Three New Sesquiterpenoids from Xylaria sp. NCY2

Three new sesquiterpenoids, xylarenones A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ), and xylarenic acid ( 3 ), were obtained from the endophytic fungal strain Xylaria sp. NCY2, which was isolated from Torreya jackii Chun . Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments, and by HR‐Q‐TOF mass spectrometry. The antitumor and antibacterial properties of the new compounds were evaluated.     

New sesquiterpenes from Ferula ferulaeoides (Steud.) Korovin. VI. Isolation and identification of three new dihydrofuro[2,3-b]chromones

Three novel 2-prenyl-dihydrofurochromone-type sesquiterpenoid derivatives, 2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-2S*,3R*-dimethyl-2-[4,8-dimethyl-3(E),7-nonadienyl]-furo[2,3-b]chromone, 2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-2S*,3R*-dimethyl-2-[4-methyl-5-(4-methyl-2-furyl)-3(E),7-pentenyl]-furo[2,3-b]chromone, and 2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-2R*,3R*-dimethyl-2-[4-methyl-5-(4-methyl-2-furyl)-3(E),7-pentenyl]-furo[2,3-b]chromone, were isolated from the roots of Ferula ferulaeoides. The structures were established by comprehensive spectral analysis. The biosynthetic pathway leading to these 2-prenyl-dihydrofurochromone-type sesquiterpenoids is proposed based on their structures.     

Two Halogenated Sesquiterpenoids from the Fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla

Two new halogenated eremophilane‐type sesquiterpenoids, (11S)‐ and (11R)‐12‐chloronootkaton‐11‐ol ( 1 and 2 , resp.), together with five known sesquiterpenoids, nootkatone ( 3 ), 7‐epiteucrenone B ( 4 ), oxyphyllenodiol A ( 5 ), oxyphyllenodiol B ( 6 ), and alpinenone ( 7 ), were isolated from the EtOH extract of the fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq . The structures were elucidated based on the analyses of their spectroscopic data.     

Two New Eremophilane‐Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Rhizomes of Ligularia veitchiana (Hemsl.) Greenm

Two new eremophilane‐type sesquiterpenoids eremophil‐6‐en‐11‐ol ( 1 ) and (7α,9α,10α)‐9,10‐epoxy‐eremophilan‐11‐ol ( 2 ), together with a known eremophilane‐type (6α,8α)‐6,8‐dihydroxyeremophil‐7(11)‐en‐12‐oic acid 12,8‐lactone ( 3 ) were isolated from the rhizomes of Ligularia veitchiana. The structures of 1 and 2 were established by spectral analysis including ¹H‐ and ¹³C‐NMR, HSQC, HMBC, and HR‐ESI‐MS data. The compounds 1 and 3 were assessed against lung‐cancer (A549) and stomach‐cancer (BCG823) cell lines by the MTT method. The results showed that 1 exhibited significant inhibiting activities on the growth of these cancer cells with IC₅₀ values between 1–100 μg/ml, whereas compound 3 had no effect on the same cell lines.     

Sesquiterpenoids from the Resinous Exudates of Commiphora opobalsamum (Burseraceae)

Phytochemical investigation of the exudates of Commiphora opobalsamum led to the isolation of three new sesquiterpenoids, 2α‐methoxy‐6‐oxogermacra‐1(10),7(11)‐dien‐8,12‐olide ( 1 ), 5β‐10α‐hydroxy‐2α‐methoxy‐6‐oxoguaia‐7(11),8‐dien‐8,12‐olide ( 2 ), and furanocadina‐1(10),6,8‐triene‐4‐ol ( 3 ), together with six known compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods.     

Bisyinshanic Acids A and B,Two Novel Diterpene Dimers from the Roots of Euphorbia yinshanica

Two novel diterpene dimers with a bismagdalenic acid skeleton, bisyinshanic acids A and B ( 1 and 2 , resp.), along with eight known diterpenoids ( 3 – 10 ), were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia yinshanica. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence.     

