Investigation of Pr2NiMnO6‐Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 composite cathode for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - The electrochemical performance of Pr2NiMnO6 (PNMO)-xCe0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (CGO) (x = 0–40 wt%) composite oxides as...     

CuO/Ce0.9Zr0.1O2催化剂用于富氢气氛下低温一氧化碳选择氧化的研究

采用浸渍法制备了一系列CuO/Ce_(0.9)Zr_(0.1)O_2催化剂,并利用XRD,XPS对催化剂结构进行了表征,考察了铜担载量,焙烧温度,空速以及CO_2和H_2O的存在对选择氧化消除CO反应的影响.结果表明,在600℃焙烧后的催化剂具有最佳的催化活性和选择性,而且在CO_2和H_2O的存在下140℃也能达到有效消除CO(100ppm以下)的目的,同时选择性达到了70%.100h的连续测试显示催化剂具有良好的稳定性.     

Electrochemical performance and stability of nano-particulate and bi-continuous La1−X Sr X CoO3 and Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 composite electrodes

A bi-continuous porous cathode consisting of nano-particles of strontium substituted lanthanum cobaltite (LSC) covering the surface of a Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_1.95 (CGO10) backbone has been produced. The polarization resistance (R _P) of this cathode was measured to ～35 mΩ cm² at 650 °C. The area-specific resistance at 650 °C (ASR) when applied onto an anode supported cell (ASC) was found to increase from 540 to 730 mΩ cm² when subjected to a thermal cycle to 850 °C. This effect was attributed to particles coarsening but also to a reaction with the electrolyte. The results imply that a CGO10 barrier is required for this type of nano-structured cathode.     

稀土电解质Ce0.9M0.1O2-δ(M=Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd,Dy)的制备与性能

用溶胶-凝胶法制备中温电解质材料Ce0．9M0.1O2-δ,(M=Pr，Nd，Sm，Gd，Dy)系列样品。X射线衍射分析表明，样品为单相立方萤石结构，晶胞体积随着M原子序数的增加而减小。高温阻抗测量表明样品Ce0．9M0.1O2-δ电导率最高。Ce0．9M0.1O2-δ系列样品随着M原子序数的增加热膨胀系数减小。     

Fe/CexZr0.9-xLa0.1O1.95-Al2O3 整体式催化剂上的甲烷催化燃烧反应

 采用共沉淀法制备了一系列 CexZr0.9-xLa0.1O1.95-Al2O3 储氧材料 (其中 CexZr0.9-xLa0.1O1.95 与 Al2O3 的质量比为 1; x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 和 0.9), 以其为载体, 制备了一系列负载铁基整体式催化剂. 考察了该系列催化剂催化甲烷燃烧反应性能, 并用低温 N2 吸附-脱附、储氧能力测试、X 射线衍射和 H2 程序升温还原等手段对载体和催化剂进行了表征. 活性测试结果表明, 当 x = 0.7 时, 催化剂活性最高, 可在 V(CH4) = 1% 和 50 000 h1 条件下使甲烷 465 oC 起燃, 615 oC 完全转化. CexZr0.9-xLa0.1O1.95-Al2O3 样品同时具有较高的储氧能力、较高的比表面积和抗热老化能力. 当 x = 0.5 和 0.7 时, 催化剂载体以 CeZrLaAlO 固溶体存在, 抗老化能力最好, 且 x = 0.7 时, 催化剂最易被还原.     

Optimization of the electrochemical performance of a Ni/Ce0.9Gd0.1O2−δ-impregnated La0.57Sr0.15TiO3 anode in hydrogen

A-site deficient perovskite La_0.57Sr_0.15TiO₃ (LSTO) materials are synthesized by a modified polyacrylamide gel route. X-ray diffraction pattern of LSTO indicates an orthorhombic structure. The thermal expansion coefficient of LSTO is 10.0 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ at 600 °C in 5%H₂/Ar. LSTO shows an electrical conductivity of 2 S cm⁻¹ at 600 °C in 3%H₂O/H₂. A new composite material, containing the porous LSTO backbone impregnated with small amounts of Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_2−δ (CGO) (3.4–8.3 wt.%) and Ni/Cu (2.0–6.3 wt.%), is investigated as an alternative anode for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Because of the substantial electro-catalytic activity of the fine and well-dispersed Ni particles on the surface of the ceramic framework, the polarization resistance of 6.3%Ni-8.3%CGO-LSTO anode reaches 0.73 Ω cm² at 800 °C in 3%H₂O/H₂. In order to further improve the anodic performance, corn starch and carbon black are used as pore-formers to optimize the microstructure of anodes.     

