Irreversible deformation with subsequent unloading of a spherical viscoelastoplastic layer

Analytic solutions are obtained for a sequence of one-dimensional quasistatic problems describing viscoelastic deformation processes in the material of a hollow ball and the plastic flow nucleation and evolution processes occurring in the ball as the pressure on the outer boundary increases. The unloading process under slow removal of the loading pressure is considered as well. The stress fields and the elastic and plastic strain fields in the spherical layer material, the law of motion of the elastoplastic boundary, and the residual stress level and distribution are computed. It is assumed that at the stage preceding the plastic flow the material obeys the viscoelastic Voigt model and the loading surface is determined by the von Mises plastic flow condition.     

On quasistatics and correcting functions in the dynamics of elastic structures

A new method is proposed for constructing quasistatic terms that are required to refine the solution of the problem of dynamic loading of an elastic structure with energy scattering taken into account and a bounded number of coordinate functions used in the modal expansion. The quasistatic terms introduced are orthogonal to the mode shapes taken into account in the calculations of the vibration harmonics and compensate the quasistatic contribution of the neglected vibration harmonics. The identity between the procedures of introducing correcting functions (correcting series) and refining the quasistatics is discussed.     

Plasticity of a high strength steel alloy

Experimentally determined plastic constitutive equations of the parabolic form (σ − σ_y = β(ε − ε_y)1/2) are presented for a high strength alloy steel. Two deformation moduli β were required to describe the quasistatic compression data, both of which, as well as the point of change, were predicted by a mode index and transition strain structure of a general theory of plasticity. Dynamic strain, duration of impact, and final strain distribution were measured on specimen rods subjected to axial, symmetric, and constant velocity impact. The dynamic yield stress was 16% higher than the quasistatic value. The dynamic response function, deduced from a simple wave propagation theory, was also parabolic and a single deformation modulus, equal to the initial quasistatic value, applied. Thus, it was shown that the form of the quasistatic response function was preserved in dynamic loading, and that the increase of the dynamic stress was due to the increase of the yield stress.     

Stability of elastic cylindrical shells interacting with flowing fluid

The buckling modes of a finite cylindrical shell interacting with a moving fluid are studied. Two types of instability are analyzed: quasistatic (divergence) and dynamic (flutter)     

On uniqueness of solutions for secondary creep problems

Uniqueness results are established for solutions of secondary creep problems, including the effect of elastic strains, for a large class of domains subject to mixed boundary conditions. Two theorems are proved, one for quasistatic creep and one for dynamic.     

Rolling of a Heavy Ball in a Spherical Recess of a Translationally Moving Body

The dynamic behavior of a heavy homogeneous ball rolling without slipping in a spherical recess of a translationally moving body is analyzed. The equations of motion of the ball are derived based on Appell's nonholonomic mechanics. The evolution of the dynamic system in time is analyzed numerically.     

The dynamic growth of a single void in a viscoplastic material under transient hydrostatic loading

We have examined the problem of the dynamic growth of a single spherical void in an elastic-viscoplastic medium, with a view towards addressing a number of problems that arise during the dynamic failure of metals. Particular attention is paid to inertial, thermal and rate-dependent effects, which have not previously been thoroughly studied in a combined setting. It is shown that the critical stress for unstable growth of the void in the quasistatic case is strongly affected by the thermal softening of the material (in adiabatic calculations). Thermal softening has the effect of lowering the critical stress, and has a stronger influence at high strain hardening exponents. It is shown that the thermally diffusive case for quasistatic void growth in rate-dependent materials is strongly affected by the initial void size, because of the length scale introduced by the thermal diffusion. The effects of inertia are quantified, and it is demonstrated that inertial effects are small in the early stages of void growth and are strongly dependent on the initial size of the void and the rate of loading. Under supercritical loading for the inertial problem, voids of all sizes achieve a constant absolute void growth rate in the long term. Inertia first impedes, but finally promotes dynamic void growth under a subcritical loading. For dynamic void growth, the effect of rate-hardening is to reduce the rate of void growth in comparison to the rate-independent case, and to reduce the final relative void growth achieved.     

