碱土金属对钴铈复合氧化物催化剂催化N2O分解的影响

采用低温柠檬酸络合法制备了添加不同碱土金属的钴铈复合氧化物(Ce/Co摩尔比为0.05)催化剂, 考察了其催化N2O分解的活性. 结果表明, 碱土金属对钴铈催化剂催化N2O分解的活性有明显促进作用, 助催化效果递变顺序为Mg相似文献   

碱土金属对钴铈复合氧化物催化剂催化N2O分解的影响

采用低温柠檬酸络合法制备了添加不同碱土金属的钴铈复合氧化物(Ce/Co摩尔比为0.05)催化剂,考察了其催化N2O分解的活性.结果表明,碱土金属对钴铈催化剂催化N2O分解的活性有明显促进作用,助催化效果递变顺序为Mg相似文献   

Co-M(M=La,Ce, Fe,Mn, Cu,Cr)复合金属氧化物催化分解N2O

通过共沉淀法制备了一系列Co-M(M= La, Ce, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr)复合金属氧化物及纯Co3O4催化剂, 考察了其催化分解N2O 的活性. 结果表明在研究的系列催化剂中, Co-Ce 复合氧化物催化剂具有最好的催化分解N2O的活性; 其活性与Ce/Co 摩尔比有直接的关系, 当Ce/Co 摩尔比为0.05 时(CoCe0.05 催化剂)催化活性最佳; 当有NO 和O2共存时, 可能在催化剂活性中心上形成表面硝酸盐或亚硝酸盐吸附物种而使其活性受到较大影响. 通过对Co-M 催化剂的XRD、BET、O2-TPD及H2-TPR 等表征结果的分析, 发现作为主要活性位的Co2+的氧化还原能力是影响催化剂活性的主要原因. 这是因为根据反应机理, N2O 的表面分解步骤与Co2+氧化成Co3+的能力相关, 而吸附氧的脱附与Co3+还原成Co2+的能力相关. 在所研究的催化剂中, 添加除CeO2之外的其它过渡金属氧化物时, 催化剂中Co3+/Co2+的氧化还原能力降低, 因此其催化性能降低. 另外, 添加不同过渡金属氧化物也改变了N2O 催化分解反应的速控步骤.     

共沉淀法制备氧化铝负载Co-Mo双金属氮化物催化剂

采用硝酸铝和硝酸钴的乙醇溶液与钼酸铵的碳酸铵水溶液共沉淀制备了Al2O3负载Co-Mo双金属氧化物前驱体,结合氨程序升温还原法制得了氮化物催化剂Co-Mo-N/Al2O3.利用X射线衍射和N2物理吸附方法表征了制备的前驱体和钝化态Co-Mo-N/Al2O3催化剂的晶相和孔结构,用程序升温脱附、程序升温表面反应及扫描电子显微镜考察了共沉淀法和浸渍法制备的催化剂的晶格稳定性、活性中心和表面形貌,用氨分解反应表征了Co-Mo-N/Al2O3催化剂的活性.结果表明,焙烧温度对催化剂比表面积有较大影响,低温焙烧的样品中活性组分散性较好,673K焙烧制得催化剂的氨分解活性最高.与浸渍法制备的Co-Mo-N/Al2O3催化剂相比,共沉淀法制备的催化剂具有更高的晶格稳定性、更均匀的活性组分分布和更高的氨分解活性.     

柠檬酸络合-有机模板剂分解法制备介孔La-Co-Ce-O混合氧化物催化剂

 采用柠檬酸络合-有机模板剂分解法制备了不同原子配比的La-Co-Ce-O混合氧化物催化剂. 这些样品具有较大的比表面积(>100 m2/g)和均匀的孔径(3.7～3.9 nm), 并显示出较高的热稳定性. 模板剂分解法制备的样品中CeO2和Co3O4的分散性以及对CO和丙烷氧化的催化活性均明显优于传统共沉淀法制备的样品. 催化剂活性并不与表面钴原子分数成正比,而与表面钴、铈物种间的协同效应密切相关,当表面钴、铈原子分数接近时,协同效应最佳,催化氧化性能最好.     

Co对NiO-BaCO3催化剂催化N2O分解的促进影响

采用共沉淀法制备了一系列CoxBa1.5Ni9催化剂,用于N2O催化分解反应.研究发现,尽管Co加入纯NiO对反应不利,但在有BaCO3存在的情况下, Co则能够显著提高NiO的活性.这是由于Co增强了Ni–O键而对反应不利,但在BaCO3存在下则大大增加了Ni基催化剂的比表面积及活性位数目.     

Co对NiO-BaCO3催化剂催化N2O分解的促进影响

采用共沉淀法制备了一系列CoxBa1.5Ni9催化剂,用于N2O催化分解反应.研究发现,尽管Co加入纯NiO对反应不利,但在有BaCO3存在的情况下, Co则能够显著提高NiO的活性.这是由于Co增强了Ni–O键而对反应不利,但在BaCO3存在下则大大增加了Ni基催化剂的比表面积及活性位数目.     

