Achieving high efficiency and low voltage loss simultaneously for non-fullerene organic solar cells

<正>Conventional organic solar cells are based on fullerene acceptors, which caused several drawbacks including poor absorption in visible and near IR regions, limited tunability of energy levels, and most importantly, large voltage loss from the optical bandgap of the cell to the open circuit voltage of the solar cell [1]. During the past few years, nonfullerene OSCs have emerged as a promising alternative to     

THE PREPARATION OF FRUCTOSE-MODIFIED CHITOSAN MICROCARRIERS AND CULTURE OF PRIMARY RAT HEPATOCYTES

1. INTRODUCTION The development of cell based organs and tissue-engineering devices such as hybrid artificial liver requires a large number of cells be cultured for the replacement of damaged tissue [1,2]. Since its introduction in 1967, microcarriers culture has been applied successfully in growing primary cells and cell lines with the advantage of attaining high cell density [3,4]. Spheroid culture is another promising hepatocytes culture method to enhance the cell density and metaboli…     

Fullerenes with dipoles: boosting the efficiency of perovskite solar cells

An unfortunate and fortunate discovery is that metal halide perovskites are not completely defect tolerant,while fullerenes,which are inexpensive and broadly applied in organic solar cells,have a considerable passivation effect toward the surface defects of perovskite materials[1].The improvement of perovskite efficiency and stability in the last five years has shown the importance of passivating interfacial charge traps to reduce charge carrier recombination and to slow down the degradation of perovskites[2].     

Theoretical Study of Cr Doped into TiO2（110） Surface

1 INTRODUCTION TiO2 is an excellent photocatalyst for decom- posing organic pollution[1]. TiO2 can only adsorb the short wavelengh light (λ < 387 nm), namely, ultra- violet radiation because its band-gap is 3.12 eV. Since ultraviolet radiation only occupies 4～6 percent of solar light, the efficient of solar energy is poor. Therefore, the study is now focused on photocata- lysis in visual light. Anpo’s[2] experimental result indicates that doping Cr and V into TiO2 can pro- mote its…     

DFT Studies on the Isomerization of Butene Double Bond Catalyzed by 1-Butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium in Ionic Liquid

1 INTRODUCTION Butene and its isomers are important petroleum raw materials. Isomerization reaction of butene plays a key role in the course of C4 alkylation and its reaction mechanism has captured the attention of chemists all along[1, 2]. As a green so…     

Recent advance in polymer solar cells: enhancing power conversion efficiency over 10% with deterministic aperiodic nanostructures

<正>Polymer solar cell(PSC)is a promising photovoltaic technology for clean and renewable energy sources owing to its mechanical flexibility and large-area,low-cost manufacturing compatibility.Significant progress in device performance has been made in the recent years through the development of new materials,morphology control in photo-active layer,interface engineering in multi-layer device,     

Uniform Rice-like CdS Particles Prepared from Water-in-oil Microemulsions

IntroductionNano-sized semiconductors are of great interestdue to their special optical and electronic proper-ties[1,2].As one of the mostimportantⅡ—Ⅵsemicon-ductors,CdS has importantapplications in many fields,such as the solar cell field,non linear o…     

澄清溶液中NaA型分子筛膜的合成及气体渗透性能

The use of zeolite membranes in separation or combined reaction and separation processes is very attractive. Advantages of using such a type of membranes include their ability to discriminate molecules based on the molecular size and their stability[1]. In the past ten years, most efforts were involved in the synthesis and permeation studies of MFI zeolite membrane[2, 3]. Recently, NaA zeolite membrane has attracted much attention because of its high potential in the dehydration of organic liquids[4]. However, few gas permeation results were reported[5]. Furthermore, most of the NaA zeolite membrane was synthesized from gel[4]. In this letter, the synthesis of NaA zeolite membrane from clear solution and its gas permeation properties are reported.     

