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1.
Structural Characterization of Bis(metallated) Derivatives of 3, 3‐Dimethyl‐1, 5‐bis(trimethylsilyl)‐1, 5‐diaza‐pentane with Lithium and Aluminum and of two Donor‐substituted Digallanes The diaminopropane derivative Me2C[CH2N(H)SiMe3]2 is metallated with n‐butyllithium and lithium tetrahydridoaluminate to obtain Me2C[CH2N(Li)SiMe3]2 and Me2C[CH2N(Li)SiMe3][CH2N(AlH2)SiMe3], respectively. Both compounds exhibit a central eight‐membered ring, Li4N4 or Li2Al2N4. Me2C[CH2N(Li)SiMe3]2 reacts with Ga2Cl4 · 2dioxane under formation of the corresponding tetra(amino)digallane. This is monomeric, in contrast to a dimeric tetraalkoxy‐substituted digallane, Ga4OtBu8. All compounds were characterized by single crystal X‐ray crystallography.  相似文献   

2.
Double reduction of the THF adduct of 9H‐9‐borafluorene ( 1 ?THF) with excess alkali metal affords the dianion salts M2[ 1 ] in essentially quantitative yields (M=Li–K). Even though the added charge is stabilized through π delocalization, [ 1 ]2? acts as a formal boron nucleophile toward organoboron ( 1 ?THF) and tetrel halide electrophiles (MeCl, Et3SiCl, Me3SnCl) to form B?B/C/Si/Sn bonds. The substrate dependence of open‐shell versus closed‐shell pathways has been investigated.  相似文献   

3.
Deprotonation of the doubly arylene‐bridged diborane(6) derivative 1 H2 with (Me3Si)3CLi or (Me3Si)2NK gives the B−B σ‐bonded species M[ 1 H] in essentially quantitative yields (THF, room temperature; M=Li, K, arylene=4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐biphenylylene). With nBuLi as the base, the yield of Li[ 1 H] drops to 20 % and the 1,1‐bis(9‐borafluorenyl)butane Li[ 2 H] is formed as a side product (30 %). In addition to the 1,1‐butanediyl fragment, the two boron atoms of Li[ 2 H] are linked by a μ‐H bridge. In the closely related molecule Li[ 3 H], the corresponding μ‐H atom can be abstracted with (Me3Si)3CLi to afford the B−B‐bonded conjugated base Li2[ 3 ] (THF, 150 °C; 15 %). Li[ 1 H] and Li[ 2 H] were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography.  相似文献   

4.
It is promising and challenging to manipulate the electronic structures and functions of materials utilizing both metal‐to‐metal charge transfer (MMCT) and spin‐crossover (SCO) to tune the valence and spin states of metal ions. Herein, a metallocyanate building block is used to link with a FeII‐triazole moiety and generates a mixed‐valence complex {[(Tp4‐Me)FeIII(CN)3]9[FeII4(trz‐ph)6]}?[Ph3PMe]2?[(Tp4‐Me)FeIII(CN)3] ( 1 ; trz‐ph=4‐phenyl‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazole). Moreover, MMCT occurs between FeIII and one of the FeII sites after heat treatment, resulting in the generation of a new phase, {[(Tp4‐Me)FeII(CN)3][(Tp4‐Me)FeIII(CN)3]8 [FeIIIFeII3(trz‐ph)6]}? [Ph3PMe]2?[(Tp4‐Me)FeIII(CN)3] ( 1 a ). Structural and magnetic studies reveal that MMCT can tune the two‐step SCO behavior of 1 into one‐step SCO behavior of 1 a . Our work demonstrates that the integration of MMCT and SCO can provide a new alternative for manipulating functional spin‐transition materials with accessible multi‐electronic states.  相似文献   

5.
Aromatic nitriles are prepared efficiently through transition‐metal‐mediated cyanation of aryl (pseudo)halides with metallic cyano‐group sources, such as CuCN, KCN, NaCN, Zn(CN)2, TMSCN, or K4[Fe(CN)6]. However, this approach often suffers from drawbacks, such as the formation of stoichiometric amounts of metal waste, the poisoning of the metal catalysts, or the generation of toxic HCN gas. As a result, a range of “nonmetallic” organic cyano‐group sources have been explored for the cyanation of aryl halides and arene C? H bonds. This Minireview summarizes types of nonmetallic cyano‐group sources and their applications in the preparation of aryl nitriles.  相似文献   

