a—Ge／Au双层膜分形过程的计算机模拟

从实验观察结果出发,提出与传统扩散控制聚集(DLA)模型不同的分形生长模型,用Monte-Carlo方法模拟了具有不同界面结构的a-Ge/Au双层膜在晶化过程的分形行为,得到了和实验结果相符合的分形结构。结果表明:在a-Ge/Au双层膜的退火过程中,由非晶晶化潜热形成的局域温度场在分形过程中起主要作用;密集分枝结构的出现是由粒子扩散的局域性引起的;模拟结果还表明DLA形态的分形结构也可以在粒子扩散距离相对短的条件下获得。     

硅橡胶电树枝老化过程的实验及模拟研究

在交流高电场下研究了硅橡胶的老化过程,通过显微镜观察到了硅橡胶老化后产生的具有分形特征的电树枝结构,并对不同电压下获得的电树枝进行了形态以及分形维数方面的描述.基于修正的DLA模型和球状生长模型分别构建了相应的模拟算法,并对电树枝结构的生长过程进行了数值模拟,获得了较好的电树枝模拟结果.同时,也分析了不同模型下的模拟结果与实验结果在形态以及分形维数上的差异.     

分形凝聚粒子的光散射特性研究

粒子的形状和凝聚对光散射特性有着很大的影响.基于分形生长的受限扩散(DLA)模型,模拟了凝聚粒子的三维空间分形结构,并采用回转半径法计算了凝聚粒子的分形维数.利用离散偶极子近似(DDA)方法研究了纳米石墨凝聚粒子的光散射特性,对于原始粒子数不同的凝聚粒子及分形结构不同的凝聚粒子,数值计算了散射强度和偏振度随散射角的分布...     

a-Ge/Au双层膜退火后分形区的形成

本文用透射电子显微镜观察了a-Ge/Au双层膜在不同退火温度后出现的分形区域,并计算了它们的分数维数。100℃退火时,触发分形结晶区的成核位较少,形成良好的具有无规分叉、自相似的分形区,分数维数为1.785±0.01。200℃退火时,成核位迅速增加,除了分数维数为:1.818±0.008的分形区外,还出现孤立的无枝叉结构的岛状区域。300℃退火时,只出现尺寸很不相同的两种岛状区域,对上述枝叉伏、岛状区域的出现以及a-Ge膜的晶化和Au膜缩聚之间的关系进行了讨论。 关键词：     

分形理论结合相变动力学的冷表面结霜过程模拟

运用分形理论并结合相变动力学模拟冷表面上结霜过程.在相变动力学基础上成功模拟了结霜初始阶段水蒸气在冷表面上凝结、液滴生长及冻结过程,随后运用分形理论的有限制的扩散凝聚(diffusion limited aggregation,DLA) 模型模拟了霜晶在冻结液滴表面上的形成生长过程.模拟结果与实验结果取得良好的一致,模拟过程中凝结液滴出现及冻结的时间与实验结果几乎完全符合;液滴冻结之前其表面接触半径随时间变化的模拟结果与实验结果基本一致,同时模拟霜层厚度与实验测得霜层厚度也非常接近.研究结果对于探讨分形理 关键词： 分形 相变动力学 结霜 模拟     

退火a—Ge／Pb叠层膜的扩散机制与电阻率的反常行为

研究了a-Ge/Pb叠层膜不同温度下退火的行为,得到:PB诱导a-Ge晶化;发现a-Ge/Pb叠层膜在退火互扩散过程中存在两种扩散机制;对a-Ge/Pb为200nm/100nm的叠层膜,在退火互扩散中择优取向的Pb膜出现重新结晶。解释了退火过程中叠层膜电阻率的反常行为。     

退火a-Ge/Pb叠层膜的扩散机制与电阻率的反常行为

研究了a-Ge/Pb叠层膜不同温度下退火的行为,得到:PB诱导a-Ge晶化;发现a-Ge/Pb叠层膜在退火互扩散过程中存在两种扩散机制;对a-Ge/Pb为200nm/100nm的叠层膜,在退火互扩散中择优取向的Pb膜出现重新结晶。解释了退火过程中叠层膜电阻率的反常行为。     