Physicochemical properties of rare earth doped ceria Ce0.9Ln0.1O1.95 (Ln = Nd,Sm, Gd) as an electrolyte material for IT-SOFC/SOEC

Nanosized crystallites of rare earth doped ceria Ce_0.9Ln_0.1O_1.95 (Ln = Nd, Sm, Gd) a promising electrolyte material for Intermediate Temperature – Solid Oxide Fuel Cells/electrolysis cells have been synthesized by standard ceramic route. Detection of impurities in the samples was done by FTIR spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction studies were used for the determination of phase purity, crystal structure and average crystallite size of the samples. Kinetics involved in phase formation has been discussed. Raman study showed a major band around 465 cm⁻¹ in all the samples, which is attributed to the cubic fluorite structure of ceria. It was also found that for samples Ce_0.9Ln_0.1O_1.95 (Ln = Nd, Sm, Gd) the frequency of F_2g shifts to lower value. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy has been used to measure the ionic conductivity of the samples at elevated temperatures. The Gd doped sample showed the highest grain boundary and total conductivity in comparison to Sm and Nd doped sample. Bulk thermal expansion behavior, sintered densities and micro structural features of the samples have also been studied.     

铈锆摩尔比对Ce0.3+xZr0.6-xY0.1O1.95系列储氧材料性能的影响

研究了铈锆摩尔比对Ce0.3+xZr0.6-xY0.1O1.95系列储氧材料性能的影响, 得到了一些有意义的结果.     

Polarization Conductance of the Electrode System O2, Au/0.9ZrO2–0.1Y2O3

An impedancemetry method is employed to investigate a porous gold electrode in contact with a solid oxygen-conducting electrolyte on the basis of zirconium dioxide of the same cationic composition, whose samples differ in the oxygen content. Upon reaching a stationary state, the interphase oxygen exchange rate is independent of the previous treatment and oxygen stoichiometry of the sample. The results are linked to the existence on the electrolyte surface of a layer whose structure differs from the bulk structure.     

镨和铈对低温还原法制备的Ni2P催化剂加氢脱硫活性的影响

采用低温热解次磷酸盐法制备了Ni₂P-L、Pr-Ni₂P-L和Ce-Ni₂P-L催化剂,并采用XRD、H₂-TPR、BET、CO吸附、XPS等手段对制备得到的催化剂进行了表征。以二苯并噻吩(DBT)为模型化合物,研究了Pr、Ce稀土元素对低温还原法制备的Ni₂P-L催化剂加氢脱硫(HDS)性能的影响。结果表明,催化剂添加稀土Pr和Ce能够抑制Ni₅P₄和其他杂晶的生成,从而促进活性相Ni₂P的生成;添加稀土能提高催化剂对联苯(BP)的选择性,但催化剂的总HDS活性略有降低。     

Ni0.1Co0.9Fe2O4-based electrochemical sensor for the detection of paracetamol

A novel electrochemical sensor based on nickel-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (Ni_0.1Co_0.9Fe₂O₄)-modified glassy carbon electrode (NCF/GCE) was presented for the sensitive detection of paracetamol. Experimental conditions such as pH, applied potentials and concentration were investigated using cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric techniques. The modified electrode exhibited excellent catalytic response towards the oxidation of paracetamol with good reproducibility. The overpotential for oxidation of paracetamol is decreased, and the current response enhanced significantly on the modified electrode in comparison with that of bare electrode. Linear calibration curve is obtained over the range 2 μM to 8,000 μM having a detection limit of 11 nM. The modified electrode facilitated the simultaneous detection of paracetamol, ascorbic acid, and dopamine with good reproducibility.     

