基于辛弹性力学方法的中厚板板形翘曲行为分析

针对中厚板轧制过程中经常出现的头/尾部翘曲问题,在进行有限元分析的基础上,指出出现这种翘曲问题的主要原因是由于在轧制过程中上下表面的延伸不一致.为了进一步分析其延伸差与翘曲量大小的关系,论文将辛弹性力学方法引入到板形翘曲计算中,将翘曲计算这个给定初应变的三维弹性变形问题转化为一个给定初应力和边界条件的平面应变问题,并应用辛弹性力学方法对中厚板钢板的头尾部板形翘曲的力学产生机理进行了解析研究,获得了中厚板钢板产生头尾部翘曲的完备的应力场、位移场表达式,建立了中厚板翘曲高度和厚度方向上延伸差的解析关系,为翘曲控制提供了理论指导.在此基础上,根据上述理论对现场产生的翘曲问题进行了分析,找出了其翘曲产生的原因,提出了工艺改进措施,取得了显著的应用效果.     

薄宽带材局部纵向屈曲的辛弹性力学求解方法

局部纵向屈曲是普遍存在于薄宽带材生产过程的板形缺陷,是屈曲研究的难点,精确的解析求解方法对局部纵向屈曲形成机理的研究和板形质量的提高具有重要意义。本文将任意位置的局部纵向屈曲分为带材边部和内部两类,采用辛弹性力学方法直接推导得到了局部纵向屈曲区域承受不同边界约束条件时的临界屈曲应力和屈曲挠度函数,并将求解结果与有限元和相关文献结果进行了对比。结果表明：辛弹性力学方法与有限元方法相比具有相同计算精度和更高的计算效率,计算精度高于传统能量法;带材边界的约束条件对临界屈曲应力、屈曲区域几何形状和屈曲挠度函数均存在显著影响,验证了传统能量法求解的不足,有利于提高局部屈曲计算精度。     

弹性力学问题的一阶有限元解法

求解弹性力学问题的应力时,如果采用常规的位移有限元法,需要先求得单元的节点位移,再经过求导运算得到。为了解决这种求解方式引起的应力精度下降的问题,提出了弹性力学问题的一阶多变量形式,使得应力与位移精度同阶,并推导了弱形式。采用有限元方法,对弹性力学问题给出了一阶解法的二维、三维数值算例,并且将一阶解法的结果与常规位移有限元法的解进行了比较。数值计算结果表明,一阶解法有效提高了应力的精度,并且应力的误差和节点位移的误差具有相同的收敛阶,验证了本文方法的有效性,为提高有限元法的应力精度提供了新的思路。     

关于以应力表示的弹性力学边值问题

以六个应力分量表示的弹性力学边值问题由九个方程和三个边条件组成,本文探讨了它等价于六个方程和六个边界条件的可能情形和不可能情形。     

用材料力学解的切应力求解弹性力学问题

分析了切应力与正应力的关系,讨论了导出切应力公式的条件,提出按切应力求解弹性力学问题的方法. 证明凡是$\sigma_y$与$x$无关的梁或者已知切应力为零的问题,按切应力求解都是可行的. 用这种方法求解比传统方法方便,运算简单. 该文给出了用切应力求解弹性力学平面问题的两个算例.     

基于Hamilton体系的弹性力学问题的比例边界有限元方法

比例边界有限元方法是求解偏微分方程的一种半解析半数值解法。对于弹性力学问题,可采用基于力学相似性、基于比例坐标相似变换的加权余量法和虚功原理得到以位移为未知量的系统控制方程,属于Lagrange体系。但在求解时,又引入了表面力为未知量,控制方程属于Hamilton体系。因而,本文提出在比例边界有限元离散方法的基础上,利...     

功能梯度材料平面问题的辛弹性力学解法

将辛弹性力学解法推广用于功能梯度材料平面问题的分析,考虑沿长度方向弹性模量为指数函数变化而泊松比为常数的矩形域平面弹性问题,给出了具体的求解步骤. 提出了移位Hamilton矩阵的新概念,建立起相应的辛共轭正交关系;导出了对应特殊本征值的本征解,发现材料的非均匀特性使特殊本征解的形式发生明显的变化.      

