化学单元教学设计的探索

论述了单元教学是落实化学新课程三维目标的基本教学过程,同时对教学单元的含义、教学单元的选择与建构、化学单元教学设计及其意义进行了阐述。     

必修模块化学实验教学中“过程与方法”目标的建构与实施策略

为了探索解决新课程实施中“过程与方法”目标的虚化和实验教学的困境,以新课程改革的理念为指导,以化学实验的教学功能为理论基础,全面把握人教版整套中学化学新课程教材,基于新课程改革的实践,选择必修教材中最具有代表意义的4个实验为案例,阐述实验教学中“过程与方法”目标的建构方法与实施策略。     

化学概念教学要关注学生的思维过程和认识发展——“混合物和纯净物”教学案例透视

化学概念是学生化学学习的重要内容。化学概念的教学不应只关注具体概念内涵的识记和辨析,而应关注学生的思维过程,教给学生科学加工的方法,使之成为认识物质及其变化的思想工具。本文以“混合物和纯净物”概念教学为例,对案例中的教学问题进行了多角度分析,并从了解学生已有的知识经验、明确学生化学概念学习水平和认识发展目标、创设经历思维过程的学习活动3个方面阐述了促进学生认识发展的概念教学设计思路。     

“萃取”教学的2个问题与对策

萃取作为高中生进入高中最先接触的新知识,是“化学必修1”第一章(从实验学化学)第一节(化学实验基本方法)的2个难点之一(另一难点为粗盐提纯中试剂的顺序).在教学中,学生理解与掌握得好坏不仅影响成绩,而且关乎学生学习兴趣的发展.如果依据新课程理念,从教师教的角度剖析实际教学过程,将发现萃取的教学过程在教材的处理、概念的形成等方面仍存在一些值得探讨的问题.     

酸碱性与人类生活——“溶液的酸碱性”课堂教学设计与感悟

有效地开展探究活动,让化学课成为学生终生受益的一门学科,是当前面临的一个重要课题。以苏教版《化学反应原理》（选修4）专题3“溶液中的离子反应”第二单元为例,阐述新课程理念下新课程教学中“从生活走进化学,从实验研究化学,从化学走向社会”的基本教学思路,并探研了教学实施时的要项。     

“一题两讲”是提高讲评课效率的有效方法——新课程高三化学讲评课的课例与反思

“一题两讲”是讲评课课前学生分组研究、课上学生先讲、教师再讲的教学方法。通过对一堂新课程高三化学讲评课“一题两讲”之课例的分析,说明了“一题两讲”的操作与方法,阐述了“一题两讲”能引导学生尤其是化学学习困难学生主动参与讲评课,能提高新课程高三化学讲评课效率,达到新课程三维目标的统一。     

创建高师化学教学论后续新课程--"化学综合教学教程"的研究与设计

基础教育新课程改革要求教师应具有良好的学科渗透与综合教学的能力,这对高等师范院校提出了化学教师培养的更新更高要求。当前高师化学教学论的教学,无论在知识覆盖和学时数上都已经不能满足这种需求。创建化学学科教学论的后续新课程——“化学综合教学教程”,培养师范生较强的综合教学能力,是势在必行的课题。本文就创建“化学综合教学教程”课程的意义、定位、功能、目标和课程的内容特点,进行了具体的研究与设计。     

一个适用于高中化学新课程标准的实验--微波水热合成法制备纳米Fe2O3

以实验为基础是化学学科的重要特征之一,为此,国家教育部新制订的《普通高中化学课程标准(实验)》(以下简称“新课程标准”)在化学选修课中独立设置了“实验化学”的课程模块,该课程模块围绕“知识与技能”、“过程与方法”、“情感态度与价值观”等三方面的目标,旨在使学生通过实验探究活动掌握基本的化学实验方法和技能、了解化学实验研究的一般过程以及常见物质的制备合成方法和现代仪器在物质研究中的应用。     

