Summation of signals during energy extraction from 3-cm range oversized cavities

Data on the summation of signals from two synchronously operating resonant microwave (3-cm) compressors with oversized cavities are described. The energy was extracted with interference switches. The summation was performed in a waveguide tee and a 3-dB three-slot bridge. For a signal duration of ∼30 ns at a level of 0.5, a peak power of ∼1 MW, and an efficiency of ∼30%, a gain was found to approach ∼11 dB.     

Successive Compression of Microwave Pulses in a Coupled-Resonator System

We briefly analyze systems of successive resonance compression of microwave pulses and present the results of a study of resonance compression in a system of coupled resonators with energy output via interference switches. A power gain of about 18 dB was experimentally achieved in the 3 cm wavelength interval in a two-stage system with a superdimensional resonator in the first stage and a single-mode resonator in the second stage with output pulse duration of about 2.5 ns, peak power 3 MW, and efficiency 17 %.     

Two-channel 100-MW microwave compressor for the three-centimeter wavelength range

We present the results of the studies of a 100-megawatt active two-channel compressor of microwave pulses for the three-centimeter wavelength range. The compressors of the transit and reflector types are excited at the TE₀₁ mode of a circular waveguide, and the energy is output by using resonance plasma switches. The channels of the compressors are connected to a microwave oscillator and a load via a special quasioptical 3-dB directional coupler with enhanced electric strength. The use of the quasioptical coupler allows one to ensure the decoupling of the input microwave line (by about 20 dB) and combine coherently the pulses compressed in each of the compressor channel. High-and low-power tests of the compressors have been performed and the wave phase in the compressed pulses has been measured. The pulses obtained for an incident power of 5 MW have a power of 40–53 MW, a duration of 40–60 ns, and a power gain greater than 10. The compression efficiency amounts to 55%. The stability and good reproducibility of the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the radiation from a two-channel compressor make it promising for use in the linear accelerators of charged particles. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 51, No. 8, pp. 660–674, August 2008.     

S波段长脉冲相对论速调管放大器的实验研究

 介绍了S波段强流长脉冲相对论速调管放大器（RKA）的高频系统设计、长脉冲强流相对论电子束(IREB)的调制及微波提取等方面的实验研究结果。重点阐述了长脉冲IREB调制和输出微波中的自激振荡问题。通过采用高阶工作模式以及参差模式设置的谐振腔、提高系统安装的同心度和调节电子束参数等措施,使自激振荡得到了抑制。采用550 kV,4 kA及210 ns的环行电子束,经过优化调节RKA参数,使强流调制电子束流脉宽由50 ns增加到150 ns,同时得到了3.2 kA的基波调制电流。从该RKA得到了峰值功率580 MW、脉宽140 ns的输出微波,束波转换效率26%,增益34 dB。     

相对论返波管驱动的两腔大间隙速调管放大器

在大型功率合成阵列中,为解决现有种子源输出功率不足的问题,提出了利用相对论返波振荡器作为种子源锁定大间隙速调管放大器频率和相位的思路,并进行了由一个相对论返波管驱动一个高功率注入两腔大间隙速调管放大器的理论和初步实验研究。实验结果表明:大间隙速调管的频率被相对论返波管锁定,两个微波源的实时相位差在单脉冲内锁定在16之内,多脉冲间的相对相位差锁定在11之内,锁相时间约40 ns;在注入功率约22 MW时,大间隙速调管的输出功率约230 MW,增益约10 dB。     

Highly efficient,kW peak power, 1.55 µm all-fiber MOPA system with a diffraction-limited laser output beam

We report a high-efficiency, single-mode, all-fiber pulsed laser system built in a master oscillator power amplifier format, operating in the eye-safe (λ ~1,549 nm) spectral range, providing over 1.5 W of average output power with up to 51 dB of total signal gain. It comprises the flexibility of smooth pulse duration control from single ns to 260 ns with independently tunable repetition rate ranging from 40 kHz to 1 MHz. Pulses as short as 4 ns with up to 20 μJ energy and corresponding peak power of 5 kW are demonstrated. The laser system delivered a nearly diffraction-limited beam with M ² ~1.     

