二极管激光阵列在Talbot外腔中同相模的选择

 从理论和实验上对二极管激光阵列在Talbot外腔中的锁相进行了研究。在同相模和异相模近场分布的基础上,利用1维情况下的菲涅耳衍射公式计算了其远场分布。根据同相模和异相模在Talbot腔中的分布特性,采用1/2 Talbot腔并将外腔镜倾斜一个角度a的方法既能选择同相模,又能使模式的功率损耗最小。二极管激光阵列芯片采用CD金刚石材料,“三明治”结构对其进行封装,明显地减小了阵列的“smile”效应。在实验中实现了二极管激光阵列同相模的锁相输出,远场单瓣模的半高全宽为0.11 mm。     

Experimental study of cophasing dynamics in passive coherent combining of fiber lasers

We have used a two-channel fiber laser array for the study of cophasing dynamics in a passively locked laser array for coherent combining. Starting from an in-phase laser emission, the array was unbalanced by a short phase perturbation introduced on one arm. The dynamics for recovery of phase locking and recovery of initial power of the laser array have been characterized. Cophasing was found to be quickly restored, in a few cavity rounds, before the gain dynamics brought back the steady-state power.     

Output mode characteristics of an in-phase locked gain waveguide array CO2 laser

In this paper,experimental and theoretical studies of the output mode characteristics of an in-phase locked gain waveguide array CO 2 laser are reported.The experimental results of the optical oscillation mode frequency,the far-field intensity distribution and the burnt pattern of the sliced waveguide array laser are obtained.A revised mode expression of the rectangle waveguide,which is suited for this waveguide array CO 2 laser,is proposed.The theoretical simulation results based on the revised mode expression are shown to be in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Global coupling with time delay in an array of semiconductor lasers

Synchronization due to a weak global coupling with time delay in a semiconductor laser array is investigated both in the cw and self-pulsing regimes. A generalized form of the Kuramoto phase equations is derived and discussed analytically. The time delay is shown to induce in-phase synchronization in all dynamical regimes. Another form of synchronization is found which leads to local extinction of self-pulsing in the array.     

Talbot外腔锁相相位补偿元件的理论计算

 在菲涅耳衍射公式和模耦合理论的基础上，对有相位补偿的 Talbot外腔锁相在腔内场的分布进行了数值计算。计算结果表明：理想的相位补偿元件模式选择镜能够消除由于边缘效应引起的近场幅度不均匀，而且同相模的衍射损耗非常小，能有效地起到选择同相模的作用。实用的相位补偿元件相位型光栅对近场的幅度没有影响，也能够明显地减小同相模的衍射损耗，起到选择同相模的作用。     

Long-exposure far-field properties of the array of mutually-injected fiber lasers

In this paper, the long-exposure far-field properties of the array of mutually-injected fiber lasers are studied to understand the effect of the multiple phase-locked states on coherent beam combining of the array. It is found that the long-exposure far-field will degenerate into the superposition of the intensities of the elementary lasers when all the phase-locked states of the array are exported with the same probability. It means that the interference pattern will be greatly weakened in the long-exposure far-field because of the export of multiple phase-locked states of the array. This result implies that the multiple phase-locked states of the array go against coherent beam combining of the array, and only some of these phase-locked states should be exported. Then, the effects of the high-order phase-locked states on the far-field are discussed. The result suggests that only the in-phase state should be exported (i.e., all the other phase-locked states should be suppressed) in order to realize high-efficiency (> 80%) coherent beam combining when the number of the elementary lasers of the array is smaller than 19.     

