Travelling wave fronts in reaction-diffusion systems with spatio-temporal delays

This paper deals with the existence of travelling wave fronts in reaction-diffusion systems with spatio-temporal delays. Our approach is to use monotone iterations and a nonstandard ordering for the set of profiles of the corresponding wave system. New iterative techniques are established for a class of integral operators when the reaction term satisfies different monotonicity conditions. Following this, the existence of travelling wave fronts for reaction-diffusion systems with spatio-temporal delays is established. Finally, we apply the main results to a single-species diffusive model with spatio-temporal delay and obtain some existence criteria of travelling wave fronts by choosing different kernels.     

Traveling fronts in diffusive and cooperative Lotka–Volterra system with nonlocal delays

This paper is concerned with a diffusive and cooperative Lotka–Volterra model with distributed delays and nonlocal spatial effect. By using an iterative technique recently developed by Wang, Li and Ruan (Traveling wave fronts in reaction-diffusion systems with spatio-temporal delays, J. Differential Equations 222 (2006), 185–232), sufficient conditions are established for the existence of traveling wave front solutions connecting the zero and the positive equilibria by choosing different kernels. The result is an extension of an existing result for Fisher-KPP equation with nonlocal delay and is somewhat parallel to the existing result for diffusive and cooperative Lotka–Volterra system with discrete delays. Supported by the NNSF of China (10571078) and the Teaching and Research Award Program for Outstanding Young Teachers in Higher Education Institutions of Ministry of Education of China.     

Traveling wave fronts for generalized Fisher equations with spatio-temporal delays

We study the existence of traveling wave fronts for a reaction-diffusion equation with spatio-temporal delays and small parameters. The equation reduces to a generalized Fisher equation if small parameters are zero. We present two results. In the first one, we deal with the equation with very general kernels and show the persistence of Fisher wave fronts for all sufficiently small parameters. In the second one, we deal with some particular kernels, with which the nonlocal equation can be reduced to a system of singularly perturbed ODEs, and we are then able to apply the geometric singular perturbation theory and phase plane arguments to this system to show the existence of the minimal wave speed, the existence of a continuum of wave fronts, and the global uniqueness of the physical wave front with each wave speed.     

非局部时滞Schoner竞争反应扩散方程的行波解

构造并研究了一类具有非局部时滞Schoner竞争反应扩散模型．每一个种群的成熟期是一个常数,而且只有成年种群存在竞争,幼年的种群并不存在竞争,此外种群个体在空间区域中的运动是随机行走的．我们利用Wang,Li和Ruan建立的具有非局部时滞的反应扩散系统的波前解存在性理论,证明了连接两个边界平衡解的行波解的存在性．     

On the existence of traveling waves for delayed reaction-diffusion equations

We study the existence of traveling wave solutions for reaction-diffusion equations with nonlocal delay, where reaction terms are not necessarily monotone. The existence of traveling wave solutions for reaction-diffusion equations with nonlocal delays is obtained by combining upper and lower solutions for associated integral equations and the Schauder fixed point theorem. The smoothness of upper and lower solutions is not required in this paper.     

Traveling wavefronts for time-delayed reaction-diffusion equation: (II) Nonlocal nonlinearity

This is the second part of a series of study on the stability of traveling wavefronts of reaction-diffusion equations with time delays. In this paper we will consider a nonlocal time-delayed reaction-diffusion equation. When the initial perturbation around the traveling wave decays exponentially as x→−∞ (but the initial perturbation can be arbitrarily large in other locations), we prove the asymptotic stability of all traveling waves for the reaction-diffusion equation, including even the slower waves whose speed are close to the critical speed. This essentially improves the previous stability results by Mei and So [M. Mei, J.W.-H. So, Stability of strong traveling waves for a nonlocal time-delayed reaction-diffusion equation, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A 138 (2008) 551-568] for the speed with a small initial perturbation. The approach we use here is the weighted energy method, but the weight function is more tricky to construct due to the property of the critical wavefront, and the difficulty arising from the nonlocal nonlinearity is also overcome. Finally, by using the Crank-Nicholson scheme, we present some numerical results which confirm our theoretical study.     