Two New Sesquiterpenoids from the Rhizomes of Curcuma xanthorrhiza

Zedoardiol ( 1 ), a new furanoguaiane sesquiterpenoid, and 3,4‐dihydroxybisabola‐1,10‐diene ( 2 ), a new naturally occurring bisabolane sesquiterpenoid, together with six known compounds, were isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb . Their structures were determined on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, mainly 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, MS, IR and X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction. Herein, the isolation and structure elucidation of the compounds are described.     

Two New Glycosides from the Roots of Ranunculus ternatus

Two new glycosides named as ternatoside A 1 and ternatoside B 2 were isolated from the roots of Ranunculus ternatus, the structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR, ESI-MS techniques, and chemical methods.     

Baeckeins A and B,Two Novel 6‐Methylflavonoids from the Roots of Baeckea frutescens

A pair of novel isomeric 6‐methylflavonoids, named baeckeins A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ), were isolated from the roots of Baeckea frutescens. The two compounds possess a unique C₂₃ skeleton, resulting from the 6‐methylation and 8‐arylation of a flavonol (=3‐hydroxy‐2‐phenyl‐4H‐1‐benzopyran‐4‐one) framework and the formation of an unusual lactone ring E. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses, including HR‐ESI‐MS and 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR data (HSQC, HMBC, and ROESY). A plausible biogenetic pathway for compounds 1 and 2 is also proposed (Scheme).     

Two Novel Nortriterpenoids from Gomphostemma parviflorum

Two new nortriterpenoids, gomphoparvin A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ), together with five known compounds, were isolated from the AcOEt‐soluble MeOH extract of Gomphostemma parviflorum (whole plant). Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated mainly on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR as well as MS analyses.     

温莪术环状含氧倍半萜类化学成分的研究

采用超临界流体CO2萃取（SFE-CO2）技术提取温莪术Curcuma wenyujin Y．H．Chen et C．Ling挥发油,用多种色潜和波谱方法对油中主成分进行分离和结构鉴定。结果分离得到5个环状含氧倍半萜类化合物,分别鉴定为：蓬莪术环二烯（Ⅰ）（furanodiene）、莪术二酮（Ⅱ）（curdione）、莪术双环烯酮（Ⅲ）（curcumenone）、（4S,5S）大牻牛儿酮4,5环氧化物（Ⅳ）（（4S,5S）-gemlacrone-4,5-epoxide）、莪术烯（Ⅴ）（curzerene）;其中蓬莪术环二烯含量约占莪术油30％,莪术双环烯酮系首次从温莪术中得到。并对上述5个化合物进行了THP-1细胞分泌TNF旺炎症因子抑制作用的体外活性实验,实验结果表明：蓬莪术环二烯和莪术烯对THP-1细胞分泌TNFct炎症因子有明显的抑制作用。     

Antioxidant and Antisteatotic Activities of a New Fucoidan Extracted from Ferula hermonis Roots Harvested on Lebanese Mountains

Fucoidan is a fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharide with attractive therapeutic potential due to a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant action. Fucoidan is typically found in the cell wall of marine brown algae, but extra-algal sources have also been discovered. In the present work, for the first time we extracted a water soluble fucoidan fraction from the roots of the terrestrial shrub Ferula hermonis. This fucoidan fraction was termed FUFe, and contained fucose, glucose, sulfate, smaller amounts of monosaccharides such as galactose and mannose, and a minor quantity of proteins. FUFe structural features were investigated by FTIR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant property of FUFe was measured by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays, which revealed a high radical scavenging capacity that was confirmed in in vitro cellular models. In hepatic and endothelial cells, 50 μg/mL FUFe could reduce ROS production induced by intracellular lipid accumulation. Moreover, in hepatic cells FUFe exhibited a significant antisteatotic action, being able to reduce intracellular triglyceride content and to regulate the expression of key genes of hepatic lipid metabolism. Altogether, our results candidate FUFe as a possible bioactive compound against fatty liver disease and related vascular damage.     

