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实验研究了几种阴极的强流猝发多脉冲发射特性. 研究结果表明, 天鹅绒阴极产生的猝发强流双脉冲电子束亮度优于1×108A/(m.rad)2, 而直立碳纤阴极产生的强流三脉冲电子束的亮度也优于3×107A/(m.rad)2, 并有进一步提高的可能. 新型的冷场致发射阴极如纳米金刚石膜阴极和纳米碳管阴极也具有强流发射能力, 实验得到的发射电流密度大于50A/cm2.文中还给出的大发射面储备式热阴极的实验结果, 并对相关阴极实现稳定强流多脉冲发射的研究方向和应用前景进行了分析. 相似文献
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通过一台2 MeV直线感应型强流电子注入器建立的双脉冲功率源系统,实验研究了天鹅绒阴极产生的相对论性猝发双脉冲强流电子束基本特性,给出了双脉冲电子束的积分发射度、亮度和双脉冲电子束时间分辨包络变化情况。研究结果表明:天鹅绒阴极产生的双脉冲的亮度达到108 A·(m·rad)-2;实验得到的两个脉冲电子束包络半径不完全一致,这是由于天鹅绒阴极在发射电子束过程中产生的阴极等离子体对真空二极管的影响程度不同所导致的。 相似文献
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脉冲强流电子束的发射度测量 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文描述了利用多孔板测量脉冲强流电子束发射度的原理和方法。考虑了空间电荷和轴向磁场对测量的影响。实验参量是阴极形状、阳极网孔、二极管距离和电压、电流幅值。在直线感应加速器上、用天鹅绒平面阴极和腐蚀的钨网阳极,当束能为1.32MeV、束流为2kA时,测得均方根发射度ε_(rm)=79cm.mrad,相应规一化亮度B_n=4.8×10~3A/(cm.rad)~2。 相似文献
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采用碳纳米管制备了一种强流电子束发射阴极,并对碳纳米管阴极在双脉冲条件下的强流发射性能进行了研究.在双脉冲条件下获得了245 A/cm2的强发射电流密度,阴极的开启时间约为40 ns.采用高速分幅相机和CCD相机对强流电子束在空间和时间的分布进行了研究.研究表明连续脉冲实验时,离子体及其膨胀对发射电子束的强度和分布影响很大,双脉冲时脉冲间隔时间内等离子体的膨胀速率约为8.17 cm/μs.等离子体形成时没有优先位置,电子束发射的局部增强位置是随机的.结果表明碳纳米管阴极可以作为强流阴
关键词:
碳纳米管
爆炸场发射
等离子体膨胀
强流电子束 相似文献
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采用丝网印刷法制备了一种大面积的碳纳米管阴极,表征了阴极表面碳纳米管的形貌及分布.研究了该阴极在不同脉冲条件下的高压脉冲发射特性,分析了发射时阴极面等离子体产生和发射点的分布.研究表明:碳纳米管阴极的脉冲发射机制为爆炸电子发射,在平均场强为16.7V/μm的单脉冲电场下,阴极的最高发射电流密度为99 A/cm2.在平均场强为15.4 V/μm的双脉冲电场下,阴极的最高发射电流密度为267 A/cm2.碳纳米管阴极可以作为强流电子束源在高能微波器件中得到应用.
关键词:
强流脉冲电子束
碳纳米管
阴极
丝网印刷 相似文献
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天鹅绒阴极发射性能的实验研究 总被引:5,自引:5,他引:0
在长脉冲(50~100ns)和短脉冲(3ns)条件下,我们对天鹅绒阴极的发射性能进行了实验研究。其阴极电流密度分别为400A/cm~2和7kA/cm~2。 我们分别测量了电流-电压曲线,使用Cherenkov效应得到了阴极发射图象,得到了天鹅绒纤维的扫描电镜照片并测量了天鹅绒阴极的实验结构。在此基础上讨论了天鹅绒阴极的发射机理。 相似文献
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匀速运动的带电粒子在穿过具有不同介电常数的两种媒质界面时要产生所谓光学渡越辐射。该辐射在粒子的入射平面上呈偏振行为;从辐射强度的角分布可以确定入射粒子的能量。在入射到双膜系统的情况下,由于干涉的发生,在第二膜前表面的强度角分布有振荡行为。利用这些现象,可对脉冲电子束包络半径、束电流密度的横向分布,束能量以及横向散角进行测量,依照这一原理在各LIA加速器上进行的脉冲电子束参数测量,获得的有效数据极大地提高了加速器的调试效率。 相似文献
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由修改了的脉冲线加速器驱动的、高功率(200kV)、高电流密度、低发射度、高亮度赝火花放电电子束在15pa氮气中产生。束流强度2.2kA,脉宽400ns,束径1mm的电子束从阳极口射出,可在中性氮电离通道中传输20cm。在阳极下游5cm处,电子束相继打穿紧密粘贴在一起的酸敏纸和0.05mm厚的铜箔,分别留下0.6mm和0.3mm的穿孔。依据箍缩平衡条件算出该处的高能电子束的归一化发射度和亮度分别是23πmm mrad和8×1010A/(m2rad2)。对同一酸敏纸连续轰击10次给出1.6mm穿孔表明它具有好的重复性。观察工作60枪后的放电室发现,各种电极和绝缘子表面几乎未见任何破坏性烧蚀痕迹。实验证明,赝火花电子束的束质量比冷阴极电子束的束质量要好得多。
关键词: 相似文献
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研究了强流(~129 nA)、 高能(1 500~1 900 eV)电子束在大角度(9°)弯曲宏观石英管中的导向效应。 实验分别测量了入射流强及能量对出射电子角分布值(FWHM)和传输效率的影响。 实验观察到出射电子角分布FWHM随着入射电子流强和入射电子能量增加变化均不明显; 发现电子传输效率随入射流强增加而增加, 但随入射能量增加而减小, 这与高电荷态离子导向中离子传输效率随入射能量增加而增加的现象相反。 分析发现, 与高电荷态离子导向机制不同, 电子束导向并非是由电子在石英管内壁的自组织充电过程引起的, 而是入射电子与管内壁弹性和非弹性散射碰撞共同作用的结果。 By using an incident electron beam with the high current and high energy, the guiding effect of the bended macroscopic quartz tube for the electron beam has been investigated. The angular distributions of outgoing electrons depending on the current and energy of incident electrons were measured. The dependences of electron transmitted fraction on energy and current of incident electrons are also shown. As the incident electron energy increasing, the electron transmitted fraction increases, but it decreases while the incident electron current increasing. The results have been compared with the present data. This work presents, the process of guiding electrons is essentially different from that of guiding highly charged ions, the guiding electron beam was caused by both elastic and inelastic collisions between electrons and inner walls of quartz tube, rather than self organized charging effect on the surface of inner wall of quartz tube. 相似文献
