Stability of (3)He(2)(4)He(n) and (3)He(3)(4)He(n) L=0 clusters

We have studied the stability of mixed (3)He/(4)He clusters in L=0 states by the diffusion Monte Carlo method, employing the Tang-Toennies-Yiu He-He potential. The clusters (3)He(4)He(N) and (3)He(2)(4)He(N) are stable for N>1. The lighter atoms tend to move to the surface of the cluster. The minimum number of 4He atoms able to bind three 3He atoms in a L=0 state is nine. Two of three fermionic helium atoms stay on the surface, while the third one penetrates into the cluster.     

Stability of small mixed clusters of 4He and 3He atoms

The existence of small helium clusters containing a variable number of 4He and 3He atoms is studied within a variational Monte Carlo calculation employing the Aziz HFD-B(HE) pair interaction. The clusters 4He(2) support one and two 3He atoms; however, the system with three 3He atoms is metastable, and the next bound system requires at least 18 fermions. All clusters obtained by adding 3He atoms to the trimer 4He(3) and the tetramer 4He(4) are bound, but the clusters 4He(3)-3He(3,4,5) and 4He(3,4)-3He(9) are metastable. All remaining clusters with three or more bosons and any number of fermions are stable.     

Binding Energies and Scattering Observables in the 4He3 and 3He4He2 Three-Atomic Systems

The asymmetric ³He⁴He₂ three-atomic system is studied on the basis of a hard-core version of the Faddeev differential equations. Binding energy and scattering observables for this system are compared to previous results for the symmetric ⁴He₃ problem.     

Large-space cluster model calculations for the 3He(3He,2p)4He and 3H(3H,2n)4He reactions

The ³He(³He,2p)⁴He and ³H(³H,2n)su4He reactions are studied in a microscopic cluster model. We search for resonances in the ³He+³He and ⁴He + p + p channels using methods that treat the two- and three-body resonance asymptotics correctly. Our results show that the existence of a low-energy resonance or virtual state, which could influence the ⁷Be and ⁸B solar neutrino fluxes, is rather unlikely. Our calculated ³He(³He,2p)⁴He and ³H(³H,2n)⁴He cross sections are in a good general agreement with the experimental data.     

Microscopic study of the low-energy3He(3He, 2p)4He and3H(3H, 2n)4He fusion cross sections

We have calculated the³He(³He, 2p)⁴He and³H(³H, 2n)⁴He reaction cross sections at low energies within the microscopic multichannel resonating group method. For both reactions, we find good agreement with experiment. For the³H(³H, 2n)⁴He reaction, our calculated energy dependence reproduces that of each individual low-energy experimental data set, except for a normalization constant. Using this fact, we derive at a low-energy³H(³H, 2n)⁴He rate by taking the averaged mean of these fits.This work has been supported in part by the National Science Foundation, Grants PHY86-04197 and PHY88-17296.     

M2SiO4：Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba;Re=Ce3+,Tb3+)的发光性能

合成了系列M₂SiO₄:Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba;Re=Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺)样品,研究了样品在真空紫外区域的激发光谱和发射光谱。从激发谱可以看出:M₂SiO₄:Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba;Re=Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺)在147,172nm有很强的吸收带。用Mg,Ca完全取代Ba₂SiO₄:Tb³⁺中的Ba,相对应的晶体的晶格参数逐渐增大,晶场的能量逐渐减少,其激发光谱随着碱土离子半径的增加向长波方向移动。在172nm真空紫外光激发下,观察到M₂SiO₄:Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba;Re=Tb³⁺和M₂SiO₄:Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba;Re=Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺)特征发射;在真空紫外激发下,随着M₂SiO₄:Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba;Re=Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺)中Ce³⁺含量的增加,M₂SiO₄:Re的特征发射明显减弱,并分析讨论了相关发光现象的成因。     

M2SiO4:Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba;Re=Ce3+,Tb3+)的发光性能

合成了系列M2SiO4∶Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba; Re= Ce3 ,Tb3 )样品,研究了样品在真空紫外区域的激发光谱和发射光谱.从激发谱可以看出:M2SiO4∶Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba; Re= Ce3 ,Tb3 )在147,172 nm有很强的吸收带.用Mg,Ca完全取代Ba2SiO4∶Tb3 中的Ba ,相对应的晶体的晶格参数逐渐增大,晶场的能量逐渐减少,其激发光谱随着碱土离子半径的增加向长波方向移动.在172 nm真空紫外光激发下,观察到M2SiO4∶Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba; Re=Tb3 和M2SiO4∶Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba; Re= Ce3 ,Tb3 )特征发射;在真空紫外激发下,随着M2SiO4∶Re(M=Mg,Ca,Ba; Re= Ce3 ,Tb3 )中Ce3 含量的增加,M2SiO4∶Re的特征发射明显减弱,并分析讨论了相关发光现象的成因.     

水合金属团簇M~+(H_2O)_n(M=Cu,Ag,Au;n=1-4)的结构和稳定性研究

利用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法优化了M~+(H_2O)_n(M=Cu,Ag,Au;n=1-4)团簇的几何结构,并对它们的稳定性和电子性质进行了系统研究.计算结果表明,Cu~+(H_2O)_n和Ag~+(H_2O)_n团簇的水合骨架结构由三个氧原子与金属离子相连接而成,而Au~+(H_2O)_n团簇则由两个氧原子与金属离子形成的线性结构而得到.通过计算的结合能和HOMO-LUMO能隙也发现:三种水合金属离子体系的稳定性大小为:Eb(Cu)=Eb(Au)Eb(Ag),但是Ag~+(H_2O)_n团簇具有较高的动力学稳定性.这些研究对于今后过渡金属离子水溶液性质的研究和应用提供了重要的理论参考.     