6.
The syntheses and single crystal X‐ray structure determinations are reported for [Li(thf)4][SnCl5(thf)] ( 1 ) and {[Li(Et2O)2]2‐(μ‐Cl2)2‐SnIVCl2} ( 2 ). Compound 1 is ionic with a tetrahedral coordinated lithium cation and distorted octahedral tin (IV) atom in the anion, while compound ( 2 ) is a centrosymmetric heteronuclear double salt of LiCl and SnCl4. [Li(thf)4][SnCl5(thf)] is monoclinic, P21/n, a = 11.204(1), b = 15.599(1), c = 17.720(2) Å; β = 96.734(2)°, Z = 4, R 0.0418; {[Li(Et2O)2]2‐(μ‐Cl2)2‐SnIVCl2} is monoclinic, P21/n, a = 10.848(2), b = 12.764(2), c = 11.748(2) Å; β = 90.388(3)°, Z = 4, R = 0.0851.  相似文献   

7.
Carba‐closo‐dodecaborate anions with two functional groups have been synthesized via a simple two‐step procedure starting from monoamino‐functionalized {closo‐1‐CB11} clusters. Iodination at the antipodal boron atom provided access to [1‐H2N‐12‐I‐closo‐1‐CB11H10]? ( 1 a ) and [2‐H2N‐12‐I‐closo‐1‐CB11H10]? ( 2 a ), which have been transformed into the anions [1‐H2N‐12‐RC?C‐closo‐1‐CB11H10]? (R=H ( 1 b ), Ph ( 1 c ), Et3Si ( 1 d )) and [2‐H2N‐12‐RC?C‐closo‐1‐CB11H10]? (R=H ( 2 b ), Ph ( 2 c ), Et3Si ( 2 d )) by microwave‐assisted Kumada‐type cross‐coupling reactions. The syntheses of the inner salts 1‐Me3N‐12‐RC?C‐closo‐1‐CB11H10 (R=H ( 1 e ), Et3Si ( 1 f )) and 2‐Me3N‐12‐RC?C‐closo‐1‐CB11H10 (R=H ( 2 e ), Et3Si ( 2 f )) are the first examples for a further derivatization of the new anions. All {closo‐1‐CB11} clusters have been characterized by multinuclear NMR and vibrational spectroscopy as well as by mass spectrometry. The crystal structures of Cs 1 a , [Et4N] 2 a , K 1 b , [Et4N] 1 c , [Et4N] 2 c , 1 e , and [Et4N][1‐H2N‐2‐F‐12‐I‐closo‐1‐CB11H9]?0.5 H2O ([Et4N ]4 a ?0.5 H2O) have been determined. Experimental spectroscopic data and especially spectroscopic data and bond properties derived from DFT calculations provide some information on the importance of inductive and resonance‐type effects for the transfer of electronic effects through the {closo‐1‐CB11} cage.  相似文献   

8.
The nitridorhenium(V) complexes [ReNCl2(PR2Ph)3] (R = Me, Et) react with the N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) 1,3‐diethyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazole‐5‐ylidene (LEt) or 1,3,4,5‐tetramethylimidazole‐2‐ylidene (LMe) in absolutely dry THF under complete replacement of the equatorial coordination sphere. The resulting [ReNCl(LR)4]+ complexes (LR = LMe, LEt) are moderately stable as solids and in solution, but decompose in hot methanol under formation of [ReO2(LR)4]+ complexes. With 1,3‐diisopropyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazole‐5‐ylidene (Li‐Pr), the loss of the nitrido ligand and the formation of a dioxo species is more rapid and no nitridorhenium intermediate could be isolated. The Re‐C bond lengths in [ReNCl(LEt)4]Cl of approximately 2.195Å are relatively long and indicate mainly σ‐bonding in the electron‐deficient d2 system under study. The hydrolysis of the nitrido complexes proceeds via the formation of [ReO3N]2? anions as could be verified by the isolation and structural characterization of the intermediates [{ReN(PMe2Ph)3}{ReO3N}]2 and [{ReN(OH2)(LEt)2}2O][ReO3N].  相似文献   

