不同边界条件下波动方程解的对应关系研究

同一结构在两种不同边界条件下的声振结果存在某种联系,这种联系可用来研究飞行器地面模拟试验环境与空中飞行环境下的状态关系。对此从一般的弹性体波动方程出发,基于载荷等效原则,应用变分原理和偏微分方程理论,对同一结构在不同边界条件下的内在联系进行了研究,证明了这种内在联系的存在性。研究结果表明:响应变化与边界扰动间存在的平方关系;响应变化幅度估计与精确解相比在一个数量级上。     

近场波动的数值模拟

本文评述了近年来波源（或散射体）及其邻域内波动数值模拟的主要研究结果，着重讨论了人工边界条件这一关键问题的研究进展     

波动控制的方法和展望

本文综述了近年来关于大型空间结构中波动控制研究的背景、方法和结果，并且就波动控制中的几个关键问题提出了展望．     

横向振动方柱波动升力实验研究

本文对均匀流中静止方柱和横向强迫振动的方柱进行了实验研究。实验雷诺数范围为 3×10~3～10~4,振幅与柱截面宽度之比 A/D 达到0.7,实验折合速度范围为 4.5≤V_r≤12。文章重点研究了较高振幅振动柱的锁定现象、波动升力与柱位移之间的相位变化,讨论了方柱涡激振荡、驰振和气动稳定性问题。对流场进行的流动显示,清晰地显示出锁定区涡脱落过程、近尾迹流场随振动频率和振幅的演化规律,从而对振动柱波动升力与相位变化的物理机制获得进一步认识。     

波动方程的精细逐步积分法

应用现有的波动方程求解方法解决工程实际问题尚存在一定的局限性。本文在结构动力方程精细逐步积分的基础上,提出了波动方程初边值问题的精细逐步积分法,并分别给出了不同边界条件下的精细逐步积分格式。此数值方法虽然是显式积分方法,却是无条件稳定的。分别用精细逐步积分法和其它已有的方法对两个算例进行了计算,一个是有解析解的例子,该例验证了此方法的准确性,另一个例子是求解由波动方程及初始条件和边界条件组成的有杆抽油系统预测模型,此例验证了精细逐步积分法的高效性。     

冲击荷载作用下有限元方法求解波动过程的精度研究

研究了用动力有限元求解瞬态波动过程中产生的高频振荡和波形畸变的原因，提出了提高计算精度的有效方法及相应的确定单元尺寸及时间步长的方法。计算结果表明，作者提出的方法能有效地提高冲击荷载下波动问题求解精度。     

波动数值模拟的一种显式方法——一维波动

本文提出了波动时域数值模拟的一种新的显式方法,并通过一维非规则网格节点递推公式的建立说明此方法。为了阐明应用此法构建高精度、稳定递推公式的可行性,详细论述了一维均匀网格标量波动数值模拟的精度和稳定性;提出了构建时空精度皆为 阶( 为正整数)的稳定递推公式的技术途径,并以构建二阶(M=1)和四阶(M=2)公式为例予以说明。最后,通过算例详细说明了本文理论结果。     

输液曲管平面内振动的波动方法研究

采用Flügge曲粱模拟弯曲管道,推导了管内流体的加速度,在总体轴线不可伸长假定的基础上建立了曲管平面内振动的动力学方程;采用波动方法,获得了曲管内振动波的传播和反射矩阵,提出了计算曲管平面内振动固有频率的数值方法.算例分析中,通过计算两端固定半圆形曲管的临界流速并与已有文献结果对比,验证了论文方法的正确性.最后,计算了两端固定半圆形曲管在四种不同流速下的前四阶固有频率,结果表明,管内流速的增大会降低管道的固有频率,当流速增大到某一特定值时,管道的一阶固有频率消失.     

波动钻压下阶梯钻柱系统稳定性研究

处于狭长井筒中的钻柱,其动力响应受到钻具组合、内外钻井液流动以及钻井参数等因素的影响,钻柱动力失稳导致的剧烈振动是井壁坍塌和钻具失效的重要原因.考虑到钻杆和钻铤在刚度和线密度上存在很大的差别,论文将钻柱简化为单阶梯输液管柱,钻井液沿着钻柱内部向下泵入并从环空返回地面.耦合考虑钻柱自重、随时间简谐变化的波动钻压、稳定器以及钻井液的水动力和阻尼力,建立了直井中钻柱横向振动的解析模型.利用有限单元法离散为四阶常微分方程后,采用Bolotin法得到临界频率方程确定系统的不稳定区范围,研究了钻压、钻杆长度、稳定器安装位置、钻井液的流速和密度等参数对系统稳定性影响的机理.研究表明:钻压的平均值和波动幅值都是钻柱失稳的驱动因素,而系统的稳定性对处于受拉状态的钻杆的长度变化不敏感.在论文所研究的参数范围内,降低钻井液流速和密度、下移稳定器的安装位置均有助于增强系统的稳定性.     

