焦脱镁叶绿酸α-甲酯衍生物的合成及其结构与光谱性能关系研究

以焦脱镁叶绿酸-α甲酯(MPF-α，1)为起始原料，通过乙二醇对E-环羰基进行保护，选用四氧化锇和高碘酸钠将3-位碳碳双键氧化，生成13^1-二氧环戊基-13^1-去氧焦脱镁叶绿酸-d甲酯(2)，经Grignard反应将3-甲酰基转换成羟烷基得仲醇3，再通过高钌酸四乙基胺和N-甲基吗啡啉N-氧化物将其氧化成酮4，脱去保护基生成3-烷酰基3-去乙烯基焦脱镁叶绿酸-α甲酯(6)．焦脱镁叶绿酸-d(MPP-d)7与过量重氮甲烷发生加成和重排反应，生成6a及3-烷酰甲基3-去乙烯焦脱镁叶绿酸甲酯衍生物8和9，7的3-位醛基经过Wittig和氧化反应得到3-苯乙二酰基焦脱镁叶绿酸甲酯11．所合成的新卟吩衍生物均经UV，IR，^1H NMR及元素分析证明其结构，并且讨论了周边取代羰基对核磁共振光谱和最大可见光吸收的影响。     

焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯衍生物的合成及其结构与光谱性能关系研究

以焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(MPP-a, 1)为起始原料,通过乙二醇对E-环羰基进行保护,选用四氧化锇和高碘酸钠将3-位碳碳双键氧化,生成131-二氧环戊基-131-去氧焦脱镁叶绿酸-d甲酯(2),经Grignard反应将3-甲酰基转换成羟烷基得仲醇3,再通过高钌酸四乙基胺和N-甲基吗啡啉N-氧化物将其氧化成酮4,脱去保护基生成3-烷酰基3-去乙烯基焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(6).焦脱镁叶绿酸-d (MPP-d)7与过量重氮甲烷发生加成和重排反应,生成6a及3-烷酰甲基3-去乙烯焦脱镁叶绿酸甲酯衍生物8和9,7的3-位醛基经过Wittig和氧化反应得到3-苯乙二酰基焦脱镁叶绿酸甲酯11.所合成的新卟吩衍生物均经UV,IR,¹H NMR及元素分析证明其结构,并且讨论了周边取代羰基对核磁共振光谱和最大可见光吸收的影响.     

3-位苯并含氮杂环取代的焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯的合成

以焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(MPP-a)(1)为起始原料，在二氯甲烷中与醋酸锌共回流得锌配合物2，在四氯钯锂催化下，通过与苯基氯化汞的偶联反应生成3b-苯基焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(3)．分别选用四氧化锇、高钌酸四丙基铵(TPAP)和N-甲基吗啉N-氧化物将环外烯键氧化成邻二酮(4)．在酸性条件下，4与邻苯二胺的缩合形成了3-位喹喔啉取代的焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(5)．用四氧化锇和高碘酸钠将1的3-位碳碳双键氧化，则生成焦脱镁叶绿酸-d甲酯(6)．所得卟吩醛与环己二酮和萘胺进行一锅法反应，得到3-位苯并吖啶取代的焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(7)．所合成的新卟吩化合物均经UV，IR，^1H NMR及元素分析证明其结构．     

2－位甲（乙）酰基焦脱镁叶绿酸a甲酯的9－位羰基保护及其格氏反应

以焦脱镁叶绿酸α甲酯为起始原料，利用其2-位乙烯基的加成和氧化反应将乙 烯基转化成羟烷基，为了排除9-位羰基对后期化学反应的影响，首先通过乙二醇对 其进行保护，合成了9-羰基保护的焦脱镁叶绿酸的衍生物，再利用氧化反应将羟烷 基氧化成甲酰和乙酰基，进而成功地进行了格氏反应。所合成的焦脱镁叶绿酸α甲 酯的衍生物均经UV，IR，^1H NMR和元素分析确证。     

3-位苯并含氮杂环取代的焦脱镁叶绿酸-α甲酯的合成

以焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(MPP-a)(1)为起始原料,在二氯甲烷中与醋酸锌共回流得锌配合物2,在四氯钯锂催化下,通过与苯基氯化汞的偶联反应生成3b-苯基焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(3).分别选用四氧化锇、高钌酸四丙基铵(TPAP)和N-甲基吗啉N-氧化物将环外烯键氧化成邻二酮(4).在酸性条件下,4与邻苯二胺的缩合形成了3-位喹喔啉取代的焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(5).用四氧化锇和高碘酸钠将l的3-位碳碳双键氧化,则生成焦脱镁叶绿酸-d甲酯(6).所得卟吩醛与环己二酮和萘胺进行一锅法反应,得到3-位苯并吖啶取代的焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(7).所合成的新卟吩化合物均经UV,IR,1H NMB及元素分析证明其结构.     