9.
The first example of the catalytic C? CN bond cleavage of acetonitrile as well as Si? CN bond formation have been achieved in the photoreaction of MeCN with Et3SiH promoted by [Cp(CO)2FeMe]. This catalytic system is applicable to other organonitriles. Several iron complexes [(η5‐C5R5)(CO)2FeR′] (R5=H5, H4Me, Me5, H4SiMe3, H4I, H4P(O)(OMe)2; R′=SiMe3, CH2Ph, Me, Cl, I) were examined as catalyst, and [Cp(CO)2FeMe] was found to be the best precursor. A catalytic reaction cycle was proposed, which involves oxidative addition of Et3SiH to [Cp(CO)FeMe], reductive elimination of CH4 from [Cp(CO)FeMe(H)(SiEt3)], coordination of RCN to [Cp(CO)Fe(SiEt3)], silyl migration from Fe to N in the coordinated RCN, and dissociation of Et3SiNC from Fe. The reaction with MeCN of [Cp(CO)Fe(py)(SiEt3)], which was newly prepared and determined by X‐ray analysis, and the reaction of Et3SiH with MeCN in the presence of a catalytic amount of [Cp(CO)Fe(py)(SiEt3)] showed that the 16‐electron species [Cp(CO)Fe(SiEt3)] is the active species in the catalytic cycle (TON up to 251).  相似文献   

10.
The synthesis and full characterization of the sterically demanding ditopic lithium bis(pyrazol‐1‐yl)borates Li2[p‐C6H4(B(Ph)pzR2)2] is reported (pzR = 3‐phenylpyrazol‐1‐yl ( 3 Ph), 3‐t‐butylpyrazol‐1‐yl ( 3 tBu)). Compound 3 Ph crystallizes from THF as THF‐adduct 3 Ph(THF)4 which features a straight conformation with a long Li···Li distance of 12.68(1) Å. Compound 3 tBu was found to function as efficient and selective scavenger of chloride ions. In the presence of LiCl it forms anionic complexes [ 3 tBuCl] with a central Li‐Cl‐Li core (Li···Li = 3.75(1) Å).  相似文献   

11.
Silylhydrazines and Dimeric N,N′‐Dilithium‐N,N′‐bis(silyl)hydrazides – Syntheses, Reactions, Isomerisations Di‐tert.‐butylchlorosilane reacts with dilithiated hydrazine in a molar ratio to give the N,N′‐bis(silyl)hydrazine, [(Me3C)2SiHNH]2, ( 5 ). Isomeric tris(silyl)hydrazines, N‐difluorophenylsilyl‐N′,N′‐bis(dimethylphenylsilyl)hydrazine ( 7 ) and N‐difluorophenylsilyl‐N,N′‐bis(dimethylphenylsilyl)hydrazine ( 8 ) are formed in the reaction of N‐lithium‐N′‐N′‐bis(dimethylphenylsilyl)hydrazide and F3SiPh. Isomeric bis(silyl)hydrazines, (Me3C)2SiFNHNHSiMe2Ph ( 9 ) and (Me3C)2‐ SiF(PhMe2Si)N–NH2 ( 10 ) are the result of the reaction of di‐tert.‐butylfluorosilylhydrazine and ClSiMe2Ph in the presence of Et3N. Quantum chemical calculations for model compounds demonstrate the dyotropic course of the rearrangement. The monolithium derivative of 5 forms a N‐lithium‐N′,N′‐bis(silyl)hydrazide ( 11 ). The dilithium salts of 5 ( 13 ) and of the bis(tert.‐butyldiphenylsilyl)hydrazine ( 12 ) crystallize as dimers with formation of a central Li4N4 unit. The formation of 12 from 11 occurs via a N′ → N‐silyl group migration. Results of crystal structure analyses are reported.  相似文献   

12.
Morpholine as Ambident Ligand The reaction of MeInCl2 with Li‐morpholinate [Li(Morph)] at 20 °C in THF gave after work‐up and recrystallization from diglyme the salt [Li(Diglyme){In3Me2Cl4(Morph)4}]·Diglyme ( 1 ). The treatment of the reaction mixture of MesInCl2/Li(Morph) with wet THF yield as only isolated compound the coordination polymer [Li6Cl6(HMorph)3] ( 2 ). Under similar conditions the reaction of InCl3 with Li(Morph) led after work‐up in wet THF to [Li(Diglyme)2][InCl4(HMorph)2] ( 3 ). 1 – 3 were characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as by X‐ray analysis. According to this, 1 contains the trinuclear anion [In3Me2Cl4(Morph)4]? in which one of the morpholinate ligands is coordinated via N atom to the In3+ ions, while the O atom belongs to the coordination sphere of the Li+ ion. In 2 , LiCl forms a hexagonal heteroprismn, in which the morpholine molecules are responsible for a 3d network via coordination of both Lewis‐basic heteroatoms. 3 contains trans‐[InCl4(Hmorph)2]? ions, connected by hydrogen bonding along [011].  相似文献   

