Isomerization of N-[α-(Alkylthio)alkyl]- and N-[α-(Arylthio)alkyl]benzotriazoles

The thermal isomerizations of N-[α-(alkylthio)alkyl]- and N-[α-(arylthio)alkyl]benzotriazoles have been investigated under N₂ atmospheres (i) in toluene, xylene, MeOH, or EtOH, in the presence of acid catalysts and (ii) in the absence of solvent. The sulfide isomerization rates depend on the number of H-atoms carried by the C-atom attached to the N-atom of the benzotriazole: tertiary (no hydrogen) > secondary (1 hydrogen) > primary (2 hydrogens). The results support an isomenzation mechanism involving a heterolytic N? C bond cleavage with formation of sulfonium/carbonium and benzotriazolate ions.     

Three ruthenocene derivatives: (η5‐4,7‐dimethylindenyl)(η5‐pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium(II), [η5‐[2](4,7)indeno[2]paracyclophanyl](η5‐pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium(II) and bis[η5‐[2](4,7)indeno[2]paracyclophanyl]­ruthenium(II)

In the title compounds, [Ru(C₁₀H₁₅)(C₁₁H₁₁)], (III), [Ru(C₁₀H₁₅)(C₁₉H₁₇)], (IV), and [Ru(C₁₉H₁₇)₂], (V), respectively, the coordinating ring systems are planar and parallel, with the Ru atoms lying at perpendicular distances of Ru–Cp* 1.790 (1) Å and Ru–indenyl 1.836 (1) Å in (III), Ru–Cp* 1.791 (1) Å and Ru–indenyl 1.837 (1) Å in (IV), and Ru–indenyl 1.812 (1) Å and 1.809 (1) Å in (V) (Cp* is penta­methyl­cyclo­penta­dienyl). The ring conformations are eclipsed for (III), staggered for (IV) and intermediate for (V). All three compounds show short intermolecular contacts from C—H groups to some ring centroids; these could be regarded as C—H?π hydrogen bonds. The mol­ecules of each compound are thus connected via the 2₁ screw axis to form layers parallel to the xy plane.