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《中国物理 B》2019,(9)
The interaction of MeV H_2~+ molecular ions with thin layer graphene and graphite foils was studied by using a highresolution electrostatic analyzer.A large number of fragment protons were observed at zero degree(along the beam direction) when the H_2~+ beam was passing through the monolayer graphene foil, which indicates that the electron of the H_2~+ molecular ions can be stripped easily even by the monolayer graphene foil.More trailing than leading protons were found in the energy spectrum, which means significant wake effect was observed in the monolayer graphene foil.The ratio of the numbers of trailing protons over leading protons first increased with the thickness for the much thinner graphene foils, and then decreased with the thickness for the much thicker graphite foils, which indicates that the bending effect of the wake field on the trailing proton varied with the foil thickness. 相似文献
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K. Z. Botros 《Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)》1995,26(6):539-543
In the present work, convergent beam electron diffraction was studied in zirconium (a material of intermediate atomic number) at 300 keV, under weak beam diffraction conditions. For a particular thickness, the details in an observed low order disc were matched to those calculated using the multibeam dynamical theory. This presents the possibility of determining foil thickness over a wide range, with an estimated experimental accuracy of ≈7% or less. In contrast to other convergent beam techniques, the present method, which uses weak beam conditions, can employ commonly-occurring low order reflections to extract thicknesses.
A simple equation based on the two beam approximation, is derived to determine foil thickness (to within ≈ 10%) without resorting to detailed image matching. This equation can be used for a rough estimate of foil thickness while carrying out TEM observations. 相似文献
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A. V. Kozyrev V. Yu. Kozhevnikov E. Kh. Baksht A. G. Buranchenko V. F. Tarasenko 《Russian Physics Journal》2010,53(4):361-368
A possibility of reconstructing the electron beam spectrum from the dependence of beam extinction on foil thickness is demonstrated.
The electron energy distributions are calculated using Tikhonov’s regularization of the Fredholm integral equation with the
least number of a priori assumptions on the beam spectrum shape. The spectra experimentally obtained in a vacuum diode loaded
by nanosecond voltage pulses are reconstructed and analyzed. 相似文献
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研究了能量在100到300 keV区间的低能宽幅电子束从真空引出到空气中的特性。利用EGS5程序模拟了电子束穿过不同厚度钛箔后,在空气中距离钛箔5~10 cm距离处的能量损失、束流损失和束流分布均匀性等。模拟结果显示,对于低能电子,钛箔厚度应该在10 μm左右为宜,其透射率与能量直接相关,在距离钛箔5 cm的位置,电子束的分布不均匀度低于±2%,优于工业应用±10%的标准(特殊情况下要求为5%),完全满足工业辐照要求。In order to investigate the characteristics of extracting low-energy electron beam from vacuum into air, EGS5 is used to simulate the energy loss, beam loss and spatial distribution uniformity at the irradiation position, which is 5~10 cm to titanium foil with different thickness. The simulation results show that the transmittance is directly related to the incent energy of low-energy electron. When the titanium foil thickness is 10 μm, the inhomogeneity about the energy beam spatial distribution is below 5% on the treatment plane 5 cm away from the titanium foil. And totally meet the industrial needs. 相似文献