Eremophilane‐Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Fermentation Broth of Plant Endophytic Fungus Pestalotiopsis photiniae Isolated from the Chinese Podocarpaceae Plant Podocarpus macrophyllus

Two new sesquiterpenoid esters, pestalotiopins B and C ( 1 and 2 , resp.) related to the eremophilane class, together with one known compound, berkleasmin C ( 3 ), were isolated from the fermentation broth of the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis photiniae. Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR (HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), and MS experiments. Compound 1 has an interesting lactam structure, and this type of sesquiterpenoid with a lactam structure is reported for the first time.     

Bisabolane‐Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Rhizomes of Glochidion coccineum

A novel bisabolane‐type sesquiterpenoid lactone, glochicoccin A ( 1 ), and three new norbisabolane sesquiterpenoids, glochicoccins B–D ( 2 – 4 ), together with two known norbisabolane sesquiterpenoids, phyllaemblic acid ( 5 ) and phyllaemblic acid methyl ester ( 6 ), were isolated from the rhizomes of Glochidion coccineum. Their structures were elucidated by different spectroscopic (IR, UV, NMR) and mass‐spectrometric (MS) techniques. The structure and relative configuration of 1 was confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (Fig. 2). None of the compounds were found to exhibit cytotoxic or antioxidant activities.     

Sesquiterpenoids from the Aerial Parts of Inula japonica

Fourteen sesquiterpenoids with an eudesmane C‐atom skeleton, including four new ones, (1β,5α,7β,8β,11β)‐5‐hydroperoxy‐1‐hydroxyeudesm‐4(15)‐eno‐12,8‐lactone ( 1 ), (1β,5α,7β,8β)‐8‐(acetyloxy)‐5‐hydroperoxy‐1‐hydroxycostic acid methyl ester ( 12 ), and a mixture of (1β,3β,4β,7β,8β)‐1,3‐dihydroxyeudesma‐5,11(13)‐dieno‐12,8‐lactone ( 7 ) and (1β,3β,4β,7β,8β,11β)‐1,3‐dihydroxyeudesm‐5‐eno‐12,8‐lactone ( 8 ), were isolated from the aerial parts of Inula japonica (Asteraceae). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods, and those of 7 and 12 confirmed by means of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.     

Sesquiterpenoids from the Rhizome of Ligularia virgaurea

Two novel sesquiterpene dimers, compounds 1 and 2 , were isolated from the rhizome of Ligularia virgaurea, together with the six known sesquiterpenoids 3 – 8 . Their structures were established by physico‐chemical and spectroscopic methods, especially by means of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR as well as HR‐MS analyses. A mechanism based on a classical Diels–Alder cyclization is proposed for the formation of the dimer 1 from the precursors 8 and the quinone form of 6 (Scheme).     

Two Novel Poly-Oxygen Bipyridine Alkaloids from Speranskia tuberculata

In a previous paper' we reported two optically active pyridine-2, 6 (l H. 3H)-dionealkatoids speranskalines A and B from SPeranskia luberculala (Bge.) (Euphorbiaceae)We report here the isolation and structural elucidation of two novel poly-oxygenbipyridine alkaloids named speranculatines A (l) and B (2) from this plant.The acetone (or methanol) extract of the air-dried whole plants of .q. IllhelT.lllaluwas subjected to column chromatography on St gel to afford a fraction. whichdemonstrate…     

Two Eremophilane-type Sesquiterpenoids from the Rhizomes of Ligularia veitchiana（Hemsl.） Greenm

Two eremophilane-type sesquiterpenoids from the rhizomes of Ligularia veitchiana(Hemsl.) Greenm were isolated and determined as 10α,11-endoperoxide-1(2)-en-7α-hydroeremophilane(1) and 1(10)-en-2-oxo-7α-isopropanol-eremophilane(2).Compound 1 was a new compound and compound 2 was a new natural product.The structures of the two compounds were established by means of spectral methods including 1H NMR,13C NMR,2D NMR and MS.