Mobility-Modulated Sequential Dissociation Analysis Enables Structural Lipidomics in Mass Spectrometry Imaging

Spatial lipidomics based on mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool for fundamental biology studies and biomarker discovery. But the structure-resolving capability of MSI is limited because of the lack of multiplexed tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method, primarily due to the small sample amount available from each pixel and the poor ion usage in MS/MS analysis. Here, we report a mobility-modulated sequential dissociation (MMSD) strategy for multiplex MS/MS imaging of distinct lipids from biological tissues. With ion mobility-enabled data-independent acquisition and automated spectrum deconvolution, MS/MS spectra of a large number of lipid species from each tissue pixel are acquired, at no expense of imaging speed. MMSD imaging is highlighted by MS/MS imaging of 24 structurally distinct lipids in the mouse brain and the revealing of the correlation of a structurally distinct phosphatidylethanolamine isomer (PE 18 : 1_18 : 1) from a human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue. Mapping of structurally distinct lipid isomers is now enabled and spatial lipidomics becomes feasible for MSI.     

有机异构体的质谱分析简介

本文介绍了用于有机异构体辨析的几种质谱方法，并综述了它们在五类异构体中的应用。     

Immuno-Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Identifies Functional Macromolecules by Using Microdroplet-Cleavable Mass Tags

We present immunoassay-based desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (immuno-DESI-MSI) to visualize functional macromolecules such as drug targets and cascade signaling factors. A set of boronic acid mass tags (BMTs) were synthesized to label antibodies as MSI probes. The boronic ester bond is employed to cross-link the BMT with the galactosamine-modified antibody. The BMT can be released from its tethered antibody by ultrafast cleavage of the boronic ester bond caused by the acidic condition of sprayed DESI microdroplets containing water. The fluorescent moiety enables the BMT to work in both optical and MS imaging modes. The positively charged quaternary ammonium group enhances the ionization efficiency. The introduction of the boron element also makes mass tags readily identified because of its unique isotope pattern. Immuno-DESI-MSI provides an appealing strategy to spatially map macromolecules beyond what can be observed by conventional DESI-MSI, provided antibodies are available to the targeted molecules of interest.     

sn-1 Specificity of Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase-1 Revealed by a Mass Spectrometry-Based Assay

Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase-1 (LPCAT1) plays a critical role in the remodeling of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) in cellular lipidome. However, evidence is scarce regarding its sn-selectivity, viz. the preference of assembling acyl-Coenzyme A (CoA) at the C1 or C2-hydroxyl on a glycerol backbone because of difficulty to quantify the thus-formed PC sn-isomers. We have established a multiplexed assay to measure both sn- and acyl-chain selectivity of LPCAT1 toward a mixture of acyl-CoAs by integrating isomer-resolving tandem mass spectrometry. Our findings reveal that LPCAT1 shows exclusive sn-1 specificity regardless of the identity of acyl-CoAs. We further confirm that elevated PC 18 : 1/16:0 relative to its sn-isomer results from an increased expression of LPCAT1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue as compared to normal liver tissue. MS imaging via desorption electrospray ionization of PC 18 : 1/16:0 thus enables visualization of HCC margins in human liver tissue at a molecular level.     

芍药苷的电喷雾串联质谱研究

采用电喷雾串联质谱(ESI-MSn)技术, 结合H/D交换方法, 在正、负离子检测模式下对白芍药材中主要成分芍药苷的质谱裂解规律进行了系统研究. 实验结果表明, 该化合物在正、负离子模式下均得到较好的质谱信息, 且在正离子模式下, 电喷雾质谱分析的灵敏度更高. 同时获得了其质谱裂解规律, 为白芍中其它化合物的分析鉴定提供了有效的质谱方法.     

A Caged In-Source Laser-Cleavable MALDI Matrix with High Vacuum Stability for Extended MALDI-MS Imaging

Insufficient vacuum stability of matrix chemicals is a major limitation in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of large tissue sample cohorts. Here, we designed and synthesized the photo-cleavable caged molecule 4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzyl-2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (DMNB-2,5-DHAP) and employed it for lipid MALDI-MSI of mouse brain tissue sections. DMNB-2,5-DHAP is vacuum-stable in a high vacuum MALDI ion source for at least 72 h. Investigation of the uncaging process suggested that the built-in laser (355 nm) in the MALDI ion source promoted the in situ generation of 2,5-DHAP. A caging group is used for the first time in designing a MALDI matrix that is vacuum-stable, uncaged upon laser irradiation during the measurement process, and that boosts lipid ion intensity with MALDI-2 laser-induced postionization.     

