变量分离法与变系数非线性薛定谔方程的求解探索

把变量分离法应用于(1+1) 维非线性物理模型，构建了色散缓变光纤变系数非线性薛定谔方程的一类新的孤子解.作为特例，也得到了常系数非线性薛定谔方程的包络型孤子解，只是解的形式有点变化.     

五阶变系数非线性薛定谔方程的暗孤子解研究

高阶非线性薛定谔方程的孤子解研究是孤子理论最前沿的研究课题之一,在光纤通信中具有重要应用.研究了一个五阶变系数非线性薛定谔方程,方程可以用来描述阿托秒脉冲在光纤中的传播.通过Hirota双线性方法和辅助函数,计算得到方程的双线性形式及其暗孤子解,讨论了暗孤子的传播及碰撞的性质,并得到如下结论:第一,暗孤子的传播速度是由方程的二阶、三阶、四阶和五阶项的系数决定的,暗孤子的振幅则是由这些系数和波数共同决定;第二,当遇上系数为常数、线性函数、二次函数或三角函数时,方程的暗孤子则相应的具有线性、抛物线性、三次函数形式和周期性的性质;第三,孤子在碰撞过程中,其振幅、速度都保持不变,仅仅在相位上发生了相移,因此其碰撞为弹性碰撞.     

四耦合非线性薛定谔方程的矢量孤子解及叠加解

本文通过两种方法分别得到四耦合非线性薛定谔方程的矢量孤子解及一阶叠加解.第一种方法是利用发展的广田双线性方法,得到四耦合非线性薛定谔方程的单、双孤子解,以及一种具有呼吸行为的新解.第二种方法是利用一阶达布变换,得到一阶怪波解以及怪波与孤子、呼吸子相互作用的一阶叠加解.     

高阶非线性薛定谔方程的可积边界条件

基于Sklyanin的可积边界理论,本文研究了二维可积聚焦非线性薛定谔方程族的可积边界条件.对于偶数阶非线性薛定谔方程,我们给出了一类可积边界条件;通过边界穿衣方法,我们构建了这一类方程在半直线上满足可积边界条件的多孤子解.对于定义在半直线上的奇数阶非线性薛定谔,可积边界方法只能得到该类方程的实退化:即所得方程退化为实方程.     

Nizhnik方程组的一个非线性变换和多重孤子解

用齐次平衡原则导出了一个非线性变换,通过该变换Nizhnik方程组化为一个齐2次方程.用Hirota方法可求出齐2 次方程的一列解.将其代入非线性变换,得Nizhnik方程组的多重孤子解.详细分析了二重孤子解.     

广义的带导数非线性薛定谔方程的有理解

广义带导数非线性薛定谔方程是与Kaup-Newell谱问题相联系的一个非线性发展方程,方程可在合适的条件方程下,利用Wronsiki技巧,寻找广义双Wronsikian形式的一般解,进而得到其孤子解和有理解.     

变系数非线性SchrÖdinger方程孤子的演化

用变分法求解了变系数非线性SchrÖdinger方程,得到了光孤子参数的演化方程.利用得到的演化方程研究了绝热放大孤子传输系统和色散缓变光纤中孤子的传输,尤其,获得了色散指数缓变光纤中光孤子的近似解析解.     

利用Riccati方程求解Burgers方程

应用李群理论中的伸缩变换群,把非线性二阶偏微分方程-Burgers方程转化为非线性非齐次一阶常微分方程-Riccati方程,将Riccati方程转化为Bernoulli方程和齐次线性二阶常微分方程,从而找到了Riccati方程的许多解,最后进一步求出了Burgers方程许多新的解析解.     

几类非线性数学物理方程精确解的符号计算

利用符号计算软件Maple,研究了几类非线性数学物理方程的精确解.由Hirota双线性方法构造了可积非局部离散mKdV方程的N-孤子解的显式表达式,且对于2-孤子解,分析了渐近行为.从Jacobi椭圆函数出发,得到了多分量Klein-Gordon方程和长波-短波方程的行波解.当模m→1,这些解退化为相应的双曲函数解,如钟型孤子解.     

一类相对非线性薛定谔方程解的存在性

利用临界点理论考虑了一类相对非线性薛定谔方程,主要通过变量代换将相对非线性薛定谔方程转化成半线性椭圆型方程.首先考虑位势函数为零时,将经典的场方程结果推广到了相对非线性薛定谔方程;而后利用临界点理论得到了有界位势情形方程非平凡解的存在性,在此情形,改进了文献[12-13]中的超线性条件.     

On the distributions of the ratios of the extreme roots to the trace of the Wishart matrix

In this paper, the authors cosider the derivation of the exact distributions of the ratios of the extreme roots to the trace of the Wishart matrix. Also, exact percentage points of these distributions are given and their applications are discussed.     

On the comparison between the APV and the NPV computed via the WACC

The valuation of levered investment in the practice is made with the WACC approach, even if the superior technique of the APV is available. The paper shows that the APV can be interpreted as the arbitrage free value of the portfolio made by an investment and a supporting loan. Therefore the WACC evaluation, generally different from the APV, allows for arbitrage. We provide various conditions which completely characterize the sign of the error as a functions of all the variables entering the model.     

用常微分方程模型分析预防和隔离措施对SARS发病率的影响

通过建立常微分方程模型 ,分析了预防和隔离措施对 SARS发病率的影响 ,并把计算结果与实际统计数据进行了比较 ,结果表明 ,及时高效的预防和隔离措施能够有效地控制 SARS的传播 .     

On the Gap in the Spectrum of the Translations

The spectrum of the translations in local quantum field theory will be analyzed in order to show that in a positive energy representation without vacuum vector and with lowest mass m₁ there is no gap in the spectrum which is larger than 2m₁. In particular in a zero mass representation there is no hole at all. These results are obtained with methods of analytic functions of several complex variables.     

From the subalgebras of the square to the discriminator

Presented by A. F. Pixley.     

From the neutrino to the edge of the universe

Two recent findings necessitate a closer look at the existing standard models of particle physics and cosmology. These are the discovery of neutrino oscillation, and hence a non-zero mass on the one hand and, on the other, observations of distant supernovae which indicate that contrary to popular belief, the universe would continue to expand for ever, possibly accelerating in the process. In this paper it is pointed out that relatively recent studies which indicate a stochastic, quantum vacuum underpinning and a fractal structure for space time, reconcile both of the recent observations, harmoniously.     

On the dependence of the growth rate on the length of the defining relator

Let { } be a sequence of finitely presented groups with generating setA={a1, …, am}, and letRk be the symmetrized set of words over the alphabetA∪A−1 obtained from the defining words and their inverses by all cyclic shifts. We shall assume that the words inRk are cyclically irreducible, and their lengths tend to ∞ ask increases. In the paper, it is proved that ifRk satisfies the small cancellation conditionC'(1/6) and the number of relators increases not very rapidly with increasingk, then the growth rate ψ(Gk) tends to 2m−1 ask→∞. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 65, No. 4, pp. 611–617, April, 1999.