A Numerical Study of Blowup in the Harmonic Map Heat Flow Using the MMPDE Moving Mesh Method

The numerical solution of the harmonic heat map flow problems with blowup in finite or infinite time is considered using an adaptive moving mesh method. A properly chosen monitor function is derived so that the moving mesh method can be used to simulate blowup and produce accurate blowup profiles which agree with formal asymptotic analysis. Moreover, the moving mesh method has finite time blowup when the underlying continuous problem does. In situations where the continuous problem has infinite time blowup, the moving mesh method exhibits finite time blowup with a blowup time tending to infinity as the number of mesh points increases. The inadequacy of a uniform mesh solution is clearly demonstrated.     

Blowup of solutions of the three-dimensional Rosenau-Burgers equation

We consider the initial boundary value problem for the well-known three-dimensional Rosenau-Burgers equation in the cylinder \((0,L) \otimes \mathbb{S}\) (where \(\mathbb{S} \subset \mathbb{R}^2\)) for some boundary conditions. Using the test-function method, we obtain the result on the blowup of solutions of this initial boundary value problem during a finite time. This is one of the first results in the “blowup” direction for this equation.     

带局部非线性反应项的退化抛物方程解的爆破性质

本文研究带局部非线性反应项的退化抛物方程解的爆破性质ut=△um+up(x0,t)-kuq(x,t),其中p≥q>0,p>1,01),x0是有界区域Ω内的固定点,Ω(?)RN.在一定的假设条件下,证明了解在有限时刻爆破并且爆破点集是整个区域Ω.另外,如果解u(·,t)是径向对称函数且ur≤0,则解在接近爆破时刻的爆破速率在区域Ω上是一致的.在解是非径向对称的情况下,我们用其他技巧证得解的整体爆破性.     

The finite-time blowup of the solution of an initial boundary-value problem for the nonlinear equation of ion sound waves

We obtain blowup conditions for the solutions of initial boundary-value problems for the nonlinear equation of ion sound waves in a hydrogen plasma in the approximation of “hot” electrons and “heavy” ions. A specific characteristic of this nonlinear equation is the noncoercive nonlinearity of the form ?_t|?u|², which complicates its study by any energy method. We solve this problem by the Mitidieri–Pohozaev method of nonlinear capacity.     

Fujita type critical exponent for a free boundary problem with spatial–temporal source

In this paper, we investigate a nonlinear free boundary problem incorporating with nontrivial spatial and exponential temporal weighted source. To portray the asymptotic behavior of the solution, we first derive some sufficient conditions for finite time blowup. Furthermore, the global vanishing solution is also obtained for a class of small initial data. Finally, a sharp threshold trichotomy result is provided in terms of the size of the initial data to distinguish the blowup solution, the global vanishing solution, and the global transition solution. In particular, our results show that such a problem always possesses a Fujita type critical exponent whenever the spatial source is just equivalent to a trivial constant, or is an extreme one, such as “very negative” one in the sense of measure or integral.     

Critical lengths by numerical integration of the associated Riccati equation to singularity

Bounds are obtained for the critical length (escape time) associated with a solution of a matrix Riccati equation. The bounds are computationally practical in the sense that the quantities appearing can be computed in terms of a known value of the solution at any point. It is suggested that these bounds will frequently allow practical estimation of the accuracy in determining a critical length by integrating the Riccati equation to “blowup”. Practical aspects of such an application are discussed, and two examples are given.     

On the blow-up of solutions to nonlinear initial-boundary value problems

We consider the problem of nonexistence (blow-up) of solutions of nonlinear evolution equations in the case of a bounded (with respect to the space variables) domain. Following the method of nonlinear capacity based on the application of test functions that are optimal (“characteristic”) for the corresponding nonlinear operators, we obtain conditions for the blowup of solutions to nonlinear initial-boundary value problems. We also show by examples that these conditions are sharp in the class of problems under consideration.     