Material forces in microfractured bodies

In the present work, we study the overall behavior of a microfractured elastic body within the configurational mechanics framework. Micro and macro scales are considered and scale changes are carried out by asymptotic developments homogenization. The homogenized equations of material momentum and scalar moment of material momentum are obtained. In these equations the microcrack length appears as an internal variable, describing the damage evolution. Both quasistatic and dynamic formulations are presented.     

Dynamic shakedown and a reduced kinematic theorem

A dynamic shakedown theory is formulated, which preserves all the essentials of the classical quasistatic theory. The emphasis is given to the kinematic theorem. A reduced path-independent kinematic inequality, which does not involve time integrals, is deduced. An analytical example illustrates the application of both static and reduced kinematic theorems in the dynamic range.     

Dynamic Behavioral Analysis of an Antiseismic Support under an External Kinematic Disturbance

Study is made of the dynamic behavior of an antiseismic support, which is a heavy homogeneous ball rolling within a cycloidal cavity between mobile upper and lower slabs, subjected to an external kinematic disturbance. The equations of motion are derived for the heavy ball moving in the cycloidal cavity without slipping, and the dynamic effects in this, new earthquake-protective system are analyzed numerically.     

Comparative asymptotic analysis of coupled and uncoupled thermoelasticity

The asymptotic solution of the three-dimensional dynamic of coupled thermoelasticity problem (with the mutual influence of the strain and temperature fields taken into account) for an isotropic rectangular plate is used to perform a comparative analysis of the results obtained according to this theory and the theory of temperature stresses. The parameters whose values affect the applicability of these theories and of the applied theory used to solve quasistatic problems of thermoelasticity are obtained.     

Quasistatic and dynamic instability of one-support cylindrical shells under gyroscopic and nonconservative forces

The paper deals with problem of critical states in single-support rods and cylindrical shells under axial follower forces and centrifugal inertial forces due to rotation. It is shown that depending on the relationship between these forces, loss of stability may be quasistatic or dynamic     

An approach for calculating the dynamic load of deep groove ball bearing joints in planar multibody systems

This study is focused on dynamic modeling of planar multibody systems with multiple deep groove ball bearing joints, in which the radial clearance, contact deformation, and bearing kinematics are included. By using the approach presented, the variation of the joint reaction force and the dynamic load on each ball element in bearings can be simulated. The deep groove ball bearing joints are modeled by introducing a nonlinear force system, which takes into account the contact elastic deformations between the ball elements and the raceways. The contact force is calculated by the Hertzian contact deformation theory that accounts for the geometrical and material properties of the contacting bodies. A planar slider-crank mechanism with two deep groove ball bearing joints is chosen as an example to demonstrate the application of the methodologies presented in this paper. In this model, one bearing locates at the joint between the ground and crank, while the other one locates at the joint between the crank and connecting rod. By numerical calculation, the dynamic load distribution characteristics of bearings under real mechanism movement conditions are simulated. From the results, it can be concluded that the dynamic load on each rolling element varies differently and belongs to a variable load with the change of mechanism configuration. Load characteristic analysis is the foundation of developing research on the fatigue life and reliability of bearings. This study will provide a key mechanical support for the performance evaluation, dynamic design, and geometrical parameter optimization of the joint rolling element bearings.     

多孔金属及其夹芯结构力学性能的研究进展

高孔隙率多孔金属及其夹芯复合结构是一种物理功能与结构一体化的新型、轻质高强材料/结构,具有高比强度、高比刚度和优良的吸能和缓冲性能等多种功能,引起了学术界和工程界众多研究者的极大关注. 本文概述了轻质多孔金属及其夹芯结构的制备方法、多功能特性及其应用,介绍了多孔金属夹芯结构元件(梁、板、壳)遭受准静态和动态冲击载荷下的理论、实验和模拟方面的国内外研究现状,分析和讨论了多孔金属及其夹芯结构力学行为研究中的研究手段和基本问题,重点关注了多孔金属夹芯结构的变形/失效、动态响应和能量吸收.     

