On Some Problems Studied by R. V. Kadison

Several problems studied by professor R. V. Kadison are shown to be closely related. The problems were originally formulated in the contexts of homomorphisms of C^*-algebras, cohomology of von Neumann algebras and perturbations of C^*-algebras. Recent research by G. Pisier has demonstrated that all of the problems considered are related to the question of whether all C^*-algebras have finite length.     

TRACING A PLANAR ALGEBRAIC CURVE

In this paper, an algorithm that determines a real algebraic curve is outlined. Its basicstep is to divide the plane into subdomain1s that include only simple branches of the algebraic curvewithout singular points. Each of the branches is then stably and efficiently traced in the particularsubdomain. Except for tracing, the algorithm requires only a couple of simple operations on poly-nomials that ran be carried out exacrly if the coefficients are rational, and the determination of the real roots of several univariate polynomials.     

关于完满的Lie超代数

In this paper, some properties of perfect Lie superalgebras are investigated. We prove that the derivation superalgebra of a centerless perfect Lie superalgebra of arbitrary dimension over a field of arbitrary characteristic is complete and we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the holomorph of a centerless perfect Lie superalgebra to be complete. Finally, some properties of perfect restricted Lie superalgebras are given.     

Poincaré series and an application to Weyl algebras

Let A n be the n-th Weyl algebra over a field of characteristic 0 and M a finitely generated module over A n . By further exploring the relationship between the Poincar′e series and the dimension and the multiplicity of M , we are able to prove that the tensor product of two finitely generated modules over A n has the multiplicity equal to the product of the multiplicities of both modules. It turns out that we can compute the dimensions and the multiplicities of some homogeneous subquotient modules of A n .     

ON THE SEPARABLE NONLINEAR LEAST SQUARES PROBLEMS

Separable nonlinear least squares problems are a special class of nonlinear least squares problems, where the objective functions are linear and nonlinear on different parts of variables. Such problems have broad applications in practice. Most existing algorithms for this kind of problems are derived from the variable projection method proposed by Golub and Pereyra, which utilizes the separability under a separate framework. However, the methods based on variable projection strategy would be invalid if there exist some constraints to the variables, as the real problems always do, even if the constraint is simply the ball constraint. We present a new algorithm which is based on a special approximation to the Hessian by noticing the fact that certain terms of the Hessian can be derived from the gradient. Our method maintains all the advantages of variable projection based methods, and moreover it can be combined with trust region methods easily and can be applied to general constrained separable nonlinear problems. Convergence analysis of our method is presented and numerical results are also reported.     

二面体群上的Hopf Ore扩张

In this paper, the Hopf Ore extension and corresponding module extension of the group algebra over dihedral group are studied. It turns out that the 1-dimensional and 2- dimensional simple representations can both be extended to the simple representations over a class of Hopf Ore extension.     

Von Neumann Regularity and Quadratic Conorms in JB^＊-triples and C^＊-algebras

We revise the notion of von Neumann regularity in JB^＊-triples by finding a new characterisation in terms of the range of the quadratic operator Q（a）. We introduce the quadratic conorm of an element a in a JB^＊-triple as the minimum reduced modulus of the mapping Q（a）. It is shown that the quadratic conorm of a coincides with the infimum of the squares of the points in the triple spectrum of a. It is established that a contractive bijection between JBW^＊-triples is a triple isomorphism if, and only if, it preserves quadratic conorms. The continuity of the quadratic conorm and the generalized inverse are discussed. Some applications to C^＊-algebras and von Neumann algebras are also studied.     

代数微分方程的代数解

Using value distribution theory and techniques,the problem of the algebroid solutions of second order algebraic differential equation is investigated. Examples show that the results are sharp.     

GENERALIZED SIMPLE NONCOMMUTATIVE TORI

The generalized noncommutative torus Tkp of rank n was defined in [4] by the crossed product Am/k ×a3 Z ×a4 … ×an Z, where the actions ai of Z on the fibre Mk(C) of a rational rotation algebra Am/k are trivial, and C*(kZ × kZ) ×a3 Z ×a4 ... ×an Z is a completely irrational noncommutative torus Ap of rank n. It is shown in this paper that Tkp is strongly Morita equivalent to Ap, and that Tkp (?) Mp∞ is isomorphic to Ap (?) Mk(C) (?) Mp∞ if and only if the set of prime factors of k is a subset of the set of prime factors of p.     

广义路代数与点Hopf代数

Most of pointed Hopf algebras of dimension p^m with large coradtical are shown to be generalized path algebras. By the theory of generalized path algebras, the representations, homological dimensions and radicals of these Hopf algebras are obtained. The relations between the radicals of path algebras and connectivity of directed graphs are given.     