Genesis of solitons arising from individual Flows of the Camassa‐Holm hierarchy

The present work offers a detailed account of the large‐time development of the velocity profile run by a single “individual” Hamiltonian flow of the Camassa‐Holm (CH) hierarchy, the Hamiltonian employed being the reciprocal of any eigenvalue of the underlying spectral problem. In this simpler scenario, I prove some of the conjectures raised by McKean [27]. Notably, I confirm the ultimate shaping into solitons of the cusps that appear, near blowup sites, of any velocity profile emanating from an initial disposition for which breakdown of the wave in finite time is sure to happen. The careful large‐time asymptotic analysis is carried from exact expressions describing the velocity in terms of initial data, the integration involving a “Lagrangian” scale and three “theta functions,” the rates at which the latter reach their common values at each end of the line characterizing the region where soliton genesis is expected. In fact, the present method also suggests how solitons may arise from initial conditions not leading to breakdown. The full CH flow is nothing but a superposition of such commuting “individual” actions. Therein lies the hope that the present account will pave the way to elucidate soliton formation for more complex flows, in particular for the CH flow itself. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

On Nonexistence of type II blowup for a supercritical nonlinear heat equation

In this paper we study blowup of radially symmetric solutions of the nonlinear heat equation u_t = Δu + |u|^p?1u either on ?^N or on a finite ball under the Dirichlet boundary conditions. We assume that the exponent p is supercritical in the Sobolev sense, that is, We prove that if p_s < p < p^*, then blowup is always of type I, where p^* is a certain (explicitly given) positive number. More precisely, the rate of blowup in the L^∞ norm is always the same as that for the corresponding ODE dv/dt = |v|^p?1v. Because it is known that “type II” blowup (or, equivalently, “fast blowup”) can occur if p > p^*, the above range of exponent p is optimal. We will also derive various fundamental estimates for blowup that hold for any p > p_s and regardless of type of blowup. Among other things we classify local profiles of type I and type II blowups in the rescaled coordinates. We then establish useful estimates for the so‐called incomplete blowup, which reveal that incomplete blowup solutions belong to nice function spaces even after the blowup time. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Blowup Solutions to the Semilinear Wave Equation with a Stylized Pyramid as a Blowup Surface

We consider the semilinear wave equation with subconformal power nonlinearity in two space dimensions. We construct a finite‐time blowup solution with an isolated characteristic blowup point at the origin and a blowup surface that is centered at the origin and has the shape of a stylized pyramid, whose edges follow the bisectrices of the axes in ℝ². The blowup surface is differentiable outside the bisectrices. As for the asymptotic behavior in similarity variables, the solution converges to the classical one‐dimensional soliton outside the bisectrices. On the bisectrices outside the origin, it converges (up to a subsequence) to a genuinely two‐dimensional stationary solution, whose existence is a by‐product of the proof. At the origin, it behaves like the sum of four solitons localized on the two axes, with opposite signs for neighbors. This is the first example of a blowup solution with a characteristic point in higher dimensions, showing a really two‐dimensional behavior. Moreover, the points of the bisectrices outside the origin give us the first example of noncharacteristic points where the blowup surface is nondifferentiable. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Blowup of the solution to the Cauchy problem with arbitrary positive energy for a system of Klein–Gordon equations in the de Sitter metric

The ?⁴ model of a scalar (complex) field in the metric of an expanding universe, namely, in the de Sitter metric is considered. The initial energy of the system can have an arbitrarily high positive value. Sufficient conditions for solution blowup in a finite time are obtained. The existence of blowup is proved by applying H.A. Levine’s modified method is used.     

Compromise solution by MCDM methods: A comparative analysis of VIKOR and TOPSIS

The multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) methods VIKOR and TOPSIS are based on an aggregating function representing “closeness to the ideal”, which originated in the compromise programming method. In VIKOR linear normalization and in TOPSIS vector normalization is used to eliminate the units of criterion functions. The VIKOR method of compromise ranking determines a compromise solution, providing a maximum “group utility” for the “majority” and a minimum of an individual regret for the “opponent”. The TOPSIS method determines a solution with the shortest distance to the ideal solution and the greatest distance from the negative-ideal solution, but it does not consider the relative importance of these distances. A comparative analysis of these two methods is illustrated with a numerical example, showing their similarity and some differences.     

Problems Involving Infrequent but Significant Contingencies

Problematic situations often arise in which it is required to provide a solution which will tend to avoid events, which, if they occur, would be very costly, or, if not directly costable, they would be highly undesirable. Although direct approaches to this sort of problem exist, they can be unmanageable. If, however, we take as a posit, that the frequency with which the undesirable events arise, in the optimum solution, is small, considerable simplifications can be made. Naturally we need to check the posit once the solution has been found. This paper considers three applications of this principle, viz. determination of how many chargers are needed for steel furnaces, where the undesirable event is “a furnace waits for service”; determination of the number of emergency beds to set aside in a hospital unit, where the undesirable event is “an emergency case arrives and no bed is immediately available”; determination of an inventory reorder rule where the undesirable event is “stock run-out”. The general principle is formalized.     