载能原子沉积Au/Au(100)外延薄膜生长的计算机模拟

在分子动力学研究的基础上建立了载能原子的沉积动力学物理模型,并根据在局域环境下的表面原子扩散模型,通过运动学Monte Carlo方法研究了载能粒子沉积Au/Au(100)薄膜的初期生长过程,探讨了载能粒子沉积对薄膜生长的影响及其随基体温度的变化.通过计算机模拟发现：载能粒子沉积的Au/Au(100)薄膜生长仍然呈现层状生长-三维岛状生长-准二维层状.在薄膜生长初期,载能粒子的作用是促进表面原子的成核,增加基体表面的缺陷;在薄膜的生长阶段,载能粒子通过抑制三维岛的生长速率起着平滑薄膜表面形貌的作用.载能粒 关键词：     

纳米流体的聚集结构和导热系数模拟

本文根据布朗运动理论模拟纳米粒子在流体中的聚集过程，运用分形理论描述纳米粒子团的结构．考虑纳米粒子的运动传热，建立纳米流体的导热系数模型，理论预测值与实验结果显现了良好的一致性。     

改进的DLA方法模拟薄膜二维生长

对经典的DLA模型进行改进，研究了薄膜的二维生长过程.通过改变表征吸附原子在基底扩散 能力的参量D_T，D_C以及表征沉积速率的参量D_V，得到 了与实验一致的薄 膜分形生长模式和团状生长模式.分析了薄膜的形核阶段原子团的大小分布，以及不同条件 下原子团的数目和大小随覆盖度的变化. 关键词： DLA 薄膜生长 分形生长 团状生长     

Fractal aggregates evolution of methyl red in liquid crystal

The spontaneous formation of dendritic aggregates is observed in a two-dimensional confined layered system consisting of a film composed of liquid crystal, dye and solvent cast above a polymer substrate. The observed aggregates are promoted by phase separation processes induced by dye diffusion and solvent evaporation. The growth properties of the aggregates are studied through the temporal evolution of their topological properties (surface, perimeter, fractal dimension). The fractal dimension of the completely formed structures, when they are coexistent with different types of structures, is consistent with theoretical and experimental values obtained for Diffusion-Limited Aggregates. Under different experimental conditions (temperature and local dye concentration) the structure forms without interactions with other kinds of structures, and its equilibrium fractal dimension is smaller. The fractal dimension is thus not a universal property of the observed structures, but rather depends on the experimental conditions.     

Dynamics and instability of solid-state dewetting

Spontaneous dewetting of solid thin films proceeds by edge retraction of film edges and/or by heterogeneous void growth. Classical 1D and 2D continuous models of the evolution of a dewetting film, based on surface diffusion mechanisms, predict that in the long-time limit dewetting obeys universal scaling laws. In this paper, we review 1D and 2D predictions and recent experimental results. For this purpose, using Si(001)/SiO₂ and Ge(001)/SiO₂ single-crystalline thin films in different geometries, we have been able to compare theoretical predictions to experimental results obtained by combining in situ LEEM and ex situ AFM measurements. For dewetting from film edges, experimental results partially differ from continuous models predictions. More precisely, because of the crystallographic anisotropy: (i) the facetted edges remain stable during dewetting (they simply recede at constant shape) while poorly or un-facetted edges are unstable (they recede by finger formation); (ii) rim formation, induced by mass-conservation condition, proceeds in a layer-by-layer mode and is limited by 2D nucleation properties on the top of the rim; (iii) the island generation mechanism differs from the mass shedding behaviour predicted by 1D models. For dewetting mechanisms involving void growth, different behaviours are reported and discussed. For thin Si(001)/SiO₂ films, the corners of the opening square-shaped voids lead to a local destabilisation of the growing voids. For thin Ge(001)/SiO₂ films, the side of the voids invariably turns instable and forms tip dendrites whose branch density depends on the temperature and the initial film thickness. Finally, ultra-thin films, more sensitive to local fluctuations, dewet in a fractal geometry.     