Effects of axial preload of ball bearing on the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a rotor-bearing system

This research studies the effects of axial preload on nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a flexible rotor supported by angular contact ball bearings. A dynamic model of ball bearings is improved for modeling a five-degree-of-freedom rotor bearing system. The predicted results are in good agreement with prior experimental data, thus validating the proposed model. With or without considering unbalanced forces, the Floquet theory is employed to investigate the bifurcation and stability of system periodic solution. With the aid of Poincarè maps and frequency response, the unstable motion of system is analyzed in detail. Results show that the effects of axial preload applied to ball bearings on system dynamic characteristics are significant. The unstable periodic solution of a balanced rotor bearing system can be avoided when the applied axial preload is sufficient. The bifurcation margins of an unbalanced rotor bearing system enhance markedly as the axial preload increases and relates to system resonance speed.     

Mechanical response of encapsulated shear thickening fluid

In this investigation,the hard-to-handle shear thickening fluid (STF) is successfully encapsulated for easy handling and re-processing in the application of promising impact resistant material.Double-walled macroscopic STF capsules are synthesized using a convenientprocess by instilling the diluted STF droplets into reaction solution.The obtained STF capsules show significant shear thickening response to dynamic impact in comparison to quasistatic compression in terms of 154 times higher absorbed nominal strain energy.This innovative method opens a new window to design and manufacture versatile impact resistant materials and structures.     

Dynamic models of layered and block media with slip,friction, and separation

We use the concepts of slip theory to construct continual models of layered and block media. The medium structure elements, layers and blocks, are assumed to be elastic. The interaction conditions on the contact boundaries assume slip with friction and separation. We propose a numerical method for solving the obtained systems of equations. We also present examples of solution of dynamic and quasistatic problems about the development of slip regions for the types of media under study.     

Thermal Failure of Polymeric Structural Elements under Monoharmonic Deformation

Thermal-failure problems are formulated for three-dimensional, thin-walled structural elements made of passive and piezoactive materials and subjected to monoharmonic deformation. Methods are described for calculation of critical electric and mechanical, quasistatic and dynamic monoharmonic loads and for analysis of postcritical behavior. The influence of various factors on the critical load is analyzed. Theoretical and experimental data are compared and found to be in good agreement, which is indicative of the reliability of the models used to describe the thermal failure of polymeric structural elements     

铝合金LC4和LY12CZ应变率相关力学性能的实验研究

对国产铝合金LC4和LY12CZ进行了准静态和动态拉伸、压缩试验研究。应变率范围从2×10(-4)～1.4×10~3s~(-1)。实验表明:LC4和LY12CZ都是应变率不敏感材料,同时发现它们的压缩应力应变曲线高于拉伸应力应变曲线。本文根据实验结果分别建立起该材料的本构方程。     

A general method for impact dynamic analysis of a planar multi-body system with a rolling ball bearing joint

Impact affects the dynamic characteristics of mechanical multi-body systems and damages those rotating parts, such as the joint rolling element bearings, which are high-precision, defect intolerant components. Based on multi-body dynamic theory, Hertzian contact theory, and a continuous contact model, this study proposed a modelling method that can describe the dynamic behaviour of planar mechanical multi-body systems containing a rolling ball bearing joint under impact. In this method, the rigid bodies and bearing joint were connected according to their joint force constraints; the impact constraint between the multi-body system and the target rigid body was constructed using a continuous contact force model. Based on this method, the reflection relationship between the external impacts of the mechanical multi-body system and the variation law governing the dynamic load on the rolling bearing joint were revealed. Subsequently, an impact multi-body system, which was composed of a sliding–crank mechanism containing a rolling ball bearing joint and the target rigid body with an elastic support, was analysed to explore the dynamic response of such a complex discontinuous dynamic system andthe relevant relationship governing the dynamic load on the rolling bearing joint. In addition, a multi-body dynamic simulation software was used to build a virtual prototype of the impact slider–crank system. Compared with the theoretical model, the prototype had an additional deep groove ball bearing. That is to say, the prototype model took account of the specific geometric structural characteristics and the complex contact relationship of the inner and outer races, rolling balls, and bearing cage. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical method proposed in this study was verified by comparative analysis of the results. The results suggested that the external impact of a mechanical multi-body system was prone to induce sudden changes in the equivalent reaction force on its bearing joint and the dynamic load carried on its rolling balls. This study provided an effective method for exploring the distribution characteristics of dynamic loads on rolling ball bearing joints under working impact load conditions. Moreover, it offered support for the parameter optimisation of geometric structure, performance evaluation, and dynamic design of the rolling ball bearings.