催化条件下反应, 合成了4个二茂铁基功能化的氮杂环卡宾银配合物(NHC)₂AgX(X=PF₆或BF₄), 并利用NMR及X-射线单晶衍射对其结构进行了表征. 在这4个化合物中, 银为二配位结构, 吡啶氮原子并未参与配位. 催化活性测试结果表明, 合成的4个化合物具有高的催化炔、 醛和胺三组分偶联反应活性.     

氮杂环卡宾-铁配合物催化碳-碳偶联反应的研究进展

作为传统贵金属催化剂的理想替代品,铁具有来源广泛、毒性低和环境兼容性好等特点,目前被用于多种环境友好的催化过程。近年来,氮杂环卡宾(NHC)由于其独特的空间和电子性质,常作为配体,不仅能够被应用于贵金属(如钯、镍和铑等)催化,在铁催化中也得到了广泛的应用。本文综述了氮杂环卡宾及铁配合物催化剂的特点,并重点讨论了近十年其催化的碳-碳偶联包括芳基-芳基交叉偶联、芳基-烷基交叉偶联、烷基-烷基交叉偶联等反应中的研究进展。     

新型氮杂环卡宾钯催化剂的合成及应用

以对甲基苯胺和二苯甲醇为原料,设计并合成了饱和氮杂卡宾(SIPr^*),并与金属钯络合制得催化剂(SIPr^*)Pd(cin)Cl。将催化剂用于Suzuki-Miyaura偶联反应研究了其活性。结果表明：在反应条件(以氢氧化钾为碱,二氧六环为溶剂,0.5 mol%催化剂,于110 ℃反应30 min)下拓展了20种底物,收率均较高,TOF可达792 h^-1。     

镍(Ⅱ)基双氮杂环卡宾配合物的合成及其晶体结构

以咪唑和取代氯化苄为原料,经氮烷基化反应合成三个氮杂环卡宾(NHC)配体[L1:N,N-二苄基咪唑-2-亚基,L2:N,N-二(4-甲基苄基)咪唑-2-亚基,L3:N,N-二(4-氯苄基)咪唑-2-亚基];再以咪唑官能团化的N-杂环卡宾配体和氯化镍为原料,通过金属交换反应合成三个新型的镍基双氮杂环卡宾配合物[Ni(NHC)_2]Cl_2(C1~C3),其结构经~1H NMR,IR,元素分析和X-单晶射线衍射表征。配合物C1和C3属于单斜晶系,分别为P2_1/n和P2_1/c空间群。配合物C2属于三斜晶系,为P1空间群。C1~C3的CCDC分别为:1433176,1433177和1433179。     

新型氮杂环卡宾银(I)配合物的合成及其晶体结构

以取代苄氯(1a~1c)为起始原料,与咪唑经氮烷基化反应制得苄基咪唑氯盐(2a~2c); 2a~2c与氧化银经原位去质子化反应合成了3种新型的氮杂环卡宾银配合物--(NHC)AgCl［NHC: 1,3-二(4-甲氧基苄基)咪唑-2-亚基(3a), 1,3-二(3-甲氧基苄基)咪唑-2-亚基(3b)］和［(NHC)AgCl]₂［NHC=1,3-二(4-氯苄基)咪唑-2-亚基(3c)］,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR,元素分析和X-射线单晶衍射表征。3a~3c单晶结构均属单斜晶系,3a为P2₁/n空间群,3b和3c为P2₁/c空间群,3a和3b为单核银配合物,3c为双核银配合物。     

Grubbs催化剂合成研究进展

烯烃复分解反应通过催化使两个烯烃碳碳双键断裂,再重新组合形成新的碳碳双键,是以烯烃作为底物构建碳碳双键的重要方法.从反应类型来分,烯烃复分解反应主要有：关环复分解反应（RCM）,开环复分解聚合反应（ROMP）,交叉复分解反应（CM）及非环二烯复分解反应（ADMET）.在天然产物的全合成,药物化学和材料科学中均有广     

胺基膦钌卡宾化合物的合成及催化烯烃复分解反应

合成并表征了一类含新型胺基膦配体的Grubbs二代型钌卡宾烯烃复分解催化剂[RuCl₂(H₂IMes)·(R¹HNPR²₂)(=CHPh)], 采用核磁共振波谱和单晶X射线衍射确定了催化剂的结构. 在室温条件下, 以N,N-二烯丙基-对甲苯磺酰胺的关环复分解反应(RCM)为模型, 考察了不同胺基膦配体对钌卡宾催化反应速率的影响. 结果表明, G2?1表现出最佳的催化活性. 通过底物研究发现, G2?1催化剂(摩尔分数, 1%)对双端烯及多端烯的RCM反应具有较好的活性和官能团适应性, 产物收率均>95%; G2?1催化剂同样适用于同(异)端烯底物的交叉复分解反应(CM), 其催化苯乙烯与3-苯氧基丙烯的CM反应时产物收率高达92%.     