13.
1,2‐Diaza‐3‐silacyclopent‐5‐ene – Synthesis and Reactions The dilithium salt of bis(tert‐butyl‐trimethylsilylmethylen)ketazine ( 1 ) forms an imine‐enamine salt. 1 reacts with halosilanes in a molar ratio of 1:1 to give 1,2‐diaza‐3‐silacyclopent‐5‐enes. Me3SiCH=CCMe3 [N(SiR,R′)‐N=C‐C]HSiMe3 ( 2 ‐ 7 ). ( 2 : R,R′ = Cl; 3 : R = CH3, R′ = Ph; 4 : R = F, R′ = CMe3; 5 : R = F, R′ = Ph; 6 : R = F, R′ = N(SiMe3)2; 7 : R = F, R′ = N(CMe3)SiMe3). In the reaction of 1 with tetrafluorosilane the spirocyclus 8 is isolated. The five‐membered ring compounds 2 ‐ 7 and compound 9 substituted on the silicon‐fluoro‐ and (tert‐butyltrimethylsilyl) are acid at the C(4)‐atom and therefore can be lithiated. Experiments to prepare lithium salts of 4 with MeLi, n‐BuLi and PhLi gave LiF and the substitution‐products 10 ‐ 12 . 9 forms a lithium salt which reacts with ClSiMe3 to give LiCl and the SiMe3 ring system ( 13 ) substituted at the C(4)‐atom. The ring compounds 3 ‐ 7 and 10 ‐ 12 form isomers, the formation is discussed. Results of the crystal structure and analyses of 8 , 10 , 12 , and 13 are presented.  相似文献   

14.
The first primary 2‐aminocarba‐closo‐dodecaborates [1‐R‐2‐H2N‐closo‐CB11H10]? (R=H ( 1 ), Ph ( 2 )) have been synthesized by insertion reactions of (Me3Si)2NBCl2 into the trianions [7‐R‐7‐nido‐CB10H10]3?. The difunctionalized species [1,2‐(H2N)2closo‐CB11H10] ( 3 ) and 1‐CyHN‐2‐H3N‐closo‐CB11H10 (H‐ 4 ) have been prepared analogously from (Me3Si)2NBCl2 and 7‐H3N‐7‐nido‐CB10H12. In addition, the preparation of [Et4N][1‐H2N‐2‐Ph‐closo‐CB11H10] ([Et4N]‐ 5 ) starting from PhBCl2 and 7‐H3N‐7‐nido‐CB10H12 is described. Methylation of the [1‐Ph‐2‐H2N‐closo‐CB11H10]? ion ( 2 ) to produce 1‐Ph‐2‐Me3N‐closo‐CB11H10 ( 6 ) is reported. The crystal structures of [Et4N]‐ 2 , [Et4N]‐ 5 , and 6 were determined and the geometric parameters were compared to theoretical values derived from DFT and ab initio calculations. All new compounds were studied by NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy, MALDI mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The discussion of the experimental NMR chemical shifts and of selected vibrational band positions is supported by theoretical data. The thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The pKa values of 2‐H3N‐closo‐CB11H11 (H‐ 1 ), 1‐H3N‐closo‐CB11H10 (H‐ 7 ), and 1,2‐(H3N)2closo‐CB11H10 (H2‐ 3 ) were determined by potentiometric titration and by NMR studies. The experimental results are compared to theoretical data (DFT and ab initio). The basicities of the aminocarba‐closo‐dodecaborates agree well with the spectroscopic and structural properties.  相似文献   

15.
The novel zwitterionic heterocycle 1 was unexpectedly obtained from the reaction between [Li(SiR3)(thf)3] and ArNC. Upon heating 1 underwent an interesting ring opening to give the alkyne 2 . Hence the C≡C bond effectively arises from the C−C coupling of two ArNC moieties. R=SiMe3, Ar=2,6‐Me2C6H3, tmeda=N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine.  相似文献   

16.
Metal‐air batteries, especially Li‐air batteries, have attracted significant research attention in the past decade. However, the electrochemical reactions between CO2 (0.04 % in ambient air) with Li anode may lead to the irreversible formation of insulating Li2CO3, making the battery less rechargeable. To make the Li‐CO2 batteries usable under ambient conditions, it is critical to develop highly efficient catalysts for the CO2 reduction and evolution reactions and investigate the electrochemical behavior of Li‐CO2 batteries. Here, we demonstrate a rechargeable Li‐CO2 battery with a high reversibility by using B,N‐codoped holey graphene as a highly efficient catalyst for CO2 reduction and evolution reactions. Benefiting from the unique porous holey nanostructure and high catalytic activity of the cathode, the as‐prepared Li‐CO2 batteries exhibit high reversibility, low polarization, excellent rate performance, and superior long‐term cycling stability over 200 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 A g−1. Our results open up new possibilities for the development of long‐term Li‐air batteries reusable under ambient conditions, and the utilization and storage of CO2.  相似文献   