REPRESENTATIONS OF AFFINE HECKEALGE BRAS OF TYPE G2

Let k be a field and q a nonzero element in k such that the square roots of q are in k. We use Hq to denote an affne Hecke algebra over k of type G2 with parameter q. The purpose of this paper is to study representations of Hq by using based rings of two-sided cells of an affne Weyl group W of type G2. We shall give the classification of irreducible representations of Hq. We also remark that a calculation in [11] actually shows that Theorem 2 in [1] needs a modification, a fact is known to Grojnowski and Tanisaki long time ago. In this paper we also show an interesting relation between Hq and an Hecke algebra corresponding to a certain Coxeter group. Apparently the idea in this paper works for all affne Weyl groups, but that is the theme of another paper.     

Schur functors on QF-3 standardly stratified algebras

Let A be a QF-3 standardly stratified algebra and f be a Schur functor corresponding to some projective-injective faithful A-module, denoted by Ae. The main result of this paper is to prove that, if the dominant dimension of A is sufficiently large, then ] induces a full embedding from ￡（△） to eAe-mod which preserves Ext-groups up to certain degrees, where ￡（△） denotes the full subcategory of A-mod whose objects are filtered by standard A-modules. We check this criterion on some typical examples, quantized Schur algebras Sq（n,r） with n≥r and finite-dimensional algebras associated with the Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand category O of semisimple complex Lie algebras.     

CLOSED SMOOTH SURFACE DEFINED FROM CUBIC TRIANGULAR SPLINES

In order to construct closed surfaces with continuous unit normal, we introduce a news pline space on an arbitrary closed mesh of three-sided faces. Our approach generalizes an idea of Goodman and is based on the concept of ‘Geometric continuity‘ for piecewise polynomial parametrizations. The functions in the spline space restricted to the faces are cubic triangular polynomials. A basis of the spline space is constructed of positive functions which sum to 1. It is also shown that the space is suitable for interpolating data at the midpoints of the faces。     

弱代数性自反与强代数性自反

Algebraic reflexivity introduced by Hadwin is related to linear interpolation. In this paper, the concepts of weakly algebraic reflexivity and strongly algebraic reflexivity which are also related to linear interpolation are introduced. Some properties of them are obtained and some relations between them revealed.     

A-扩张Lie Rinehart代数

The purpose of this paper is to give a brief introduction to the category of Lie Rinehart algebras and introduces the concept of smooth manifolds associated with a unitary, commutative,associative algebra A.It especially shows that the A-extended algebra as well as the action algebra can be realized as the space of A-left invariant vector fields on a Lie group,analogous to the well known relationship of Lie algebras and Lie groups.     

Covariant Projective Extensions

The theory of crossed products of C~*-algebras by groups of automorphisms is a well-developed area of the theory of operator algebras. Given the importance and the success ofthat theory, it is natural to attempt to extend it to a more general situation by, for example,developing a theory of crossed products of C~*-algebras by semigroups of automorphisms, or evenof endomorphisms. Indeed, in recent years a number of papers have appeared that are concernedwith such non-classical theories of covariance algebras, see, for instance [1-3].     

NUMERICAL STUDIES OF 2D FREE SURFACE WAVES WITH FIXED BOTTOM

AbstractThe motion of surface waves under the effect of bottom is a very interesting and challenging phenomenon in the nature, we use boundary integral method to compute and analyze this problem. In the linear analysis, the linearized equations have bounded error increase under some compatible conditions. This contributes to the cancellation of instable Kelvin-Helmholtz terms. Under the effect of bottom, the existence of equations is hard to determine, but given some limitations it proves true. These limitations are that the swing of interfaces should be small enough, and the distance between surface and bottom should be large enough. In order to maintain the stability of computation, some compatible relationship must be satisfied like that of [5]. In the numerical examples, the simulation of standing waves and breaking waves are calculated. And in the case of shallow bottom, we found that the behavior of waves are rather singular.     

Normal projection: deterministic and probabilistic algorithms

We consider the following problem： for a collection of points in an n-dimensional space, find a linear projection mapping the points to the ground field such that different points are mapped to different values. Such projections are called normal and are useful for making algebraic varieties into normal positions. The points may be given explicitly or implicitly and the coefficients of the projection come from a subset S of the ground field. If the subset S is small, this problem may be hard. This paper deals with relatively large S, a deterministic algorithm is given when the points are given explicitly, and a lower bound for success probability is given for a probabilistic algorithm from in the literature.     

Embedding and Maximal Regular Differential Operators in Sobolev-Lions Spaces

This study focuses on vector-valued anisotropic Sobolev-Lions spaces associated with Banach spaces E0, E. Several conditions are found that ensure the continuity and compactness of embedding operators that are optimal regular in these spaces in terms of interpolations of spaces E0 and E. In particular, the most regular class of interpolation spaces Eα between E0, E depending on α and the order of space are found and the boundedness of differential operators D^α from this space to Eα-valued Lp,γ spaces is proved. These results are applied to partial differential-operator equations with parameters to obtain conditions that guarantee the maximal Lp,γ regularity and R-positivity uniformly with respect to these parameters.