非等间距高频波导线阵列指向性研究

研究了非等间距高频波导组成的线阵列的远场垂直指向性。提出了更符合实际应用的高频波导线阵列非等间距排列模型。通过分析同相点声源阵列的指向性,结合扬声器线阵列乘积理论得到了计算所提出模型远场垂直指向性的方法,对模型进行了有限元仿真,并实验验证了理论计算值的准确性,最后分析了高频波导线阵列非等间距排列对指向性的影响。结果表明:该方法简单有效。在有效辐射率相等的情况下,非等间距高频波导线阵列与等间距线阵列的远场指向性主瓣差异很小。      

Multiple paths to enhance optical transmission through a single subwavelength slit

In this Letter, we explore transmission properties of a single subwavelength slit flanked by a finite array of grooves made on a thick metallic film. We identify three main mechanisms that can enhance optical transmission: groove cavity mode excitation (controlled by the depth of the grooves), in-phase groove reemission (controlled by the period of the groove array), and slit waveguide mode (controlled by the thickness of the metal film). By tuning these geometrical parameters, enhancements of transmission of light by up to 2 orders of magnitude can be achieved when all three mechanisms coincide. Experimental verification of these findings is also shown for structured silver films fabricated by focused-ion-beam milling.     

Third-frequency-moment sum rule for electronic multilayers

The authors establish the third-frequency-moment sum rules for the density-density reponse matrix of electronic multilayer structures modeled as an array of N parallel two-dimensional (2D) electron-plasma monolayers. Layer densities and spacings between adjacent layers need not be equal. Contact is made with previously established sum rules for the isolated 2D electron liquid and type-1 infinite superlattices. The case of the equal-density bilayer is considered and its third frequency-moment-sum-rules for the in-phase and out-of-phase inverse dielectric functions are formulated.     

外腔锁相半导体激光器列阵的稳态分析

给出了描述半导体激光器列阵(LDA)稳定状态的非线性方程组。对非线性方程组进行了分析,研究了LDA在稳态运行时的特性。分别分析了LDA在同相模运行和反相模运行时,载流子浓度、振荡频率以及光子数密度与自由运行时相比较所发生的变化。     

Coherent beam combining of pulsed fiber lasers with hybrid phase control

We demonstrate a scalable architecture for coherent combining of all-fiber pulsed lasers with hybrid phase control involving passive phasing and active phasing for the first time. Synchronized and passive phased pulsed laser array is built by intra-activity phase modulation. Active phase control on the passive phased pulsed laser array using stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm provides stable in-phase coherent beam combining pattern in a turbulent atmosphere. The fringe visibility is increased from 0 two 0.43 and the power encircled in the main-lobe is 1.616 times increased when the system evolves from passive phasing to hybrid phasing. The architecture can be easily scaled up to high power by increasing power of each individual laser, number of laser elements and introduction of power amplifiers, which will lead a promising way for scaleable high power coherent beam combining of pulsed lasers.     

Observation of discrete solitons in optically induced real time waveguide arrays

We report the first experimental observation of discrete solitons in an array of optically induced waveguides. The waveguide lattice is induced in real time by illuminating a photorefractive crystal with a pair of interfering plane waves. We demonstrate two types of bright discrete solitons: in-phase self-localized states and the staggered (pi out-of-phase) soliton family. This experiment is the first observation of bright staggered solitons in any physical system. Our scheme paves the way for reconfigurable focusing and defocusing photonic lattices where low-power (mW) discrete solitons can be thoroughly investigated.     

角反射器耦合的InGaAs应变层量子阱锁相列阵激光器的模式特性

采用反应离子刻蚀技术，设计、制备了一种角反射器耦合的１０单元ＩｎＧａＡｓ应变层单量子阱镇相列阵激光器。在高达４×Ｉｔｈ的工作电流范围内，获得了主单瓣远场输出，单瓣束宽最低达０．６４°，接近衍射极限。考虑了角反射器引入的纵模与侧模之间的耦合，及载流子注入引起的反折射率导引，用微扰理论作了模拟计算，表明角反射器耦合是锁相列阵的一种新的耦合机制；主瓣对应于同相锁定，支瓣是由周期性微扰引入的高阶本征模。     

Spontaneous-emission spectrum of the nonlasing supermodes in semiconductor laser arrays

It is shown that the interference between amplified spontaneous emission into the nonlasing supermode and the laser field of a semiconductor laser array causes spatial hole burning, which couples the dynamics of the amplified spontaneous emission with the laser field. In particular, phase locking between the amplified spontaneous emission and the lasing mode leads to the formation of a spectral triplet composed of in-phase relaxation oscillation sidebands and an out-of-phase line at the lasing frequency.     