增强相形态对复合材料微区力学状态影响的有限元分析

采用三维有限元方法模拟了非连续增强金属基复合材料的应力场，得到了不同长径比的椭球形增强体周围的最大主应力场和应力球张量场的分布，分析了增强体长径比对非连续增强金属基复合材料的应力场、应力集中、界面应力过渡及材料内部最危险位置的影响。与仅适用于稀疏夹杂的Eshelby单夹杂模型相比，本文模型(体积分数约为20％—60％)与工程实际更加接近，所得的椭球状增强体内部应力分布并不均匀的计算结果与Eshelby的经典解析解有所不同。     

按位移求解弹性力学平面问题的解析构造解研究

针对弹性力学平面问题偏微分方程组的位移法,引入多指数函数,提出了含未知参量的指数函数、三角函数和线性函数组合形式的位移函数解析构造解。建立了任意边界条件与未知参量之间所满足的非线性代数方程组,确定了边界节点条件和未知参量的数量关系。推导了具有对称位移边界的位移函数解析构造解。构建了位移函数构造解的精度判定方法。求解了具有对称位移边界条件的矩形板算例的位移解与误差分析。研究结果可为位移法理论和实际工程应用提供参考。     

弹性力学平面问题的新解法—应力分量法

本文提出了一种求解弹性力学平面问题的新方法－应力分量法，并对经典的平面问题进行了求解，解答正确，方法便捷，与传统的应力函数法相比，难度小，费时少，速度快。     

Mixed-mode thermal stress intensity factors from the finite element discretized symplectic method

A finite element discretized symplectic method is introduced to find the thermal stress intensity factors (TSIFs) under steady-state thermal loading by symplectic expansion. The cracked body is modeled by the conventional finite elements and divided into two regions: near and far fields. In the near field, Hamiltonian systems are established for the heat conduction and thermoelasticity problems respectively. Closed form temperature and displacement functions are expressed by symplectic eigen-solutions in polar coordinates. Combined with the analytic symplectic series and the classical finite elements for arbitrary boundary conditions, the main unknowns are no longer the nodal temperature and displacements but are the coefficients of the symplectic series after matrix transformation. The TSIFs, temperatures, displacements and stresses at the singular region are obtained simultaneously without any post-processing. A number of numerical examples as well as convergence studies are given and are found to be in good agreement with the existing solutions.     

Eigenfunction expansion method and its application to two-dimensional elasticity problems based on stress formulation

This paper proposes an eigenfunction expansion method to solve twodimensional （2D） elasticity problems based on stress formulation. By introducing appropriate state functions, the fundamental system of partial differential equations of the above 2D problems is rewritten as an upper triangular differential system. For the associated operator matrix, the existence and the completeness of two normed orthogonal eigenfunction systems in some space are obtained, which belong to the two block operators arising in the operator matrix. Moreover, the general solution to the above 2D problem is given by the eigenfunction expansion method.     

Characteristic equation solution strategy for deriving fundamental analytical solutions of 3D isotropic elasticity

A simple characteristic equation solution strategy for deriving the fundamental analytical solutions of 3D isotropic elasticity is proposed. By calculating the determinant of the differential operator matrix obtained from the governing equations of 3D elasticity, the characteristic equation which the characteristic general solution vectors must satisfy is established. Then, by substitution of the characteristic general solution vectors, which satisfy various reduced characteristic equations, into various reduced adjoint matrices of the differential operator matrix, the corresponding fundamental analytical solutions for isotropic 3D elasticity, including Boussinesq-Galerkin (B-G) solutions, modified Papkovich-Neuber solutions proposed by Min-zhong WANG (P-N-W), and quasi HU Hai-chang solutions, can be obtained. Furthermore, the independence characters of various fundamental solutions in polynomial form are also discussed in detail. These works provide a basis for constructing complete and independent analytical trial functions used in numerical methods.     

