Two triple points in the H2O–H2 system

Using a volumetric technique, phase transitions in the H₂O–H₂ system were investigated in the vicinity of two points of an invariant equilibrium, L+I _h+sII and L+sII+C ₁, located at 1.07 kbar and?10 °C and at 3.6 kbar and 1 °C, respectively. Liquid water (L), low-pressure hexagonal ice (I _h) and high-pressure cubic (sII) and rhombohedral (C ₁) clathrate hydrates were in equilibrium with gaseous hydrogen taken in excess.     

用离子阱经H2++H2碰撞反应碰撞反应制备H4+

用Ｐｅｎｎｉｎｇ型离子阱经碰撞反应Ｈ２＾＋＋Ｈ２→Ｈ４＾＋产生稳定的Ｈ４＾＋,主要的反应产物是Ｈ３＾＋,但十分明显地观测到Ｈ４＾＋信号。Ｈ４＾＋在阱中稳定存在时间长达０．１ｓ量级,远比Ｋｉｒｃｈｎｅｒ等人测量的１０＾－６ｓ量级长,最后讨论了生成Ｈ４＾＋的反应过程机制。     

H+2离子和H原子相互作用研究

应用改进的排列通道量子力学方法(ACQM)对H+2离子与H原子的相互作用进行了研究.研究结果表明,H+2离子与H原子相互作用能够形成稳定的正三角形构型的H+3离子,从而为实验上制备H+3离子找到了一种新的方法.     

H2 的外场效应

本文计算H2从基态到激发态的跃迁矩阵元(μ)0n,振子强度f0n,自发辐射系数An0和吸收系数B0n(n=1-6),还计算了在电场AE→U2=-72.0,-36.0,0.0,36.0和72.0 V/M下H2的行为.对进一步研究高分子材料的外场效应有参考价值.     

水分子不是H2O

水分子的化学式其实不是H2 O .根据最新的实验 ,中子和电子与水碰撞的时间为几阿秒 (1 0 - 18s)时探测到的氢和氧的比例约为 1 .5— 1 .所以 ,水的更精确的分子式在这些情况下应该是H1.5O而不是H2 O .按照实验者 (德国柏林技术大学的Chatzidimitriou DreismannA)的说法 ,这个实验“打开了阿秒的时间窗口” ,可能揭示出奇迹般的量子效应 ,以前 ,这种量子效应由于持续的时间太短而没有捕捉到 .这类效应将修正传统的教科书中关于水和其他日常生活中接触到的分子的概念 .此外 ,这些实验能够提供 1 0 0— 5 0 0as时间尺度上的化学反应的新信…     

He—H2碰撞过程中的H2分子的振动激发

用半径典模型描述原子A与双原子分子B－C的共线碰撞,分子B－C的振动激发,近似用线性外场中的变频振子描述,应用不变量方法求出He和H2碰撞过程中H2分子从基态到所有振动激发态的跃迁几率。     

NH++H2→NH2++H反应机理的量子力学研究

运用耦合簇理论CCSD方法对文献[1]提出的Titan大气中可能生成NH3的链式反应中第三个反应:NH H2→NH2 H进行了热化学计算和分析.发现:①反应(3)在Titan环境中具有良好的反应自发性,在低温下自发反应可能性更大.反应(3)的转变温度为11881.7 K,高于这个温度反应才不可能自发正向进行.运用量子化学MP2方法在6-311g(d)基组下计算研究了反应的机理,发现:②此反应分为两步反应,第一步为放热反应,无能垒.第二步反应的过渡态为平面构型.正反应能垒仅为38.991 Kcal.mol-1,完全可以由第一步反应放出能量来补偿.结果均经过振动分析和IRC计算验证.在不同温度下,尤其是低温下第一步反应平衡常数很大.③由于此反应有较高的反应自发性,可以认为该反应在这六个在Titan大气的低温环境中自然合成NH3的链式反应中起着积极的作用.④耦合簇理论方法和MP2理论两种方法的计算结果是一致的,互相印证了结论的可靠性.     