Antiferromagnetic spin ladders effectively coupled by one-dimensional electron liquids

We study a model of the stripe state in strongly correlated systems consisting of an array of antiferromagnetic spin ladders, each with n(leg) legs, coupled to each other through the spin-exchange interaction to charged stripes in between each pair of ladders. The charged stripes are assumed to be Luttinger liquids in a spin-gap regime. An effective interaction for a pair of neighboring ladders is calculated by integrating out the gapped spin degrees of freedom in the charged stripes. The low energy effective theory of each ladder is a nonlinear sigma model with additional cross couplings of neighboring ladders, which favor either in-phase or antiphase short-range spin orderings depending on the physical parameters of the charged stripe.     

两根大芯双包层光纤激光器获得60 W相干输出

报道了一个相位锁定的光纤激光器阵列获得60W的输出,同相模式输出时的斜率效率为37%。对于两种不同的纤芯距离都观测到稳定的高对比度干涉条纹。整个系统在高功率操作时,所用的空间滤波器没有观察到明显的热问题,这充分说明了采用这种方法能够进一步提高相干输出功率。     

Capacitance-induced in-phase switching in a basic two-dimensional Josephson junction array

Phase locking in a basic two-dimensional Josephson junction array consisting of two coupled SQUIDs is studied exploiting a new method combining the ideas of harmonic balance with the phase-slip procedure. This permits not only including the effect of non-vanishing junction capacitance, but extending our earlier investigations of the same circuit to arbitrary ring inductances, including inductances l ≈ 1 as well. As a result, our earlier finding that only antiphase oscillations can be stable in such a circuit are modified by observing a transition to the in-phase regime for larger values of the junction capacitance. The transition between both regimes is found to be determined by the resonance condition between ring inductance and junction capacitance.     

Power emitted by an array of ultra high frequency current modulated semiconductor lasers with global coupling

We report the output power emitted by an array of ultra high frequency current modulated semiconductor lasers (CMSCL) whose elements are mutually coupled in a ring configuration and globally coupled through an external mirror. By varying the coupling strengths, we determine the domain where the in-phase state occurs. The dependence of the output power on the coupling strengths is analyzed. The power increases with the number of lasers and shows an abrupt increase or decrease as the coupling strengths increase. This particular behaviour is related to synchronization.     

基于孔径分割与视场分割的通道型成像光谱偏振技术

本文基于孔径分割、视场分割与通道光谱技术, 提出一种成像光谱偏振技术的新方案. 本方案在单一面阵探测器上同时获取经过不同强度调制的两对正反相干涉图, 四幅干涉图相加获取强度加倍的目标图像, 正反相干涉图相减获取纯干涉条纹, 纯干涉条纹相加减获取强度加倍的单通道干涉条纹, 对单通道干涉条纹进行傅里叶变换获取目标的光谱与偏振信息. 文中描述了方案的原理结构, 推导出了干涉强度的表达式, 并利用计算机仿真验证了方案的可行性. 为新型成像光谱偏振仪的设计和工程化应用提供了一种新思路.     

Investigations on phase locking in a two-dimensional Josephson junction array within the Werthamer and the RCSJ model

The synchronization properties of a simple two-dimensional Josephson array consisting of two coupled SQUID cells are studied within the Werthamer as well as the RCSJ model. Special emphasis is placed on the role of inductances arranged perpendicular and parallel to the current bias direction for the phase locking behavior. The general behavior within the Werthamer model is found to be similar to that within the RCSJ model. However, there are quantitative differences, e.g. an enhanced phase shift between the voltage oscillations within one cell and a shift of the parameter range for the in-phase regime between different cells towards lower values of the McCumber parameter in the Werthamer model. Received: 23 March 1998 / Revised: 3 June 1998 / Accepted: 9 June 1998