Variations on Fourier wave theory

A review of the analytical and numerical background of Fourier wave theory establishes the commonality of existing formulations and identifies a number of analytical and numerical assumptions that are unnecessary. Some formulations in particular lack flexibility in excluding the possibility of Stokes' second definition of phase speed. A generalized formulation is introduced for comparative purposes and it is shown that published solutions differ only in the approach to the limit wave. Detailed consideration of truncation order confirms that it is the crucial parameter, especially at extreme wave heights. All formulations considered are shown to provide acceptable solutions for small to moderately extreme waves.     

The displacement wave theory of blood vessel

On the basis of the medical and mechanical analysis and explanations in this paper the visco-elastic simply supported beam model is proposed to treat the displacement wave of the blood vessels. The relationships between the displacement wave and blood vessel elasticity as well as the viscous dissipation of the blood and blood vessel are obtained. The corresponding relations of such kinds of pulses in the traditional Chinese medicine as smooth pulse, surface pulse and deep pulse to the displacement waves of blood vessels are also found. The computational results are in good agreement with those acquired in the experiments with ultrasonic wave.The Projects Supported by National Science Fundation of China.     

Theory of magnetoacoustic wave generation by mechanical radiators

Aspects of the radiation of magnetoacoustic waves by an oscillating plane piston and by a radially pulsating cylinder and sphere are discussed. Expressions are derived for the magnetohydrodynamic perturbation fields in the medium. The radiation reaction forces acting on the given bodies are determined. The significant distinction between the theory of socalled magnetic sound generation and the theory of ordinary sound radiation is demonstrated. For example, the directivity pattern of a magnetic radially pulsating cylinder or sphere has a dipole character, whereas for ordinary sound generated by the same sources the pattern is isotropic, i.e., monopolar.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Flziki, No. 4, pp. 31–41, July–August, 1972.     

Millimeter wave rheometry: theory and experiment

A novel millimeter wave (MMW) rheometry is developed to determine the viscosity of fluids based on an unsteady film flow on an inclined plane. The method measures fringes due to MMW interference between the front and back surfaces of a fluid flowing across the field of view of a ceramic wave guide coupled to a MMW receiver operating at 137 GHz. With knowledge of the dielectric constant, the interference fringe spacing is used to calculate the thickness of the fluid layer. This thickness is then transformed into the viscosity by means of a simple hydrodynamic theory. Our results show that the MMW rheometry can practically distinguish between the 30, 100, and 200 Pa·s silicone oils. The geometry of the method allows for potential industrial applications such as measuring viscosity of the flowing slag down the walls of coal gasifiers. The MMW rheometry with simple modifications can be easily extended to measure important non-Newtonian fluid characteristics such as yield stress.     

Instability theory of shock wave in a channel

The instability theory of shock wave was extended from the case with an infinitefront to the case of a channel with a rectangular cross section.First,themathematical formulation of the problem was given which included a system ofdisturbed equations and three kinds of boundary conditions.Then,the general solutionsof the equations upstream and downstream were given and each contained fiveconstants to be determined.Thirdly,under one boundary condition and oneassumption,it was proved that all of the disturbances in front of the shock front andone of the two acoustic disturbances behind the shock front should be zero.Theboundary condition was that all of the disturbed physical quantities should approach tozero at infinity.The assumption was that only the unstable shock wave was concernedhere.So it was reasonable to assumeω=iγ,γwas the instability growth rate andwas a positive real number.Another kind of boundary conditions was that the normaldisturbed velocities should be zero at the solid wall of the cha     

谈谈弹塑性力学中的简化问题

讨论了弹塑性力学中的基本假设、本构模型和简化分析方法. 指出在这一领域中, 简化是非常重要的和必需的.     

Comments on the relation between surface wave theory and the theory of reflection

The sextic Stroh formalism, previously extensively used in the analysis of subsonic phenomena, has been used for the analysis of reflection phenomena and leaky surface waves in the first transsonic range of velocities. In particular the behaviour of the reflection problem at the limiting velocity is studied. It is shown that when the condition of free surface can be satisfied without the inhomogeneous partial wave, a situation which would appear to be the natural limiting case of a surface wave of infinite penetration, the body wave alone satisfies the condition of free surface. This result illuminates the Barnett-Lothe existence theorem for subsonic surface waves. The close connection between the reflection problem and the leaky surface wave problem becomes very apparent in the formalism used. It is shown that for a point on a branch of leaky waves where the solution is undamped, the conditions for simple reflection, i.e. reflection only involving the two body waves, are also present. In the vicinity of such a point reflection is accompanied by resonance excitation of leaky waves. The paper concludes with some explicit calculations for transversely isotropic solids.