Traveling fronts in diffusive and cooperative Lotka–Volterra system with nonlocal delays

This paper is concerned with a diffusive and cooperative Lotka–Volterra model with distributed delays and nonlocal spatial effect. By using an iterative technique recently developed by Wang, Li and Ruan (Traveling wave fronts in reaction-diffusion systems with spatio-temporal delays, J. Differential Equations 222 (2006), 185–232), sufficient conditions are established for the existence of traveling wave front solutions connecting the zero and the positive equilibria by choosing different kernels. The result is an extension of an existing result for Fisher-KPP equation with nonlocal delay and is somewhat parallel to the existing result for diffusive and cooperative Lotka–Volterra system with discrete delays.     

Spatial dynamics of a nonlocal and time-delayed reaction-diffusion system

In this paper, we investigate the spatial dynamics of a nonlocal and time-delayed reaction-diffusion system, which is motivated by an age-structured population model with distributed maturation delay. The spreading speed c^*, the existence of traveling waves with the wave speed c?c^*, and the nonexistence of traveling waves with c<c^* are obtained. It turns out that the spreading speed coincides with the minimal wave speed for monotone traveling waves.     

具有分布时滞和非局部空间效应的合作模型的行波解

考虑并研究了一类具有分布时滞和非局部空间效应影响的合作系统的反应扩散模型.利用Wang,Li和Ruan建立的非局部时滞反应扩散方程组波前解存在性的理论,证明了连接零平衡解和正平衡解的行波解的存在性.     

Existence and stability of traveling wave fronts in reaction advection diffusion equations with nonlocal delay

This paper is concerned with the existence, uniqueness and globally asymptotic stability of traveling wave fronts in the quasi-monotone reaction advection diffusion equations with nonlocal delay. Under bistable assumption, we construct various pairs of super- and subsolutions and employ the comparison principle and the squeezing technique to prove that the equation has a unique nondecreasing traveling wave front (up to translation), which is monotonically increasing and globally asymptotically stable with phase shift. The influence of advection on the propagation speed is also considered. Comparing with the previous results, our results recovers and/or improves a number of existing ones. In particular, these results can be applied to a reaction advection diffusion equation with nonlocal delayed effect and a diffusion population model with distributed maturation delay, some new results are obtained.     

Asymptotic speed of spread and traveling fronts for a nonlocal reaction–diffusion model with distributed delay

In this paper, a nonlocal reaction–diffusion model with distributed delay is studied. The asymptotic speed of spread is established for this model, and its coincidence with the minimal wave speed for traveling wave fronts is proved. Moreover, the dependence of the asymptotic speed of spread on delay and the nonlocal effect is considered. Our main finding here is that the delay can induce slow asymptotic speed of spread while the nonlocal effect can increase fast asymptotic speed of spread.     

On the Diffusive Nicholson’s Blowflies Equation with Nonlocal Delay

This paper is concerned with the diffusive Nicholson’s blowflies model with nonlocal (or spatiotemporal) delay. When the spatial variable is one-dimensional, we establish the existence of travelling wave-front solutions by using the approach developed by Wang, Li, and Ruan (J. Differ. Equ. 222, 185–232, 2006) on the existence of travelling front solutions of reaction–diffusion systems with nonlocal delay. Moreover, we consider the dependence of the minimal wave speed on the delay and the mobility of the population. Our main finding here is that delay can induce slow travelling wave-fronts and the mobility of the population can increase fast travelling wave-fronts. In particular, if we choose some special kernel forms, then our results include and improve some known results.      