Redox property of Co3O4/CeO2 and the effect of reaction conditions on its performance in CO oxidation

采用沉淀氧化法制备了Co3O4/CeO2催化剂.运用XRD、BET和TPR表征手段,考察了不同钴铈比及焙烧温度对钴铈复合氧化物物理及化学性能的影响,并分别在干、湿条件下进行了一氧化碳氧化反应研究.结果表明,与纯的Co3O4相比,在不同比例的Co3O4/CeO2均经723 K焙烧的各种催化剂中,钴铈原子比为9∶1的复合氧化物粒径较小,比表面积较大,说明适当比例铈的添加能使Co3O4具有较小的粒径.此氧化物经538 K温度焙烧制得的钻铈比为9∶1的复合氧化物中Co3O4平均粒径为7.2nm,BET比表面积为167.6 m2/g.经TPR考察发现其具有最优的氧化还原性能.     

Zn取代类水滑石衍生复合氧化物上N2O的催化分解

恒定二价与三价阳离子比为3((nZn+nMg)/nAl=3), 采用共沉淀法制备不同Zn含量的系列类水滑石前驱物ZnxMg3-xAl-HT (x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0), 经焙烧得到其衍生复合氧化物催化剂ZnxMg3-xAlO, 用于N2O的直接催化分解. 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积分析(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller)、热分析(TG-DSC)和傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱等表征手段考察了Zn含量对材料前驱物及其衍生复合氧化物组成和结构的影响, 研究了系列ZnxMg3-xAlO催化剂的N2O催化分解性能, 同时探讨了反应条件, 如N2O浓度、空速、O2和H2O等因素对催化剂活性的影响. 结果表明, 所有前驱物材料均能形成完整的层状水滑石结构; 经高温焙烧后形成了以Zn-Al尖晶石为主相的复合氧化物, 且Zn掺杂有助于促进尖晶石相的生成; Zn含量对材料的热稳定性、比表面积和N2O催化分解活性有显著的影响; 随着Zn含量增加, 催化剂比表面积下降, 但其不是影响催化剂活性的主要因素; 650 ℃焙烧后的Zn2.0Mg1.0AlO催化剂具有较好的N2O催化分解活性; N2O浓度、空速及O2对催化剂活性的影响较小, 而H2O则对活性有较大的影响.     

Zn取代类水滑石衍生复合氧化物上N2O的催化分解

恒定二价与三价阳离子比为3((nZn+nMg)/nAl=3),采用共沉淀法制备不同Zn含量的系列类水滑石前驱物ZnxMg3-xAl-HT (x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0),经焙烧得到其衍生复合氧化物催化剂ZnxMg3-xAlO,用于N2O的直接催化分解.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积分析(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller)、热分析(TG-DSC)和傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱等表征手段考察了Zn含量对材料前驱物及其衍生复合氧化物组成和结构的影响,研究了系列ZnxMg3-xAlO催化剂的N2O催化分解性能,同时探讨了反应条件,如N2O浓度、空速、O2和H2O等因素对催化剂活性的影响.结果表明,所有前驱物材料均能形成完整的层状水滑石结构;经高温焙烧后形成了以Zn-Al尖晶石为主相的复合氧化物,且Zn掺杂有助于促进尖晶石相的生成;Zn含量对材料的热稳定性、比表面积和N2O催化分解活性有显著的影响;随着Zn含量增加,催化剂比表面积下降,但其不是影响催化剂活性的主要因素;650℃焙烧后的Zn2.0Mg1.0AlO催化剂具有较好的N2O催化分解活性;N2O浓度、空速及O2对催化剂活性的影响较小,而H2O则对活性有较大的影响.     

Thermal Decomposition of CF3C(O)O2NO2, CClF2C(O)O2NO2, CCl2FC(O)O2NO2, and CCl3C(O)O2NO2

Haloacetyl, peroxynitrates are intermediates in the atmospheric degradation of a number of haloethanes. In this work, thermal decomposition rate constants of CF₃C(O)O₂NO₂, CClF₂C(O)O₂NO₂, CCl₂FC(O)O₂NO₂, and CCl₃C(O)O₂NO₂ have been determined in a temperature controlled 420 l reaction chamber. Peroxynitrates (RO₂NO₂) were prepared in situ by photolysis of RH/Cl₂/O₂/NO₂/N₂ mixtures (R = CF₃CO, CClF₂CO, CCl₂FCO, and CCl₃CO). Thermal decomposition was initiated by addition of NO, and relative RO₂NO₂ concentrations were measured as a function of time by long-path IR absorption using an FTIR spectrometer. First-order decomposition rate constants were determined at atmospheric pressure (M = N₂) as a function of temperature and, in the case of CF₃C(O)O₂NO₂ and CCl₃C(O)O₂NO₂, also as a function of total pressure. Extrapolation of the measured rate constants to the temperatures and pressures of the upper troposphere yields thermal lifetimes of several thousands of years for all of these peroxynitrates. Thus, the chloro(fluoro)acetyl peroxynitrates may play a role as temporary reservoirs of Cl, their lifetimes in the upper troposphere being limited by their (unknown) photolysis rates. Results on the thermal decomposition of CClF₂CH₂O₂NO₂ and CCl₂FCH₂O₂NO₂ are also reported, showing that the atmospheric lifetimes of these peroxynitrates are very short in the lower troposphere and increase to a maximum of several days close to the tropopause. The ratio of the rate constants for the reactions of CF₃C(O)O₂ radicals with NO₂ and NO was determined to be 0.64 ± 0.13 (2σ) at 315 K and a total pressure of 1000 mbar (M = N₂). © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Fe2P2O7(H2O)2