（焦）脱镁叶绿酸－a甲酯的N~(21)N~(23)轴向化学结构修饰及其对可见光吸收的影响

以脱镁叶绿酸－a甲酯和焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯为起始原料，通过3－位乙烯基和 13~1-位环上基的化学反应，改变二氢中卟吩母环上N~(21)-N~(23)轴向的化学结构 ，完成了（焦）脱镁叶绿酸－a甲酯衍生物2～15的合成，并对其可见光谱的变化进 行了讨论。所合成的新叶绿酸衍生物均经UV，IR，~1H NMR及元素分析证明其结构 。     

红紫素-18酰亚胺衍生物的合成

以脱镁叶绿酸甲酯为原料, 通过对其3-位乙烯基的氧化, 得到3-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-3-去乙烯基脱镁叶绿酸甲酯, 经过甲酸处理得到3-(2-氧代乙基)-3-去乙烯基脱镁叶绿酸甲酯, 选择适当的条件, 通过Grignard 反应合成了对应的3-(2-羟基烷基)-3-去乙烯基脱镁叶绿酸甲酯. 实验结果表明: 3-(2-氧代乙基)-3-去乙烯基脱美叶绿酸甲酯和Grignard试剂的反应, 只要反应条件控制得当, 13²-位的甲氧甲酰基不会脱去. 结合E环的改造, 将其转变成酸酐环进而转变成N-取代的酰亚胺环. 目标化合物的合成也可以将3-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-去乙烯基脱镁叶绿酸甲酯转变成N-取代的酰亚胺后, 再和Grignard试剂反应, 完成目标化合物的合成. 合成的一系列化合物具有长波长的紫外吸收. 化合物的结构变化对紫外吸收的影响作了相应的讨论. 合成的新化合物均由核磁共振、红外光谱、元素分析予以证实.     

3-位长链烷基双(单)取代焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯的合成

以焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(1)为起始原料, 通过E环保护和3-位乙烯基的氧化反应得到卟吩醛2, 与长链烷基溴化镁的Grignard反应将3-位甲酰基转化为1-羟长链烷基, 选用TPAP和N-甲基吗啉N-氧化物混合氧化剂对卟吩仲醇3的羟基进行氧化, 生成3-位烷酰基焦脱镁叶绿酸-a衍生物4, 再与长链烷基溴化镁进行Grignard反应, 得到亲核加成产物卟吩叔醇5和还原产物3; 以对甲苯磺酸催化, 卟吩醇3和5在干燥苯中回流脱水, 分别给出反式结构的3-位长链烷基单或者双取代的焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯衍生物6和7. 所合成的叶绿酸衍生物均经UV, IR, ¹H NMR及元素分析证明其结构.     

焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯的溴化反应

以焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯为起始原料,通过与各种溴化剂的加成和取代反应,在3-位和meso-位上引进溴原子,分别得到单取代、三取代和四取代的溴化卟吩;其3-位乙烯基与溴化氢的加成则分别生成正常溴代产物和水解产物及其酯化产物.用四氧化锇和高碘酸钠将焦脱镁叶绿酸甲酯的3-位乙烯基氧化成醛,进而与四溴化碳和三苯基磷反应,生成3-位偕二溴取代焦脱镁叶绿酸衍生物.所合成的叶绿酸溴代衍生物均经UV, IR, 1H NMR及元素分析证明其结构.     

3-位环庚烷(酰)基取代的焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯的合成

以焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(MPP-a)为起始原料, 在对其E-环羰基进行保护的前提下, 经焦脱镁叶绿酸-d甲酯与环庚基溴化镁进行Grignard反应; 所生成新的卟吩仲醇再经脱保护、脱水和氧化等诸多反应, 将3-位仲羟基转化成碳碳双键和羰基, 其碳氧双键再行Grignard反应并脱水成烯, 完成一系列未见报道的3-位环庚基取代的焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯衍生物的合成. 其化学结构均经UV, IR, ¹H NMR及元素分析予以证实.     

Manganese(III) Acetate Oxidation of Alkyl Substituted 1-(Phenylsulfonyl)indoles

Methyl substituted 1-(phenylsulfonyl)indolines undergo tandem oxidation of the indoline ring and a C-2 methyl group. If there is no alkyl substituent at the C-2 position, nuclear acetoxylation can occur to afford oxindoles.     