Entire solutions in monostable reaction-diffusion equations with delayed nonlinearity

Entire solutions for monostable reaction-diffusion equations with nonlocal delay in one-dimensional spatial domain are considered. A comparison argument is employed to prove the existence of entire solutions which behave as two traveling wave solutions coming from both directions. Some new entire solutions are also constructed by mixing traveling wave solutions with heteroclinic orbits of the spatially averaged ordinary differential equations, and the existence of such a heteroclinic orbit is established using the monotone dynamical systems theory. Key techniques include the characterization of the asymptotic behaviors of solutions as t→−∞ in term of appropriate subsolutions and supersolutions. Two models of reaction-diffusion equations with nonlocal delay arising from mathematical biology are given to illustrate main results.     

具有阶段结构和非线性种群内制约关系竞争系统的行波解

构造并研究一类具有非局部时滞和非线性种内制约关系的竞争系统的反应扩散模型.利用Wang,Li和Ruan建立的非局部时滞反应扩散方程组波前解存在性的理论,证明了连接两个边界平衡解的行波解的存在性.     

Existence,uniqueness and stability of pyramidal traveling fronts in reaction-diffusion systems

In the one-dimensional space, traveling wave solutions of parabolic differential equations have been widely studied and well characterized. Recently, the mathematical study on higher-dimensional traveling fronts has attracted a lot of attention and many new types of nonplanar traveling waves have been observed for scalar reaction-diffusion equations with various nonlinearities. In this paper, by using the comparison argument and constructing appropriate super- and subsolutions, we study the existence, uniqueness and stability of threedimensional traveling fronts of pyramidal shape for monotone bistable systems of reaction-diffusion equations in R³. The pyramidal traveling fronts are characterized as either a combination of planar traveling fronts on the lateral surfaces or a combination of two-dimensional V-form waves on the edges of the pyramid. In particular, our results are applicable to some important models in biology, such as Lotka-Volterra competition-diffusion systems with or without spatio-temporal delays, and reaction-diffusion systems of multiple obligate mutualists.     

Two-dimensional curved fronts in a periodic shear flow

This paper is devoted to the study of traveling fronts of reaction-diffusion equations with periodic advection in the whole plane R². We are interested in curved fronts satisfying some “conical” conditions at infinity. We prove that there is a minimal speed c^∗ such that curved fronts with speed c exist if and only if c≥c^∗. Moreover, we show that such curved fronts are decreasing in the direction of propagation, that is, they are increasing in time. We also give some results about the asymptotic behaviors of the speed with respect to the advection, diffusion and reaction coefficients.     

Persistence of wavefronts in delayed nonlocal reaction-diffusion equations

We develop a perturbation argument based on existing results on asymptotic autonomous systems and the Fredholm alternative theory that yields the persistence of traveling wavefronts for reaction-diffusion equations with nonlocal and delayed nonlinearities, when the time lag is relatively small. This persistence result holds when the nonlinearity of the corresponding ordinary reaction-diffusion system is either monostable or bistable. We then illustrate this general result using five different models from population biology, epidemiology and bio-reactors.     

Existence of traveling wave fronts in delayed reaction-diffusion systems via the monotone iteration method

The monotone iteration method is employed to establish the existence of traveling wave fronts in delayed reaction-diffusion systems with monostable nonlinearities.

     

Travelling Wave Solutions in Delayed Reaction Diffusion Systems with Partial Monotonicity

This paper deals with the existence of travelling wave fronts of delayed reaction diffusion systems with partial quasi-monotonicity. We propose a concept of ＂desirable pair of upper-lower solutions＂, through which a subset can be constructed. We then apply the Schauder＇s fixed point theorem to some appropriate operator in this subset to obtain the existence of the travelling wave fronts.     

Asymptotic behavior of travelling fronts of the delayed Fisher equation

This paper is concerned with the travelling wave fronts of the delayed Fisher equation. By Laplace transform, it is proved that all the travelling wave fronts of the delayed Fisher equation satisfy certain asymptotic behavior. Then the existence of such travelling wave fronts is established.