线性变压器源驱动相对论速调管放大器的初步实验

 利用新研制的紧凑型线性变压器驱动源（LTD）脉冲功率源二极管产生的电子束源,开展了S波段长脉冲相对论速调管放大器（RKA）的初步实验研究。采用无箔空心阴极和0.9 T恒流源引导磁场从LTD二极管引出了电压600 kV、束流6 kA、脉宽150 ns的环形电子束,该电子束经过1个同轴输入腔和2个同轴调制腔的调制后,产生了幅度5 kA、脉宽110 ns的基波调制束流,采用该调制束流驱动同轴微波提取腔,辐射输出了峰值功率820 MW/110 ns的辐射微波,效率28％,增益36 dB。同时,开展了重复脉冲RKA和相位特性的实验研究,重复频率10 Hz运行时,辐射微波达到800 MW/100 ns,相位抖动小于 20°。     

300W线偏振飞秒全光纤啁啾脉冲放大系统北大核心CSCD

报道了高平均功率的线偏振啁啾脉冲放大系统。该系统包括全光纤结构的多级放大器以及透射光栅脉冲压缩器。压缩前,实现了近衍射极限光束输出,平均功率425 W,光光效率81%,消光比约13dB;压缩后,获得了平均功率300 W、脉宽315fs、峰值功率12 MW的激光脉冲,为目前报道的最高平均功率的线偏振光纤啁啾脉冲放大系统。     

Extracting microwave energy from a cavity by mode conversion at a coupling window

A study is made of the production of high power nanosecond rf pulses by extracting microwave energy from an oversized cavity by means of conversion, at a coupling window, of the high-Q working mode to an auxiliary mode which is strongly coupled to an external load. It is shown that microwave rf pulse compressors with copper storage cavities and energy extraction by mode conversion at a coupling window can provide gains of 5–13 dB with output signal durations of 20–150 ns and peak powers of 5–10 MW in the 3-cm band and 50–100 MW in the 10-cm band. Rf pulses lasting 30 ns with peak powers of 0.5 MW have been obtained experimentally at a frequency of 9.4 GHz with a gain of 9 dB. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 92–96 (July 1998)     

High-peak-power nanosecond pulse generation by stimulated Brillouin scattering pulse compression in a seeded Yb-doped fiber amplifier

We demonstrate the generation of nanosecond and multikilowatt peak-power pulses in a double-clad Yb-doped fiber amplifier seeded by a spectrally narrowed gain-switched laser diode. Injected pulses with 100 ns duration were simultaneously compressed and amplified by the combination of high amplifier gain and stimulated Brillouin scattering. A maximum peak power of 20 kW has been obtained, corresponding to a single-pass gain of +57 dB in terms of peak power. Part of this output signal was also converted into IR continuum light by splicing a length of single-mode fiber at the end of the fiber amplifier.     

长脉冲X波段多注相对论速调管放大器的初步实验研究

设计了工作在长脉冲的X波段同轴强流多注相对论速调管放大器, 对长脉冲强流多注电子束在多注器件结构中的传输、电子束经过输入腔和中间腔后的束流调制以及经过输出腔的微波提取等过程进行了实验研究, 采用了相应的设计措施以减轻实验中出现的脉冲缩短现象, 得到了初步的长脉冲实验结果. 在输入微波功率60 kW、频率9.378 GHz、电子束电压700 kV、束流4.2 kA、轴向引导磁感应强度1 T的条件下, 重频5Hz输出微波功率为670 MW, 脉宽89 ns, 效率为23%, 增益为40 dB, 输出微波频率与输入微波一致. 从实验上验证了几十千瓦级输入微波驱动X波段同轴多注RKA输出几百兆瓦长脉冲高功率微波的可行性, 为后续更高功率研究打下了基础.     

Pulsed high-order volume mode gyroklystron

We present the results of studies of a gyroklystron with the TE₅₃ output mode. A 30-dB gain is obtained at a frequency of 30 GHz for an output power of 5 MW, efficiency 25%, pulse duration 0.4 ms, and amplification bandwidth 40 MHz.     

离轴X波段五腔高增益速调管放大器

利用辛普森算法求解螺线管线圈内磁场分布,证明了离轴磁场能用于电子束的聚束。利用2维粒子模拟程序建立了X波段五腔高增益速调管放大器模型,整管模拟得到了频率9.45GHz、输出功率300MW、增益50.3dB和效率37.5%的微波输出。依此设计了X波段五腔高增益速调管放大器的三维模型,并将其分别放置在线圈中心轴和离轴54mm的位置进行模拟,模拟结果证明工作在离轴状态的器件同样可以进行微波放大。最后,对一个螺线管线圈内放置七个器件的状态进行了三维模拟,其合成功率输出可达2GW。     

High power Q-switched TEM<Subscript>00</Subscript> Nd:YVO<Subscript>4</Subscript> laser with self-adaptive compensation of thermal lensing effect

a high power dual-end-pumped Nd:YVO₄ laser with adaptive compensation of thermal lensing effect by adjusting HR mirror along the optical axis was proposed. In Q-switching operation at 70 kHz, the laser worked at different pump power (from 90 W to 70 W) with stable beam quality (M ² ∼ 1.15) and high output power (from 39 to 28.4 W), corresponding to the absorbed-output conversion efficiency of 55%. In the meantime, the pulse duration was increased from 24 to 31.7 ns. At various repetition rate from 60 to 100 kHz, the beam quality factors were all measured less than 1.2.     