Theoretical Studies on Intermolecular Interactions of 4-Amino-5-nitro-1,2,3-triazole Dimers

1 INTRODUCTION Triazole, a five-membered heterocyclic compound with three nitrogen atoms, is an important interme- diate product of medicine and chemical industry as well as insecticide [1]. Due to its small volume and high nitrogenous density, triazole holds more and more attraction for the material researchers, espe- cially the researchers of high-energy insensitive explosive. It is reported that its nitro and amino deri- vatives are a sort of important high-energy mate- rials[2]. Previ…     

Solvents incubated π-π stacking in hole transport layer for perovskite-silicon 2-terminal tandem solar cells with 27.21% efficiency

Room temperature sputtered inorganic nickel oxide(NiOx) is one of the most promising hole transport layers(HTL) for perovskite-sillion 2-terminal tandem solar cells with the aid of ultrathin and compact organic layers to passivate the surface defects. In this study, the aromatic solvent with different substituent groups was used to regulate the conformation of poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)am ine](PTAA) layer. As a result, the single-junction perovskite solar cell(PSC) gained a power ...     

热处理对P3HT与PCBM共混体系光电性能的影响

The effect of annealing treatment on the photoelectric properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) was analyzed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and solar cell performance. The UV-Vis absorption peaks of P3HT:PCBM thin filmshowed enhancement and a red-shift after thermal annealing. PL and XRD peak intensities increased by annealing treatment. A solar cell based on the blend of P3HT:PCBM was fabricated, and the device performance was significantly improved by thermal annealing. For devices heat-treated at 130 益, open circuit voltage of 0.55 V, short circuit current density of 9.87 mA·cm-2, fill factor of 60.1% and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.26% were achieved under 100 mW·cm-2 air-mass 1.5 solar simulator illumination.     

Heterogeneous reactions of sulfur dioxide on dust

In urban atmospheric environment, SO2 is the prin- cipal sulfur-containing anthropogenic pollutant, with concentrations reaching into hundreds of parts per bil- lion[1]. Atmospheric SO2 can be adsorbed and oxidized to sulfate on the surface of particles and subsequently involved in the formation of secondary inorganic aerosol in the atmosphere[2―4]. Sulfate particles are known to affect climate by scattering solar radiation, resulting in a net cooling effect, as well as acting as cloud conde…     

Applying Silver Tellurite to Optimize Ag/Si Contact Interface in Silicon Solar Cells

Nowadays, researches on developing new etching materials to optimize the Ag/Si contact interface in silicon solar cells(SSCs) are rare, which alleviates the further development of SSCs. In this study, silver tellurite(Ag_2 TeO_3, monoclinic, P21/a(14)) is synthesized and developed as an excellent etching material in SSCs. The Ag_2TeO_3 displays a low starting temperature of etching Si_3N_4 of ～545 °C, which is ～160 °C lower than that of PbO. Besides, by applying Ag_2TeO_3, conductive silver nanoparticles with a length of about 300～500 nm and a thickness of ～50 nm form in the Ag/Si contact interface, which effectively reduces the Ag-Si contact resistance, and leads to a high solar cell efficiency of ～18.4%. This study opens a new window for further enhancing the solar cell efficiency in the future.     

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two Complexes with 3-（3-Pyridyl）acrylic Acid

1 INTRODUCTION A recent feature in the development and progress of chemical research is the concern for molecular assemblies, ensembles, and all of structural aggre- gates[1]. The self-assembly of transition metal ions and N-containing organic ligands has been proven a popular approach for the construction of supramo- lecular architecture[2～7]. 3-(3-Pyridyl)acrylic acid is an excellent ligand, not only due to its prolific coor- dination sites but also to its potential hydrogen bon- ding…     

Near 100% selectivity for visible-light-driven CO2 reduction to CH4 on a dual-metal site photocatalyst

<正>Photocatalytic CO_2 reduction is a potential method to convert solar energy to chemicals,which has aroused extensive attention during the past decades.However,the process of CO_2reduction is a multiple proton coupled electron transfer reaction,which leads to a wide variety of final products,such as CO,CH_4.Moreover,H~+reduction is a competitive reaction and further lowers the selectivity of CO_2 reduction [1-3].Different methods,including loading suitable co-catalysts     

Preparation of CH_3NH_3PbI_3 thin films for solar cells via Vapor Transfer Method