氮杂环卡宾的合成及在氢转移反应中的应用

利用氯甲基吡啶与咪唑反应制备了一系列含吡啶取代咪唑L1～L5,考察了所得咪唑衍生物与钌化合物在碱性条件下原位形成的氮杂卡宾钌络合物对苯胺与醇氢转移反应的催化活性.研究了碱的种类、钌前体、温度等对反应的影响,结果表明RuCl3 H2O/1-(2-吡啶甲基)-3-甲基碘化咪唑(L3)/KOH催化体系在185℃时对苯胺与乙二醇反应的催化活性较高,选择性生成N-羟乙基苯胺,TON(单位活性转化的底物分数)可达2130.此外,还考察了RuCl3 H2O/L3/KOH催化体系对苯胺与丁醇、环己醇、异丙醇、苯甲醇反应的催化性能.在催化剂作用下,醇与苯胺可形成亚胺及仲胺,伯醇可以自氢转移反应形成酯,反应产物的结构及选择性取决于醇的结构及反应条件.     

氮杂环卡宾羰基氯钌配合物的合成、晶体结构及催化性质(英文)

合成了2个N-杂环卡宾钌配合物[RuCl2(L1)(CO)](1),L1=(2,6-二(甲基咪唑-2-鎓盐)吡啶)和[RuCl2(L2)(CO)](2),L2=(2,6-二(正丁基-2-鎓盐)吡啶),并通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和核磁共振碳谱对它们的结构进行了表征,X-射线单晶衍射测定了配合物2的分子结构,结果表明配合物2属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,a=1.814 8(4)nm,b=1.129 2(3)nm,c=1.119 6(2)nm,β=108.862(3)°,且中心Ru(Ⅱ)离子是六配位,同时研究了配合物1和2在Suzuki-Miyaura偶联反应中的催化性质。     

氮杂环卡宾羰基氯钌配合物的合成、晶体结构及催化性质

合成了2个N-杂环卡宾钌配合物[RuCl₂（L1）（CO）]（1）,L1=（2,6-二（甲基咪唑-2-鎓盐）吡啶）和[RuCl₂（L2）（CO）]（2）,L2=（2,6-二（正丁基-2-鎓盐）吡啶）,并通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和核磁共振碳谱对它们的结构进行了表征,X-射线单晶衍射测定了配合物2的分子结构,结果表明配合物2属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,a=1.8148（4）nm,b=1.1292（3）nm,c=1.1196（2）nm,β=108.862（3）°,且中心Ru（Ⅱ）离子是六配位,同时研究了配合物1和2在Suzuki-Miyaura偶联反应中的催化性质。     

Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of a Two-core Ruthenium Carbene Complex: a Unique Catalyst for Ring Closing Metathesis Reaction

The reaction of a ruthenium carbide complex RuCl2(C:)(PCy3)2 with [H(Et2O)x]+[BF4]– at a molar ratio of 1:2 produced a two-core ruthenium carbene complex, {[RuCl(=CHPCy3)(PCy3)]2(μ-Cl)3}+·[BF4]–, in the form of a yellow-green crystalline solid in a yield of 94%. This two-core ruthenium complex is a selective catalyst for ring closing metathesis of unsubstituted terminal dienes. More importantly, no isomerized byproduct was observed for N-substrates when the two-core ruthenium complex was used as the catalyst at an elevated temperature(137 °C), indicating that the complex is a chemo-selective catalyst for ring closing metathesis reactions.     

Synthesis and Catalytic Study of Ruthenium Carbene Catalyst Containing a Zn‐Porphyrin Ligand

A ruthenium carbene complex containing a Zn‐porphyrin ligand has been developed. The complex was characterized by ¹H NMR, IR, HRMS and elemental analysis. The catalytic activity of the ruthenium carbene complex for olefin metathesis reactions was also investigated. The complex exhibited excellent performance for both ring‐closing and cross metathesis reactions at 35°C.     