全光纤瓦级纳秒脉冲掺Yb放大器

采用单模放大和包层抽运放大的级联方式,在主振荡功率放大系统中,将平均功率0.5 mW、脉宽20 ns以及重复频率为50 kHz的光脉冲安全放大到平均功率0.6 W、峰值功率600 W的脉冲输出.相应增益为30.8 dB.放大输出的脉冲信号信噪比为30 dB,脉冲形状基本没有发生畸变.在前置放大结构中抽运光通过级联熔融拉锥型波分复用器耦合,有效确保了抽运源(976 nm)的正常工作.     

基于离轴高增益速调管的X波段高功率合成技术研究

为了克服强流高增益速调管放大器中的自激振荡和适应低阻抗脉冲功率源发展的需要,利用高阻抗X波段五腔高增益速调管放大器进行了离轴八注八管高增益速调管功率合成技术研究,在频率为9.47 GHz、模拟输出功率为284 MW、增益为51.6 d B和效率为35.5%条件下,该器件整管微波输出稳定.在三维模型中,在离轴54 mm条件下该器件的微波输出特性稳定.基于实验室现有4.5 T(长1.1 m,室温孔径为150 mm)超导磁体,进行了八注八管高增益速调管的整管模拟,每个器件实现284 MW的微波输出.最后,为实现GW级功率输出,利用HFSS软件设计了用于离轴八注八管高增益速调管功率合成的八合一功率合成器,将该合成器同八注八管高增益速调管结合,模拟得到功率为1.84 GW、增益为50.7 d B、效率为28.8%的微波输出.     

全光纤瓦级纳秒脉冲掺Yb放大器

采用单模放大和包层抽运放大的级联方式,在主振荡功率放大系统中,将平均功率0.5 mW、脉宽20 ns以及重复频率为50 kHz的光脉冲安全放大到平均功率0.6 W、峰值功率600 W的脉冲输出.相应增益为30.8 dB.放大输出的脉冲信号信噪比为30 dB,脉冲形状基本没有发生畸变.在前置放大结构中抽运光通过级联熔融拉锥型波分复用器耦合,有效确保了抽运源(976 nm)的正常工作.     

Multimegawatt relativistic harmonic gyrotron traveling-wave tubeamplifier experiments

The first multimegawatt (4 MW, η=8%) harmonic (ω=sΩ_c, s=2,3) relativistic gyrotron traveling-wave tube (gyro-twt) amplifier experiment has been designed, built, and tested. Results from this experimental setup, including the first ever reported third-harmonic gyro-twt results, are presented. Operation frequency is 17.1 GHz. Detailed phase measurements are also presented. The electron beam source is SNOMAD-II, a solid-state nonlinear magnetic accelerator driver with nominal parameters of 400 kV and 350 A. The flat-top pulsewidth is 30 ns. The electron beam is focused using a Pierce geometry and then imparted with transverse momentum using a bifilar helical wiggler magnet. The imparted beam pitch is a α≡β_⊥/β_∥≈1. Experimental operation involving both a second-harmonic interaction with the TE₂₁ mode and a third-harmonic interaction with the TE ₃₁ mode, both at 17 GHz, has been characterized. The third-harmonic interaction resulted in 4-MW output power and 50-dB single-pass gain, with an efficiency of up to ~8% (for 115-A beam current). The best measured phase stability of the TE₃₁ amplified pulse was ±10° over a 9-ns period. The phase stability was limited because the maximum RF power was attained when operating far from wiggler resonance. The second harmonic, TE₂₁ had a peak amplified power of 2 MW corresponding to 40 dB single-pass gain and 4% efficiency. The second-harmonic interaction showed stronger superradiant emission than the third-harmonic interaction. Characterizations of the second- and third-harmonic gyro-twt experiments presented here include measurement of far-field radiation patterns, gain and phase versus interaction length, phase stability, and output power versus input power     

Linearly polarized intracavity passive Q-switched Yb-doped photonic crystal fibre laser

In this paper we report linearly polarized high average power passive Q-switched ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fibre laser with a Cr⁴⁺:YAG crystal as a saturable absorber. An average output power of 9.4 W with pulse duration of 64 ns and pulse repetition rate of 57.4 kHz with a slope efficiency of 52% was achieved. Measured polarization extinction ratio (PER) of the Q-switched laser output was 10.5 dB.