The compound diiron diphosphate dihydrate, Fe₂P₂O₇(H₂O)₂, was synthesized hydro­thermally and crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n. The compound has a somewhat open framework made up of edge‐sharing iron(II) octahedra that form chains connected by five bridging diphosphates. The remaining octahedral site of each iron is occupied by coordinated water. The H atoms of the water molecules all point into a common channel.     

Thermodynamics of Cr2O3, FeCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, and CoCr2O4

High-temperature heat capacity measurements were obtained for Cr₂O₃, FeCr₂O₄, ZnCr₂O₄, and CoCr₂O₄ using a differential scanning calorimeter. These data were combined with previously available, overlapping heat capacity data at temperatures up to 400 K and fitted to 5-parameter Maier–Kelley C_p(T) equations. Expressions for molar entropy were then derived by suitable integration of the Maier–Kelley equations in combination with recent S^∘(298) evaluations. Finally, a database of high-temperature equilibrium measurements on the formation of these oxides was constructed and critically evaluated. Gibbs free energies of Cr₂O₃, FeCr₂O₄, and CoCr₂O₄ were referenced by averaging the most reliable results at reference temperatures of (1100, 1400, and 1373) K, respectively, while Gibbs free energies for ZnCr₂O₄ were referenced to the results of Jacob [K.T. Jacob, Thermochim. Acta 15 (1976) 79–87] at T = 1100 K. Thermodynamic extrapolations from the high-temperature reference points to T = 298.15 K by application of the heat capacity correlations gave Δ_fG^∘(298) = (−1049.96, −1339.40, −1428.35, and −1326.75) kJ · mol⁻¹ for Cr₂O₃, FeCr₂O₄, ZnCr₂O₄, and CoCr₂O₄, respectively.     

K2[Mo2O4(C2O4)2(H2O)2]·3H2O

The crystal and molecular structure of dipotassium di‐μ‐oxo‐bis[aqua(oxalato‐O¹,O²)oxomolybdenum(III)] trihydrate, K₂­[Mo₂O₄(C₂O₄)₂(H₂O)₂]·3H₂O, has been determined from X‐ray diffraction data. In the dimeric anion, which has approximate twofold symmetry, each Mo atom is in a distorted octahedral coordination, being bonded to one terminal oxo‐O atom, two bridging O atoms, two O atoms from the oxalato ligand and one from the water mol­ecule. Bond lengths trans to the multiple‐bonded terminal oxo ligand are larger than those in the cis position, confirming the trans influence as a generally valid rule.     

Kristallstruktur von LiHC2O4-H2O

LiHC₂O₄ · H₂O crystallizes in space group P 1 with a₀ = 4.99, b₀ = 6.16, c₀ = 3.45 Å; α₀ = 96.3°, β₀ = 98.0°, γ₀ = 80.4° and Z = 1. The crystal structure has been determined by direct methods. Refinement by least squares methods resulted to R₁ = 8,3%. In the structure the oxalate group is not planar. The angle between the two O? C? O planes is 2.9°.     

Ga2O3-La2O3-Yb2O3-Er2O3(HO2O3)体系光谱性质的研究

根据稀土离子能级的特点,对Ga2O3-La2O3-Yb2O3-Er2O3(HO2O3)体系的光谱性质进行了探讨,发现它们有二类发光性质:Stokes发光和反Stokes发光,研究了发光强度和发射波长与掺杂离子的依赖关系,观察到由能量的共振转移引起的荧光浓度猝灭现象,并取得了最大发光强度时的掺杂离子浓度和一些规律性结果.     

Die sechsgliedrigen Ringsysteme PIIISi2N2O, [PVSi2N2O]⊕ und PVSi2N2O

Compounds I-X of the sixmembered ring system PSi₂N₂O with phosphorus in different oxidation and bond numbers, collected in Schema 1, have been prepared for the first time and confirmed in their structure by elemental analysis as well as by infrared and¹H- and³¹P-spectroscopy.

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Mit Auszügen aus der DissertationK. P. Giesen, Techn. Univ. Braunschweig 1972.     

Studies on the System ZnO-V2O5-Fe2O3 Reactivity of ZnFe2O4 Towards ZnV2O6

Studies on the reactivity of ZnFe₂O₄ towards ZnV₂O₆ revealed that in the solid state the phases interact in a molar ratio of 1:3 to form a new compound, to which the molecular formula Zn₂FeV₃O₁₁ was assigned. The compound melts congruently at 825±5°C. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.