The 2CH excitation band in C2H2–N2O and 2CH+torsion combination bands in C2H2–N2O and C2H2–CO2

A preliminary analysis of the 2CH excitation band in C₂H₂–N₂O in the 1.5 µm range (K. Didriche, C. Lauzin, P. Macko, M. Herman and W.J. Lafferty, Chem. Phys. Letters 469, 35 (2009).), only considering 117 low J-, and K_a - vibration-rotation lines, is significantly extended thanks to the analysis of new spectra including very regular series of lines with J/K_a up to 31/15. 1271 b-type lines were assigned. Perturbations are briefly discussed. The rotational temperature in the experiments is estimated to be 20?K and the upper state mean half-time is 1.6?ns for non perturbed levels. The previous analyses of the 2CH + torsion band in C₂H₂–N₂O and in C₂H₂–CO₂ (C. Lauzin, K. Didriche, T. Földes and M. Herman, Mol. Phys. 109, 2105 (2011).), are also extended to include 286 and 234 lines, respectively, also correcting for calibration errors. New rotational constants are obtained using a rigid rotor Hamiltonian by simultaneously fitting the ground, 2CH and 2CH + torsion states in C₂H₂–N₂O, and the latter state, only, in C₂H₂–CO₂.     

The H—H+, H+—H+ and H—H fragmentation in the collision-induced dissociation of H 2 + ions

The collision-induced dissociation of 10 keV H ₂ ⁺ ions incident on H₂ has been studied in this paper. Total cross sections and angle distributions for the H⁺-H, H⁺-H⁺ and H-H fragmentations are given. Distributions over both angle and velocity have been measured for the H-H⁺ and H-H fragmentation.     

铬焚烧中CrO3+H2(←→)CrO2+H2O反应机理研究

本文从量子化学角度研究了在含铬物质焚烧的反应中CrO3+H2(←→)CrO2+H2O反应机理.通过Gaussian 98软件计算,优化得到各反应物质的几何结构以及体系的内部反应路径,得出该反应体系为两步反应:首先由CrO3+H2经过一个过渡态生成中间体HCrO3+H,然后由中间体HCrO3+H经过一个过渡态生成CrO2+H2O.通过反应物和产物的活化能比较,得出该反应体系更易于正向反应发生.     

用LCAC—SW法计算H＋H2（0）→H2＋H一维共线反应几率

用排列通道线性组合散射波方法计算了一维共线反应Ｈ＋Ｈ２（０）→Ｈ２＋ＪＨ的反应几率。在采用较小基组的情况下，得到了与精确量子计算数值相吻合的结果。     

高温下H2O—Ar,H2O—CO2混合气体中H2O分子谱线的半宽度

本文用ＩＯＳ方法和我们改进的Ｂｕｃｋｉｎｇｈａｍ势计算了Ｈ２Ｏ－Ａｒ、Ｈ２Ｏ－ＣＯ２混合气体中Ｈ２Ｏ分子谱线在高温下（６００Ｋ、９００Ｋ、１２００Ｋ、１５００Ｋ）的压力展宽半宽度。分析了谱线半宽度随温度变化的规律，同时也讨论了半宽度和被加宽分子大小的关系。     

H2S和H2S+的振动光谱和电子能谱计算

本文基于MOLPRO软件包使用从头算方法计算了星际分子H₂S及其阳离子H₂S⁺的势能面及光电子能谱.首先,在(U)CCSD/cc-pVQZ理论水平下获取了H₂S沿法线坐标展开的势能面,势能面直观描述了不同振动模式耦合对分子能量变化的影响,S-H键的非对称伸缩振动和面内弯曲振动共同作用使得系统势能变化范围明显变大.振动多组态相互作用方法被用来计算非谐振动频率和振动光谱,计算结果显示,倍频和组合频之间出现了强烈的费米共振,使得相应波段处的红外强度显著增强.最后,使用拉曼波函数和收缩不变Krylov子空间方法首次计算了H₂SΧ¹A₁→H₂S⁺ X²B₁的光电子能谱.此项研究有助于进一步理解星际分子的内部结构,并为实验研究及星际观测提供参考.     

Mechanism of H2 desorption from monohydride Si(100)2 × 1H

Most recent experimental work on H₂ desorption from the monohydride Si(100) surface seems to point to a pairwise desorption mechanism involving the concerted desorption of two hydrogen atoms on different Si atoms of a single dimer. Using ab initio SCF and CI theory and a cluster model of the surface, the present work finds that the lowest energy pathway is symmetric rather than asymmetric. The desorption energy barrier is calculated to be 3.7 eV. Compared with an experimental value of 2.6 eV, the large barrier suggests that this direct desorption mechanism is not applicable. A multi-step desorption mechanism which involves a delocalized process in the formation of dihydride SiH₂ and a localized desorption of H₂ is proposed and is shown to explain the experimental observations.     

A study of the ground states of CaC2H2+,CaC2D2+ and CaC2H4+

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