Co3O4/Ce0.8Pr0.2O2催化剂用于乙醇水蒸气重整反应的研究

采用共沉淀法制备了Co3O4/Ce0.8Pr0.2O2催化剂,并将其用于乙醇水蒸气重整制氢反应,考察了Co3O4负载量以及Pr掺杂对催化剂性能的影响.采用X射线衍射、程序升温还原、热重分析和透射电子显微镜对催化剂的结构和表面性质进行表征.结果表明,催化剂中部分Co进入到载体的晶格中,使载体发生畸变产生更多的氧空位;载体中Pr掺杂有利于生成更多的氧空位,提高了催化剂的抗积碳性能,同时Pr掺杂可以增强Co3O4与载体之间的相互作用,提高金属Co的抗烧结性能;15%Co3O4/Ce0.8Pr0.2O2催化剂具有最好的催化活性,在反应温度为400℃,空速80 000 mL/(g.h),n(H2O)∶n(EtOH)=3的条件下可将乙醇完全转化;10 h稳定性测试结果表明该催化剂具有较好的稳定性.     

铈锆比对低贵金属Pt＋Rh/Ce0.3＋xZr0.6－xY0.1O1.95＋Al2O3三效催化剂性能的影响

用共沉淀法制得一系列铈锆比不同的Ce_0.3＋xZr_0.6－xY_0.1O_1.95储氧材料, 并用于制备了一系列低贵金属Pt＋Rh/Ce_0.3＋xZr_0.6－xY_0.1O_1.95＋Al₂O₃三效催化剂. 用比表面、程序升温还原以及X射线衍射对该系列催化剂进行表征, 结果发现, 催化剂的活性与催化剂中贵金属的还原性能密切相关, 低铈储氧材料比高铈储氧材料更有利于促进贵金属还原, 因而含低铈储氧材料催化剂的活性明显优于含高铈储氧材料催化剂的活性, Pt＋Rh/Ce_0.35Zr_0.55Y_0.1O_1.95＋Al₂O₃的活性最佳, 对HC, CO和NO的起燃温度最低分别为: 235, 175, 200 ℃. 样品经1000 ℃水热老化之后, 贵金属Pt被烧结而发生迁移, 使得催化剂的活性及还原性能变差, 含低铈材料的催化剂的抗老化性能优于含高铈材料的催化剂, 其中Pt＋Rh/Ce_0.35Zr_0.55Y_0.1O_1.95＋Al₂O₃的抗老化性能最好.     

Effects of temperature on conduction mechanism,ac electrical and dielectric properties of NdFe0.9Ni0.1O3 by employing impedance spectroscopy

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - In the present work, the effects of temperature and frequency on the ac electrical and dielectric properties of polycrystalline NdFe0.9Ni0.1O3, prepared by...     

CuO and Ag2O/CuO catalyzed oxidation of aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acids by molecular oxygen

Furfural was oxidized to furoic acid by molecular oxygen under catalysis by 150 nm-sized Ag(2)O/CuO (92%) or simply CuO (86.6%). When 30 nm-size catalyst was used,the main product was a furfural Diels-Alder adduct. Detailed reaction conditions and regeneration of catalysts were investigated. Under optimal conditions, a series of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes were oxidized to the corresponding acids in good yields.     

Dual-modification of Gd2O3 on the high-voltage electrochemical properties of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode materials via the solid-state method

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - In this paper, the dual-modified LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 via Gd2O3 is successfully obtained by the solid-state method. The phenomenon of Li/Ni cation mixing...     

Phase and chemical transformations in the SiO2-Fe2O3(Fe3O4) system at various oxygen partial pressures

The SiO₂-Fe₂O₃(F₃O₄) system has been studied in air, oxygen, and an inert atmosphere. The dissociation temperatures for iron oxides, the onset and full melting temperatures for coexisting phases, and the melt demixing temperatures have been determined as a function of the oxygen partial pressure. A scenario of the phase and chemical transformations in the title systems has been developed.