一类含非局部源的非线性退化扩散方程解的爆破性质

研究了一类带非局部源的非线性退化抛物型方程.在一定条件下,证得方程的解在有限时刻爆破且爆破点集为整个区域.积分方法被用来研究解的爆破性质.     

A sufficient condition for blowup of solutions to a class of pseudo‐parabolic equations with a nonlocal term

A sufficient condition for blowup of solutions to a class of pseudo‐parabolic equations with a nonlocal term is established in this paper. In virtue of the potential wells method, we first extend the results obtained by Xu and Su in [J. Funct. Anal., 264 (12): 2732‐2763, 2013] to the nonlocal case and describe successfully the behavior of solutions by using the energy functional, Nehari functional, and the ground state energy of the stationary equation. Sequently, we study the boundedness and convergency of any global solution. Finally, we achieve a criterion to guarantee the blowup of solutions without any limit of the initial energy.Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical simulation of blowup in nonlocal reaction–diffusion equations using a moving mesh method

In this paper we implement the moving mesh PDE method for simulating the blowup in reaction–diffusion equations with temporal and spacial nonlinear nonlocal terms. By a time-dependent transformation, the physical equation is written into a Lagrangian form with respect to the computational variables. The time-dependent transformation function satisfies a parabolic partial differential equation — usually called moving mesh PDE (MMPDE). The transformed physical equation and MMPDE are solved alternately by central finite difference method combined with a backward time-stepping scheme. The integration time steps are chosen to be adaptive to the blowup solution by employing a simple and efficient approach. The monitor function in MMPDEs plays a key role in the performance of the moving mesh PDE method. The dominance of equidistribution is utilized to select the monitor functions and a formal analysis is performed to check the principle. A variety of numerical examples show that the blowup profiles can be expressed correctly in the computational coordinates and the blowup rates are determined by the tests.     

Global well-posedness of coupled parabolic systems

The initial boundary value problem of a class of reaction-diffusion systems(coupled parabolic systems)with nonlinear coupled source terms is considered in order to classify the initial data for the global existence,finite time blowup and long time decay of the solution.The whole study is conducted by considering three cases according to initial energy:the low initial energy case,critical initial energy case and high initial energy case.For the low initial energy case and critical initial energy case the sufficient initial conditions of global existence,long time decay and finite time blowup are given to show a sharp-like condition.In addition,for the high initial energy case the possibility of both global existence and finite time blowup is proved first,and then some sufficient initial conditions of finite time blowup and global existence are obtained,respectively.     

Blowup of the solution to a nonlinear system of Sobolev-type equations

An initial-boundary value problem is considered for a fifth-order nonlinear equation describing the dynamics of a Kelvin-Voigt fluid with allowance for strong spatial dispersion in the presence of sources with a cubic nonlinearity. A local existence theorem is proved. The method of energy inequalities is used to find sufficient conditions for the solution to blowup in a finite time.     

Automatic Optimal Regularization for Ill-Posed Problems with Stochastical Noise without Imposing Smoothness Assumptions

We consider the compact operator A : 𝒳 → 𝒴 for the separable Hilbert spaces 𝒳 and 𝒴. The problem Ax = y is called ill-posed when the singular values s_k , k = 1, 2, … of the operator A tend to zero. Classically one assumes that y is biased with “deterministic noise”; we will also consider “stochastic noise” where the noise element is a weak Gaussian random variable. There classical stopping rules (e.g. Morozov) do not work. We will show that both for the “deterministic noise” case as well for the “stochastical noise” case we can regularize in an (asymptotically almost) optimal way without knowledge of the smoothness of the solution using Lepskij's method. Furthermore the method also works for estimated error levels and error behavior. So we can assure regularization which is just dependent on measurements obtainable in reality, e.g. satellite problems. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A fractal Boussinesq equation for nonlinear transverse vibration of a nanofiber-reinforced concrete pillar

An approximate Hamilton principle is established for the transverse vibration of a reinforced concrete pillar by considering the dissipation energy, and a generalized Boussinesq equation is obtained. The exp-function method is adopted to solve the equation, and its solution properties are discussed and elucidated, including solitary solution, blowup solution, and discontinuous solution. In order to study the effect of a porous structure on the vibration property, fractal calculus is used to derive the fractal Boussinesq equation, and a fractal variational principle is also established. The fractal model confers many attractive properties, which can not be revealed by the traditional protocol. The effect of the nanofiber-reinforced concrete structure on its wave morphology is discussed and illustrated. A blowup solution can be converted into a flat solution by adjusting the value of the fractal derivative order. The paper sheds new light on the design of reinforced concrete pillars to avoid vibration damage.