Luminescence of orthovanadates M 3 + M3+(VO4)2 and M 2 + M4+ (VO4)2

The absorption, excitation, and luminescence spectra of vanadates of type M ₃ ⁺ M³⁺(VO₄)₂ and M ₂ ⁺ M⁴⁺(VO₄)₂ are studied, where M⁺ is Na, K, Rb, Cs; M³⁺ is Al, Sc; M⁴⁺ is Zr, Sn, Ti. The luminescence spectra maxima are located at 490–510 nm, while those of the excitation spectra are at 360–375 nm. Temperature characteristics of luminescence and thermostimulated luminescence are studied. The question of activation of complex vanadates by rare-earth ions is considered.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 3, pp. 24–28, March, 1976.     

X-rays from antiprotonic3He and4He

Antiprotonic X-rays from the helium isotopes have been observed at pressures of 36, 72, 375 and 600 mbar. The antiproton beam from LEAR with momenta of 309 and 202 MeV/c has been stopped at these pressures using the cyclotron trap. The X-rays were detected with Si (Li) and intrinsic Ge semiconductor detectors. Absolute X-ray yields were determined and the strong-interaction 2p shifts and the 2p and 3d broadenings measured to be _2p=(–17±4) eV, _2p=(25±9) eV and _3d=(2.14 ±0.18) meV for ¯p³He and _2p=(-18±2) eV, _2p =(45±5) eV and _3d=(2.36±0.10) meV for ¯p⁴He.The efforts of the LEAR staff and the help of P. Gauss from the CERN Cryogenic Group as well as the technical assistance of M. Dröge and M. Stoll are gratefully acknowledged. This work is part of the Ph.D. of one of us (M.S.), University of Karlsruhe (1987), KfK report no. 4222.     

Two-neutron elastic transfer 4He(6He,4He)6He at E = 151 MeV

Using the framework of the coupled reaction channels (CRC) the elastic scattering and the elastic transfer in the system ⁶He + ⁴He measured at E = 151 MeV have been analysed. It is shown that the structure observed in the backward range of the angular distributions is influenced by the interference of the elastic 2n-transfer with a two-step process passing through the 2⁺ excitation in ⁶He. The two-neutron transfer mechanism is studied in the microscopic approach and it is found that for the ground-state transition the one step dominates by a factor 10 over the two-step mechanism at this energy. Received: 29 October 2001 / Accepted: 4 December 2001     

Scattering lengths of pionic 3He and 4He

Scattering lengths of pionic ³He and ⁴He and the charge exchange contribution to the 1s width of pionic ³He are calculated within the fixed scatterer approximation of the multiple scattering formalism. Particular attention is focussed on the nuclear physics part and on πN p-wave contributions. For the first time triple scattering and double-spin-flip contributions have been included. We find significant deviations from previous estimates and calculations. Good agreement is achieved with the experimental π^?3He scattering length, whereas in the case of ⁴He a repulsive dispersion contribution is clearly needed. We propose to use the measured 1s level shift of pionic ³He as a constraint to deduce a precise value of the isoscalar πN scattering length. Furthermore, we find that multiple scattering reduces the impulse approximation value for Γ_1s(π^?3He → π^{0 3}H) by more thsn 20 %. This result casts some doubt on impulse approximation calculations of radiative pion capture as well.     

Mn(SiO2)3(M=Fe,Co,Ni;n=1-3)团簇的几何结构、光电性质及磁性

基于密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似系统研究M_n(SiO₂)₃(M=Fe,Co,Ni;n=1-3)团簇的几何结构、光电性质和磁学性质.结果表明:Fe,Co原子相对于Ni原子更易于在(SiO₂)₃团簇上聚集;通过分析团簇的分裂途径及其产物,发现稳定性较好的氧化硅是一种很好的用于负载过渡金属"岛膜"的载体材料;M_n(SiO₂)₃团簇的能隙恰好位于近红外光谱范围内.通过磁性分析发现,该复合团簇的磁矩主要局域在过渡金属原子周围,而且,Fe₂(SiO₂)₃和Co₃(SiO₂)₃具有相对较大的磁矩,这主要源于过渡金属原子的d轨道间相互耦合.能隙和磁性两方面性质进一步肯定了二氧化硅磁性复合材料在医学界被用作光动力靶向治疗的可观前景.     

Nonlinear UV-laser spectroscopy of the 2 3S−5 3P transition in 3He and 4He

We report the production of stable CW single mode UV radiation around 295 nm at powers exceeding 50 mW, using a passive enhancement cavity for second harmonic generation. With this laser we have investigated the 2 ³S?5 ³P transition at 294.5 nm in ³He and ⁴He by intermodulated fluorescence spectroscopy. The measurements of the hyperfine splittings of the 5 ³P levels agree with semi-empirical calculations.     

NMR in Li2 M 3Al(MoO4)4 triple molybdates (M = Rb,Cs)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (magic angle spinning) spectra of ⁷Li, ²⁷Al, ⁸⁷Rb, and ¹³³Cs nuclei are measured in Li₂ M ₃Al(MoO₄)₄ triple molybdates (M = Rb, Cs) for the first time. Analysis of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra reveal considerable asymmetry in the distribution of the electric charge throughout the crystal lattices of the compounds.     

The (p, 2p) reaction on 2H, 3He and 4He

The (p, 2p) cross sections on ²H, ³He and ⁴He were measured at 65, 85 and 100 MeV. The experimental data show rather strong energy and target mass dependence, particularly for ⁴He.