镧离子掺杂的聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂碳化产物的组成,结构和？…

制备了Ｌａ＾３＋掺杂的聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂，对其进行碳化处理３，分析了树脂碳化产物的组成和结构，并进一步考察了树脂碳化产物作为二次锂离子电池碳电极材料的电化学行为。Ｌａ＾３＿掺杂的聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂碳化产物与相同处理条件下的未掺杂离子的树脂碳化样品相比，３种非Ｃ元素，Ｈ，Ｏ，２的含量都发生了明显的变化，其中，ＨＯ，含量有所提高，而含量则有所降低。Ｌａ＾３＋掺杂的聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂在碳化过     

聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂碳化产物的X射线衍射分析

用X射线衍射法分析了聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂碳化产物石墨化度和微观结构参数，结果表明聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂在1000℃以下碳化处理的样品，石墨化程度都很低，属于在中低温条件下较难石墨化处理的树脂样品；H型树脂碳化产物的晶面层有着碳化处理温度升高而依次减小，并且（002）晶面层间距减小速度快于（100）晶面；H型树脂在低温碳化处理条件下，主要是在二维平面结构上演变成石墨微晶，只有碳化处理温度较高时，平面结构的石墨微晶才相互调整，形成纵向平行有序的微晶体；树脂掺杂金属离子后，有利于树脂在碳化过程中形成的石墨微晶层片纵向有序排列；掺杂不同金属离子的树脂碳化样品，在结构参数方面都明显不同于未掺杂的H型树脂碳化样品。     

对聚苯树脂炭化产物作为锂离子电池碳电极材料的研究Ⅱ.炭化产物制备的电极材料组装的锂离子电池电化学性能

电化学性质;对聚苯树脂炭化产物作为锂离子电池碳电极材料的研究Ⅱ.炭化产物制备的电极材料组装的锂离子电池电化学性能     

对聚苯树脂炭化产物作为锂离子电池碳电极材料的研究Ⅱ.炭化产物制备的电极材料组装的锂离子电池电化学性能

电化学性质;对聚苯树脂炭化产物作为锂离子电池碳电极材料的研究Ⅱ.炭化产物制备的电极材料组装的锂离子电池电化学性能     

对聚苯树脂炭化产物作为锂离子电池碳电极材料的研究(Ⅰ)树脂炭化产物的组成和结构

元素含量;对聚苯树脂炭化产物作为锂离子电池碳电极材料的研究(Ⅰ)树脂炭化产物的组成和结构     

聚3-(4-氟苯基)噻吩/碳化聚丙烯腈泡沫复合电极的电化学研究

噻吩衍生物是合成导电高分子材料的单体之一,在有机电致发光器件和电能存储等方面有着广泛的应用。聚3-(4-氟苯基)噻吩(PFPT)是一类既可进行p型掺杂又可进行n型掺杂的窄能带聚合物,在导电高分子型电化学电容器方面具有很好的应用前景,聚丙烯腈微孔膜已在锂离子电池方面有了很好的应用。若将它与碳纸复合后,再进行高温碳化和CO2活化,可制得导电性好、比表面积大的片状材料,作为电化学电容器的电极材料具有一定的双电层电容量．本文在三电极电解池中以这种材料的薄片为工作电极使3-(4-氟苯基)噻吩在乙腈溶液中进行电化学聚合,制备了聚3-(4-氟苯基)噻吩／碳化聚丙烯腈泡沫复合电极并研究了电极的电化学特性。     

锂离子电池新型树脂碳电极材料的研究

测试分析了碳化处理条件对糠醇树脂碳化产物组成,结构和电化学性能的影响,结果表明：620℃碳化处理的样品出现了明显尖锐的（100）晶面特征衍射峰。同时还发现了（110）和（006）晶面特征衍射峰,表现糠醇树脂是一种较易石墨化的树脂材料,碳化样品比表面积均随着处理温度升高而下降。处理气氛对碳化产物比表面积的影响表现得更为强烈。700℃惰性气氛中碳化处理的样品与还原性气氛中处理的样品相比,比表面积降低了约61．5％,实验结果还发现620℃－1300℃范围内处理的糠醇树脂碳化样品组装的锂离电池都表现出了相对较高的充放电容量,其中700℃碳化处理的样品组装的锂离子电池充放电容量最高,实验结果还表明树脂碳化产物的比表面积是影响电池充放电性能的重要因素,碳化产物的比表面积越大,电池的充放电容量就越高。     

Fe2O3锂离子电池负极材料研究进展

Fe2O3锂离子电池负极材料因其具有的高能量密度而备受关注。但Fe2O3电极材料存在的如低导电性、充/放电过程中体积改变导致的循环稳定性差等问题限制其实际应用。介绍了高比表面积、结构稳定以及储锂动力学等因素对锂离子电池负极材料电化学性能的重要影响,综述电极活性材料纳米化、形貌控制和杂原子掺杂对Fe2O3负极材料电化学性能改善的相关研究进展,最后对Fe2O3电极材料的发展前景进行了展望。     

S-M(M=Cu, Co, Ti)复合掺杂层状LiMnO2 的合成及其电化学性能

用水热法合成了锂离子电池正极材料正交结构LiMnO2材料, 并对其进行S2－、大尺寸阳离子(Cu2＋, Co3＋, Ti4＋)以及硫-金属离子复合掺杂改性. 用X射线衍射(XRD)、X光电子能谱分析(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、恒电流充放电、交流阻抗谱(EIS)等测试技术进行表征. 实验结果表明: 当掺入离子的含量较低时, 得到的产物能保持完整的正交结构, 并表现出较好的电化学性能. S2－和非Jahn-Teller效应大尺寸阳离子的掺入使材料的循环稳定性能大幅度提高, 而这种提高是源于这些离子对LiMnO2结构的稳定作用. 电极材料Li1.02Mn0.988Ti0.012O1.989S0.011显示了最优的电化学性能, 在50 mA•g－1放电速率下, 其初始放电容量为142.6 mAh•g－1, 60次循环后放电容量为213.4 mAh•g－1. 硫-金属阳离子复合掺杂, 综合了大尺寸阳离子可以提高材料中Li＋的扩散能力和S2－掺杂抑制Jahn-Teller畸变两方面优势, 使层状结构LiMnO2正极材料既保持了较高的容量又获得良好的循环性能.     

高性能锂离子电池用N掺杂C-Sn交联纳米纤维自支撑电极的理性设计（英文）

为了提高碳材料作为锂离子电池负极材料的比容量,将氮掺杂的碳纤维与高容量的Sn进行复合。通过静电纺丝及低温碳化制备了均匀镶嵌Sn纳米颗粒的氮掺杂碳纳米纤维(C-Sn)复合膜。该复合膜直接用作自支撑锂离子电池负极时表现出较好的电化学性能,Sn的引入显著提高了碳纳米纤维膜的电化学性能。碳均匀包覆Sn后形成的纤维结构可以促进离子电子的传导,并能有效缓冲Sn纳米粒子在循环过程中的体积变化,从而有效抑制粉化与团聚。Sn含量约为25.6%的CSn-2电极具有最高的比容量和更优异的倍率性能。电化学测试结果表明,在2A·g^-1的电流密度下,充放电循环1000圈后充电(放电)比容量为412.7(413.5)mAh·g^-1。密度泛函理论(DFT)计算结果表明,N掺杂非晶碳与锂具有良好的亲和性,有利于将合金化反应之后形成的Sn_xLi_y合金锚定在碳表面,进而缓解了充放电过程中的Sn的体积变化。本文为高性能储锂材料的设计提供了一种切实可行的策略。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.