化学学科观念建构是单元教学的核心——“物质的分类”单元教学的思考

物质的分类是高一学生学习化学的一个重要内容,其中贯穿着分类方法。如何根据这部分知识内容的特点和学生的学习实际,引导学生从化学的视角对物质进行分类,促进学生化学学科基本观念如元素观、分类观、转化观等的初步形成,这无疑是极为重要的。本文从“物质的分类”单元教学的角度出发,分析了本单元内容的教学价值,从化学学科本质的角度阐述了对“物质分类”的理解,在此基础上提出了基于学科观念建构的单元教学策略。     

甘肃省"专升本"学员化学教育类课程需求调查与分析

甘肃省“专升本”传统教育的核心是提高学员学科专业理论水平,但其前提往往是弱化教育理论的学习和教学技能的培养。为了适应基础教育课程改革的需要,化学“专升本”教育的课程结构和培养模式均需进行调整和改革。通过在化学“专升本”学员中进行对化学新课程的宏观认识、内容了解、理论需求及技能了解和需求等几方面的调查和分析表明,新时期甘肃省化学“专升本”教育中加强并开设化学新课程理论和技能类课程是必要的,而且是紧迫的。学员的具体需求主要表现在化学新课程基本理念等10个方面。     

Furyl- and thienyl-silatranes and germatranes

We review our research on the synthesis and study of the physical and biological properties of furyl- and thienylgermatranes and -silatranes.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 725–732, June, 1992.     

Review and patents and literature

The use of the insect cell/baculovirus expression system for producing recombinant proteins of bacterial, plant, insect, and mammalian origin has become widespread. The popularity of this eukaryotic expression system is due to many factors, including (1) potentially high protein expression levels, (2) ease and speed of genetic engineering, (3) ability to accommodate large DNA inserts, (4) protein processing similar to higher eukaryotic cells (e.g., mammalian cells), and (5) ease of insect cell growth (e.g., suspension growth). The following review of the literature discusses two engineering aspects of recombinant protein synthesis by insect cell cultures: bioreactor scale-up and insect cell line selection. Following this review patent abstracts and additional literature pertaining to expression of recombinant proteins in insect cell culture are listed.     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Preparation and photolysis of poly-p-ethylacrylophenone and poly-p-chloroacrylophenone and their copolymers with styrene and methyl methacrylate

Poly-p-ethylacrylophenone (PPEtAP) and poly-p-chloroacrylophenone (PPClAP) and their copolymers with styrene (PEtAP/S) and (PClAP/S) and with methyl methacrylate (PEtAP/MMA) and (PClAP/MMA) were prepared. Quantum yields of main-chain scissions at 366 nm at room temperature in benzene solution are of the same order as those of the unsubstituted polyacrylophenone and its copolymers. Substitution with chlorine and ethyl group in the para position compared to the unsubstituted polyacrylophenone and its copolymers leads to an increase of the lifetime for the n–π^* excited triplet state, as is evident from the measured quenching constants of photolysis. The low-temperature emission spectra of the copolymers are similar to the spectra of the model compounds in a polymer film. For the homopolymer, however, the character of the emission spectrum changes considerably.     

Concentrations and distributions of trace and minor elements in Chinese and Canadian coals and ashes

A total of 35 trace and minor elements including some of environmental significance were determined in each of a selection of 15 Chinese and 6 Canadian thermal coals and their ashes by using the SLOWPOKE-2 nuclear reactor facility of the University of Toronto. The concentrations and distributions of these constituents among the coals and their combustion products (viz. ash and volatile matter) are presented together with an interpretation of their significance in relation to the large scale combustion of these coals as thermal fuels in industrialized countries such as China and Canada. The detailed results showed wide variations in trace impurity concentrations (up to a factor of 100 and more) among the coals studied with few large differences between those of Chinese and Canadian origin except that the rare earths, Sc, Th, U, I, and Se were much higher in the former, other halogens, As and Na were lower. Values for elemental enrichment factors (EF) relative to normal crustal abundances indicated that only As(EF=13), Br(5.7), I(16), S(230), Sb(11) and Se(320) were appreciably enriched in coal. During static ashing at 750°C most of the halogens, S and Se were volatilized whereas most other inorganic constituents were highly retained and concentrated in the ash by factors of 6 to 11.