Organometal halide perovskite based solar cells have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for low-cost and high-efficiency solar cell technologies.Here a Vapor Transfer Method(VTM)is used to fabricate high quality perovskite thin films in a balanced vacuum capsule.By adjusting the reaction temperature,CH_3NH_3I saturated vapor which then reacts with PbI_2films can be controlled and the formation process of CH_3NH_3PbI_3perovskite films can be further influenced.Prepared perovskite films which exhibit pure phase,smooth surface and high crystallinity are assembled into planar heterojunction inverted solar cells.The whole fabrication process of solar cell devices is organic solution free.Finally,the champion cell achieved power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 13.08%with negligible current–voltage hysteresis under fully open-air conditions.The photovoltaic performance could be further enhanced by optimizing perovskite composition and the device structure.     

PREPARATION AND THE CULTURE OF LO2 CELLS ON PVA-BASED MICROCARRIERS

1. INTRODUCTION Biological artificial liver support systems have been extensively studied in treatment of hepatic failure [1]. In the device, cells included primary hepatocytes [2] and liver cell lines (i.e. C3A, HepG2 [3]) with relatively high differentiations, which are all attachment dependent cells; the cell density is crucially important for its efficiency in clinical application. Microcarrier -attached hepatocytes have been applied in the device in an attempt to raise the cell dens…     

Applying Silver Teilurite to Optimize Ag/Si Contact Interface in Silicon Solar Cells

Nowadays,researches on developing new etching materials to optimize the Ag/Si contact interface in silicon solar cells(SSCs)are rare,which alleviates the further development of SSCs.In this study,silver tellurite(Ag2 TeO3,monoclinic,P21/a(14))is synthesized and developed as an excellent etching material in SSCs.The Ag2TeO3 displays a low starting temperature of etching Si3N4 of^545°C,which is^160°C lower than that of PbO.Besides,by applying Ag2TeO3,conductive silver nanoparticles with a length of about 300~500 nm and a thickness of^50 nm form in the Ag/Si contact interface,which effectively reduces the Ag-Si contact resistance,and leads to a high solar cell efficiency of^18.4%.This study opens a new window for further enhancing the solar cell efficiency in the future.     

GRAFTING OF HYDROPHILIC MONOMERS ONTO POLYURETHANE MEMBRANES BY SOLUTION OR PRE-ABSORBING METHODS FOR ACCELERATION OF CELL COMPATIBILITY*

Two grafting methods, i.e. solution grafting and pre-adsorbing, are introduced to covalently immobilizehydrophilic polymers on segmented polyurethane (SPU) to modify its hydrophilicity and to improve its cell compatibility.Solution grafting results in higher degree of grafting and rougher surface morphology. Cell culture evaluation demonstratesthat the modified membranes thus obtained are disadvantageous to the endothelial cell (ECs) growth probably because thehydrophilic groups on the surface are over-crowded. However, pre-absorbing grafting generates lower degree of grafting,which is detected and confirmed by ATR-FTIR spectra and water conted angle. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM)measurement shows that the latter method produces a plane and smooth morphology, which is similar to the SPU controlsample controlled. When grafting with lower monomer concentration, ECs could grow on SPU-g-PHEA [poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)], SPU-g-PAAm (polyacrylamide), SPU-g-PDMA [poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)] orquatemized SPU-g-PDMA surface with elongated cell shapes. Hence, the cell compatibility of SPU is improved and a usefulmethod to construct a cell compatible layer on the polymer surface has been developed.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of cis—[meso—1,3—Bis（propylsulfinyl）propane]dichloroplatinum（Ⅱ）

1 INTRODUCTION A number of Pt complexes with monosulfoxide have been isolated and characterized[1]. It was indicated that the sulfoxide group trends to coordinate to soft metals (Pt, Pd, etc.) by its sulfur atom[2]. Pt(Ⅱ) trends to bond to disulfoxides in cis-mode and such complexes have potential antitumor activity[2]. However, only few examples of such complexes have been structurally characterized[3]. We will report herein the crystal structure of a new Pt(Ⅱ) complex with a disulf…