17.
New Hypersilanides of the Earth Metals Aluminium, Gallium, and Indium The dialkylaluminiumchlorides R2AlCl (with R = Me, Et; Me = CH3, Et = C2H5) react with base‐free lithium‐tris(trimethylsilyl)silanide (Li–Hsi; Hsi = –Si(SiMe3)3), forming the pyrophoric dialkyl aluminiumhypersilanides R2Al–Hsi. The methyl compound is dimeric in solid state (triclinic space group P1, Z = 1 dimer), as in Al2Me6 the association takes place by two Al–Me–Al bridges, forming a centrosymmetric molecule of approximately C2h point‐symmetry. Contrary to this (Me2GaCl)2 and Li–Hsi form a mixture of (MeGa(Hsi)Cl)2 and [Me3Ga–Hsi]Li. The monochloride again is a centrosymmetric, chlorine‐bridged dimer (monoclinic space group P21/n, Z = 2 dimers). The extremely air sensitive gallate can be prepared from GaMe3 and Li–Hsi (1 : 1 ratio), as well as the homologous [Me3Ga–Hsi]Na and [Me3Ga–Hsi]K from GaMe3 and the corresponding alkalimetal hypersilanides. The 1 : 1 toluene‐solvat of the sodium salt crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca (Z = 8) with polymeric zig‐zag‐chains, in which the toluene‐capped Na‐ions act as GaMe…Na…Me2Ga‐bridges between [Me3Ga–Hsi] anions. The reaction of InCl3 with Li–Hsi (1 : 3 ratio) mainly gives LiCl, metallic In and the “dihypersilyl” Hsi–Hsi. Ruby‐red (Hsi)2In–In(Hsi)2 could also be obtained in low yield and characterized by X‐ray structure elucidation (space group P21/c, Z = 4). The 1H, 13C, 29Si and 7Li NMR‐ and the vibrational spectra of the hypersilanides have been measured and discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Diorganomorpholinometalates of Gallium and Indium – Monomer‐Dimer‐Equilibrium in Solution The reaction of Li[N(CH2CH2)2O] (LiMorpholinate; Li(Morph)) with Me2GaCl and Me2InCl gives by salt‐elimination the diorganoamidometalates Me2M(Morph) ( M = Ga: 1 ; M = In: 2 ), respectively. 1 and 2 were characterized by NMR and vibrational spectroscopy as well as by X‐ray structure determinations. According to this, centrosymmetrical dimers are present in the solid state while a monomer‐dimer equilibrium was assumed for the THF‐solution. Cryoscopic molecular weight determinations confirmed our assumptions.  相似文献   

19.
New Trinuclear Rhenium Complexes with Bridging Nitrido Ligands Trinuclear complexes with bridging nitrido ligands between the rhenium atoms are formed when [ReN(Et2dtc)2 · (Me2PhP)] (Et2dtc = N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate) reacts with TlCl or Pr(O3SCF3)3. [Cl(Me2PhP)2(Et2dtc)Re≡N–Re(N) · Cl2(Me2PhP)–N≡Re(Et2dtc)(Me2PhP)2Cl] and [(Et2dtc)2 · (Me2PhP)Re≡N–Re(N)(Et2dtc)(Me2PhP)–N≡Re(Me2PhP) · (Et2dtc)2]+ contain two almost linear, asymmetric nitrido bridges. Additional, terminal nitrido ligands are located at the middle rhenium atoms.  相似文献   

20.
The silyl amide Et2SiCl‐NLi‐SitBu3 can be cleanly prepared from precursor silylamine Et2SiCl‐NH‐SitBu3 and Li[nBu]. The CF3SO3SiMe3 induced LiCl elimination of Et2SiCl‐NLi‐SitBu3 in thf afforded a 2‐silaazetidine derivative by [2+2] cycloaddition of Et2Si=N–SitBu3 with Et2Si(OCH=CH2)–NH–SitBu3. X‐ray quality crystals of this 2‐silaazetidine derivative (triclinic, space group P$\bar{1}$ ) were grown from benzene at room temperature. The starting material for this approach, Et2SiCl–NH–SitBu3, is water‐sensitive. Hydrolysis of Et2SiCl‐NH‐SitBu3 gave [tBu3SiNH3]Cl along with (Et2SiO)n oligomers. The hydro chloride [tBu3SiNH3]Cl could be isolated and was characterized by X‐ray crystallography (trigonal, space group P$\bar{3}$ ).  相似文献   

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