Two-dimensional complete rational analysis of functionally graded beams within symplectic framework

Exact solutions for generally supported functionally graded plane beams are given within the framework of symplectic elasticity. The Young’s modulus is assumed to exponentially vary along the longitudinal direction while the Poisson’s ratio remains constant. The state equation with a shift-Hamiltonian operator matrix has been established in the previous work, which is limited to the Saint-Venant solution. Here, a complete rational analysis of the displacement and stress distributions in the beam is presented by exploring the eigensolutions that are usually covered up by the Saint-Venant principle. These solutions play a significant role in the local behavior of materials that is usually ignored in the conventional elasticity methods but possibly crucial to the material/structure failures. The analysis makes full use of the symplectic orthogonality of the eigensolutions. Two illustrative examples are presented to compare the displacement and stress results with those for homogenous materials, demonstrating the effects of material inhomogeneity.     

Eigenfunction expansion method of upper triangular operator matrix and application to two-dimensional elasticity problems based on stress formulation

This paper studies the eigenfunction expansion method to solve the two-dimensional(2D) elasticity problems based on the stress formulation.The fundamentalsystem of partial differential equations of the 2D problems is rewritten as an upper tri-angular differential system based on the known results,and then the associated uppertriangular operator matrix matrix is obtained.By further research,the two simpler com-plete orthogonal systems of eigenfunctions in some space are obtained,which belong tothe two block operators arising in the operator matrix.Then,a more simple and conve-nient general solution to the 2D problem is given by the eigenfunction expansion method.Furthermore,the boundary conditions for the 2D problem,which can be solved by thismethod,are indicated.Finally,the validity of the obtained results is verified by a specificexample.     

A generalized constitutive elasticity law for GLPD micromorphic materials,with application to the problem of a spherical shell subjected to axisymmetric loading conditions

In this work we propose to replace the GLPD hypo-elasticity law by a more rigorous generalized Hooke's law based on classical material symmetry characterization assumptions. This law introduces in addition to the two well-known Lame's moduli, five constitutive constants. An analytical solution is derived for the problem of a spherical shell subjected to axisymmetric loading conditions to illustrate the potential of the proposed generalized Hooke's law.     

Determination of stress intensity factors by the finite element discretized symplectic method

When rewriting the governing equations in Hamiltonian form, analytical solutions in the form of symplectic series can be obtained by the method of separation of variable satisfying the crack face conditions. In theory, there exists sufficient number of coefficients of the symplectic series to satisfy any outer boundary conditions. In practice, the matrix relating the coefficients to the outer boundary conditions is ill-conditioned unless the boundary is very simple, e.g., circular. In this paper, a new two-level finite element method using the symplectic series as global functions while using the conventional finite element shape functions as local functions is developed. With the available classical finite elements and symplectic series, the main unknowns are no longer the nodal displacements but are the coefficients of the symplectic series. Since the first few coefficients are the stress intensity factors, post-processing is not required. A number of numerical examples as well as convergence studies are given.     

A stress analytical solution for Mode III crack within modified gradient elasticity

The strain gradient exists near a crack tip may significantly influence the near-tip stress field. In this paper, the strain gradient and the internal length scales are introduced into the basic equations of mode III crack by the modified gradient elasticity (MGE). By using a complex function approach, the analytical solution of stress fields for mode III crack problem is derived within MGE. When the internal length scales vanish, the stress fields can be simplified to the stress fields of classical linear elastic fracture mechanics. The results show that the singularity of the shear stress is made up of two parts, r^−1/2 part and r^−3/2 part, and the sign of the stress σ_yz changes. With the increase of l_x, the peak value of σ_yz decrease and its location moves farther from the fracture vertex. The influence of strain gradient for mode III crack problem cannot be ignored.     

Stokes流问题中的辛本征解方法

通过引入哈密顿体系,将二维Stokes流问题归结为哈密顿体系下的本 征值和本征解问题. 利用辛本征解空间的完备性,建立一套封闭的求解问题方法. 研究结果 表明零本征值本征解描述了基本的流动,而非零本征值本征解则显示着端部效应影响特点. 数值算例给出了辛本征值和本征解的一些规律和具体例子. 这些数值例子说明了端部非规则 流动的衰减规律. 为研究其它问题提供了一条路径.