活性炭负载钌基氨合成催化剂的制备和催化活性

A series of active carbon supported ruthenium based catalysts, promoted by alkali and alkaline earth nitrate, are prepared by impregnation method and with RuCl 3·3H 2O as precursor. Effects of support, promoter and preparation conditions on catalytic activity are discussed. The catalytic activity is evaluated with a fixed bed micro reactor at lower pressure. The results show that the impregnation sequence affects the catalytic activity obviously. Ba Ru K/C is the preferred impregnation sequence. And effects of nature, producing area and pre treatment of the support on catalytic activity are also examined. Catalytic activity increases with the amount of Ru deposited on the support, it attains maximum when Ru loading is 8%. Optimal molar ratio of promoter to Ru is 10.     

N-杂环卡宾铜配合物在催化领域中的应用进展

N-杂环卡宾已经成为金属有机化学、无机配位化学等领域广泛使用的优良配体,尤其是其过渡金属配合物在催化领域中取得了丰硕的成果。其中N-杂环卡宾铜配合物的相关报道虽然出现较晚,但相比于含Ru、Pd等贵金属催化剂及以有机膦为配体的过渡金属配合物,其不仅有价格低廉、低毒等优势,还在共轭加成、[3+2]环加成等反应中表现出优良的催化活性,成为目前的研究热点。本文总结了近年来N-杂环卡宾铜配合物在催化领域中的研究进展。     

新型手性四氢嘧啶氮杂环卡宾前体盐的合成

以1,3-二苯基-l,3-二胺为原料,设计并合成了一系列新的手性四氢嘧啶氮杂环卡宾前体盐,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS表征.     

Syntheses and Structures of Ruthenium(II) N,S‐Heterocyclic Carbene Diphosphine Complexes and their Catalytic Activity towards Transfer Hydrogenation

Phosphine exchange of [Ru^IIBr(MeCOO)(PPh₃)₂(3‐RBzTh)] (3‐RBzTh=3‐benzylbenzothiazol‐2‐ylidene) with a series of diphosphines (bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm), 1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene (dppv), 1,1′‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf), 1,4‐bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (dppb), and 1,3‐(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp)) gave mononuclear and neutral octahedral complexes [RuBr(MeCOO)(η²‐P₂)(3‐RBzTh)] (P₂=dppm ( 2 ), dppv ( 3 ), dppf ( 4 ), dppb ( 5 ), or dppp ( 6 )), the coordination spheres of which contained four different ligands, namely, a chelating diphosphine, carboxylate, N,S‐heterocyclic carbene (NSHC), and a bromide. Two geometric isomers of 6 ( 6a and 6 b ) have been isolated. The structures of these products, which have been elucidated by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography, show two structural types, I and II, depending on the relative dispositions of the ligands. Type I structures contain a carbenic carbon atom trans to the oxygen atom, whereas two phosphorus atoms are trans to bromine and oxygen atoms. The type II system comprises a carbene carbon atom trans to one of the phosphorus atoms, whereas the other phosphorus is trans to the oxygen atom, with the bromine trans to the remaining oxygen atom. Complexes 2 , 3 , 4 , and 6a belong to type I, whereas 5 and 6 b are of type II. The kinetic product 6 b eventually converts into 6a upon standing. These complexes are active towards catalytic reduction of para‐methyl acetophenone by 2‐propanol at 82 °C under 1 % catalyst load giving the corresponding alcohols. The dppm complex 2 shows the good yields (91–97 %) towards selected ketones.     

Antimicrobial and Antimalarial Activity of Novel Synthetic Mononuclear Ruthenium(II) Compounds

The present work was aimed that the two Ruthenium compounds namely, [Ru(A)₂(B)]Cl₂, where A = 1,10‐phenanthroline; B = 2‐NO₂‐phenyl thiosemicarbazone (Compound R₁)/2‐OH‐phenyl thiosemicarbazone (Compound R₂) have been tested for antibacterial activity at the concentrations of 1 mg/mL against various Gram‐Positive organisms (Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus pyrogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus & Bacillus megatarium) and Gram‐Negative organisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella paratyphi, Klebsiella pneumonia & Proteus mirabilis). The compounds were also tested for antifungal activity against Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum & Penicillium notatum by using agar diffusion assay and antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (Strain 3D7) using MTT assay. The results concluded that the compound R₁ exhibited significant antibacterial activity than R₂ against Gram‐Negative bacteria with zones of inhibition ranging from 15‐20 mm. and mild antibacterial activity against Gram‐Positive bacteria in comparison to tetracycline, streptomycin and rifampicin. These complexes were found to have moderate antifungal activity with no activity was however observed against Aspergillus niger. The compound, R₁ exhibited antimalarial activity at 10 μg/mL, whereas R₂ did not show antimalarial activity upto 50 μg/mL. Sensitivity to the compounds was greatest in the gram‐negative bacteria, followed by the gram‐positive bacteria and fungi.