One-pot syntheses of 2,6-diiododiaryl ethers from <Emphasis Type="Italic">para</Emphasis>-EWG-substituted phenols by diacetoxyiodobenzene

2,6-Diiododiaryl ethers are not only useful blocks to construct substituted diaryl ethers but are also characteristic drug precursors. In this research, a one-pot tandem oxidation of phenols substituted with electron-withdrawing group at the para position by excess diacetoxyiodobenzene is proven as a novel and efficient method for preparing 2,6-diiododiaryl ethers. Using this method, three new 2,6-diiododiaryl ethers, namely, methyl 3,5-diiodo-2-methoxy-4-phenoxybenzoate (2), methyl 3,5-diiodo-4-phenoxybenzoate (6), and 1-(2,6-diiodo-4-nitrophenoxy)benzene (7) were readily obtained from the corresponding phenols, and the yields were good.     

Synthesis of aminopyrimidylindoles structurally related to meridianins

The synthesis of new meridianin derivatives substituted at the C-5′ position of the 2-aminopyrimidine ring by various aryl groups and substituted or not by a methyl group on the indole nitrogen is described. The 2-aminopyrimidine ring was obtained via a Bredereck synthesis. Aryl groups were introduced by Suzuki cross-coupling after bromination of the 2-aminopyrimidine ring at the C-5′ position.     

C13-Methylation of methyl pheophorbide a and stereoselective preparation of methyl (13R)-methylpyropheophorbide a

The (13²R)-methoxycarbonyl group of methyl pheophorbide a, one of the chlorophyll-a derivatives, was converted to a methyl group through methylation at the C13² position followed by removal of the methoxycarbonyl group. The methylation of the C13² carboanion gave a 4:1 mixture of methyl 13²-methyl-pheophorbide a and its 13²-epimer. The successive pyrolysis of the major methylated product afforded methyl (13²R)-methyl-pyropheophorbide a with a small amount of its (13²S)-epimer. The substitution effects at the C13² position including stereochemistry were discussed on the basis of 1D/2D NMR, UV–vis absorption, and circular dichroism spectroscopic analyses as well as molecular modeling simulation.     

Synthesis of Chlorins Fused with Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycle by the Modification along Their N21–N23 axis

Quinoxalinodeoxopyropheophorbide‐a and benzimidazolopurpurin‐18 imide were obtained from methyl pheophorbide‐a by one‐pot method. The synthesis of a series of chlorins fused with nitrogen‐containing heterocycle was fulfilled by chemical modifications along their N²¹–N²³ axis such as LiOH‐promoted allomerization of C12‐methyl group, electrophilic addition to C3‐vinyl group, substitution at 20‐meso‐position and 1, 3‐dipolar cycloaddition with diazomethane at 3‐position. The structures of new chlorins were characterized by UV–vis, MS, ¹H NMR spectra, and elemental analysis.     

红紫素-18酰亚胺衍生物的合成及其可见光谱的研究

选择脱镁叶绿酸 a甲酯为原料进行 3 位化学修饰和E环改造 .经 3 乙烯基的溴化氢加成和与联苯酚的亲核取代反应 ,完成了 3 位联苯氧基的引入 ;在碱性条件下 ,通过空气氧化将E环转变为环己二羧酸酐形成红紫素 18甲酯衍生物 ;所得氧化产物进而和盐酸羟胺反应 ,经胺解开环和再缩合成环构成N 羟基红紫素 18酰亚胺衍生物 ;对其羟基进行烷基化和酰基化 ,合成出N 取代红紫素 18酰亚胺衍生物 .同时讨论了化学结构变化对分子可见光谱的影响 .所合成新化合物的结构均经UV ,IR ,1 HNMR光谱和元素分析予以确认     

Spontaneous reactions of electron‐accepting substituted quinodimethane with substituted styrenes: Inductive and steric effects on the formation of a zwitterionic intermediate

Spontaneous reactions of an electron‐accepting substituted quinodimethane, 1‐(2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane‐4,6‐dione‐5‐ylidene)‐4‐(dicyanomethylene)‐2,5‐cyclohexadiene, with p‐substituted, α‐substituted, and β‐substituted styrenes were investigated. When p‐substituted styrenes were used as comonomers, no spontaneous reactions took place for styrenes with an electron‐accepting p substituent such as COOMe and CN groups, and both terpolymers and cycloadducts were formed for the other p‐substituted styrenes. When α‐substituted and β‐substituted styrenes were used as comonomers, no reactions occurred for α‐ and β‐substituted styrenes with a bulky phenyl group, and spontaneous reactions took place for those with a smaller methyl group. The reaction products were an alternating copolymer for α‐substituted styrene and both terpolymers and 5‐ethylidene‐2,5‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane‐4,6‐dione for β‐substituted styrenes. The position of the methyl group in the styrenes significantly affected the product formation. This behavior in the spontaneous reactions was discussed on the basis of the ability of formation of the zwitterionic tetramethylene intermediate and its conformation, determined by polar and steric effects of the substituents in the substituted styrenes. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5195–5206, 2005