基于分形编码的M型恒星光谱次型自动识别

根据天体光谱自身的局部分形特征,对光谱中400~510,600~700和780~900 nm三个波段的数据分形编码,并以编码中匹配数据块位置与最小匹配误差为特征,将分形方法应用于天体光谱次型识别。实验表明,分形方法不受LAMOST流量定标误差、仪器效率曲线的影响,具有一定的抗噪性,可以有效地自动识别LAMOST与SDSS的M型恒星光谱次型。     

Analysis of fractal dimensions in the express diagnostics of bacterial colonies

The features of the formation of speckle structures under irradiation of a model fractal (Sierpinski carpet) have been investigated. The relationship between the fractal properties of the diffraction pattern and the scattering structure parameters (model fractal geometrical sizes, fractal depth) has been analyzed for the irradiation by a focused light beam, whose size is comparable with that of the irradiated object. The results of the computer simulation of the Gaussian beam scattering in bacterial colonies are compared with the experimental data.     

Subcooled pool boiling heat transfer in fractal nanofluids:A novel analytical model

A novel analytical model to determine the heat flux of subcooled pool boiling in fractal nanofluids is developed. The model considers the fractal character of nanofluids in terms of the fractal dimension of nanoparticles and the fractal dimen- sion of active cavities on the heated surfaces; it also takes into account the effect of the Brownian motion of nanoparticles, which has no empirical constant but has parameters with physical meanings. The proposed model is expressed as a function of the subcooling of fluids and the wall superheat. The fractal analytical model is verified by a reasonable agreement with the experimental data and the results obtained from existing models.     

Fractal properties of aggregates of metal nanoclusters on solid surface

AFM images are used to determine and analyze fractal characteristics (cluster fraction dimension and lacunarity) of aggregates of Au and Ag nanoclusters on metal films of the same metal produced with the aid of thermal vacuum deposition on mica surface. A fractal dimension of 1.6 that corresponds to typical samples with relatively uniform distribution of nanoclusters on the film surface is in agreement with the mean value calculated from experimental data of Belko et al., who studied the fractal dimension of Au nanoclusters on a different dielectric (quartz) surface. When a compact single aggregate of Au nanoclusters is formed on a certain active center or defect, the fractal cluster dimension decreases to 1.4. The experimental data are compared with the results of existing theoretical models of association of nanoclusters in 2D systems.     

Fractal Aggregation Near the Threshold

In this papel, we present two fractal aggregation models, line pattern seed model (model 1) and point pattern seed model (model 2), which are particle-cluster models. Using the current models, we investigate the critical transition in fractal aggregation processes in two dimensions, and suggest a method for finding the critical transition point. The computer simulation results show that the critical concentration is P_ca=0.69±0.02 for model 1 and P_ca=0.72±0.01 for model 2, critical fractal dimension. D_c= 1.71±0.06 for model 1 and D_c=1.66±0.07 for model 2, which are in good agreement with those of DLA model (D=5/3) and experimental data. The results also show that the critical transition point in two dimensions seems to be inilependent of the size of lattices and the initial seed patterns. The results seem to belong to the same universality class.     

用分形理论对结霜过程的数值模拟研究

初始霜晶在冻结的冰珠上产生,随着初始霜晶的生长分枝,枝晶上又不断长出枝晶,这一过程具有自相似性,具有分形生长的特征。本文应用分形理论中的有限扩散聚集(DLA)模型,建立了霜层初期生长过程模型,数值模拟分析了空气流速、冷表面不均匀性、表面接触角等对霜层生长过程的影响,得到了接触角越大霜层生长越慢等与理论分析及实验结果相符的数值模拟结果。     

Electro-chemical manifestation of nanoplasmonics in fractal media

Electrodynamics of composite materials with fractal geometry is studied in the framework of fractional calculus. This consideration establishes a link between fractal geometry of the media and fractional integrodifferentiation. The photoconductivity in the vicinity of the electrode-electrolyte fractal interface is studied. The methods of fractional calculus are employed to obtain an analytical expression for the giant local enhancement of the optical electric field inside the fractal composite structure at the condition of the surface plasmon excitation. This approach makes it possible to explain experimental data on photoconductivity in the nano-electrochemistry.