蛋品中苏丹红残留的液相色谱串联质谱测定法研究

采用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）测定了蛋品中苏丹红I、II、III、Ⅳ号染料的残留。制样后,装柱,应用基质固相分散技术,用氯仿、乙腈混合溶液（体积比为90：10）淋洗,浓缩定容后经ZORBAX SB-C18柱分离,采用电喷雾正离子,多反应监控（MRM）模式检测。外标曲线定量,苏丹红I、II、III、Ⅳ的线性范围分别为0.5～100ng/g,5.0～100ng/g,1.0～100ng/g和2.0～100ng/g,线性方程的相关系数都大于0.99,添加样品回收率在87.3～113％之间,相对标准偏差均小于9.1％。针对四种苏丹红染料,该方法的检测低限分别可达0.1μg/kg,2.0μg/kg,0.2μg/kg,0.4μg/kg,可以满足国内外蛋品中苏丹红监控要求。     

蛋品中苏丹红残留的液相色谱串联质谱测定法研究

采用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）测定了蛋品中苏丹红I、II、III、Ⅳ号染料的残留。制样后,装柱,应用基质固相分散技术,用氯仿、乙腈混合溶液（体积比为90：10）淋洗,浓缩定容后经ZORBAX SB-C18柱分离,采用电喷雾正离子,多反应监控（MRM）模式检测。外标曲线定量,苏丹红I、II、III、Ⅳ的线性范围分别为0.5～100ng/g,5.0～100ng/g,1.0～100ng/g和2.0～100ng/g,线性方程的相关系数都大于0.99,添加样品回收率在87.3～113％之间,相对标准偏差均小于9.1％。针对四种苏丹红染料,该方法的检测低限分别可达0.1μg/kg,2.0μg/kg,0.2μg/kg,0.4μg/kg,可以满足国内外蛋品中苏丹红监控要求。     

尿样中神经性毒剂代谢产物的HPLC/Q-TOF MS/MS检测方法研究

建立了尿样中甲基膦酸单乙酯(EMPA)、甲基膦酸单异丙酯(IMPA)、甲基膦酸频哪基酯(PMPA)3种神经性毒剂代谢产物的HPLC/Q-TOFMS/MS检测方法。以StrataSi-1型固相萃取小柱对尿样中的3种神经性毒剂代谢产物进行分离,HPLC/Q-TOFESIMS/MS进行测定,内标法定量。该方法对EMPA、IMPA、PMPA的线性范围均为5～320μg/L,相关系数均不低于0.9974;EMPA、IMPA、PMPA的加标回收率分别为57%、98%、81%;检出限(S/N≥3)均为0.1μg/L,定量下限(S/N≥10)均为1μg/L。并将该方法应用于禁化武组织(OPCW)首次生物医学样品分析演练未知尿样的检测,结果满意。     

微型辉光放电等离子体用于质谱成像分析的初步研究

本实验利用实验室自主研发的微型辉光放电等离子体(MFGDP)作为离子源解吸样品,使之离子化,得到样品的特征质谱图,经特定软件的转化即可得到对应的图像,图像表明,MFGDP用于质谱成像具有可行性.本方法具有装置简单、操作简易、等离子体羽低温、分析时间短(＜20 min)等优点,可同时定位样品中不同物质的空间分布.本研究探讨了影响质谱成像图清晰度的因素,优化了实验条件,在最优条件下,本方法的空间分辨率约300μm,对加有尿素的不同字迹进行初步质谱分析,并对冬枣切片中硬脂酸和槲皮素衍生物的空间分布做了影像探索.此技术可以根据化学物质的指纹图谱区分不同的字迹,也能够很好地获取样品中不同营养物质的分布状况,因此,为字画研究、艺术品鉴定、营养物质分布图的获取提供了一种新的方法.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物组织中的16种喹诺酮类药物残留

建立了动物组织样品中萘啶酸、恶喹酸、氟甲喹、诺氟沙星、依诺沙星、环丙沙星、洛美沙星、丹诺沙星、恩诺沙星、氧氟沙星、沙拉沙星、二氟沙星、麻保沙星、培氟沙星、司帕沙星、奥比沙星等16种喹诺酮类兽药多残留量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。用酸性乙腈萃取样品中的16种喹诺酮类药物残留,然后用正己烷脱脂,旋转蒸发浓缩,以Inertsil C8-3色谱柱分离,在正离子模式下以电喷雾电离串联质谱进行测定。在10,50,100 μg/kg 3个加标水平下进行了验证试验,方法的线性范围为10~100 μg/kg,平均回收率为62.4%~102%,相对标准偏差为1.4%~11.9%。该方法简便、快速、准确,各项技术指标满足国内外法规的要求,可用于鸡肉、鸡肝和鱼肉等动物组织样品中喹诺酮类药物多残留的确证检测。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱内标法测定乳品中左旋肉碱含量

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱内标法测定乳品中左旋肉碱含量的方法。样品经0.1 mol/L HCl溶解,采用乙腈溶液沉淀蛋白,以HILIC色谱柱分离待测物,采用鞘流电喷雾离子化,正离子多反应监测模式(MRM)检测,内标法定量。在3个加标水平下,左旋肉碱的平均加标回收率为85.2%~102.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为7.6%~14.3%,方法检出限(LOD)为50μg/kg,定量下限(LOQ)为200μg/kg。运用该方法对20个乳品样品中的左旋肉碱含量进行测定,检出含量为68~165 mg/kg,与样品标签的符合率达95%。该方法快速、简便、准确,适用于乳品中左旋肉碱含量的测定。     

动物源性食品中吡喹酮残留量的LC-MS/MS测定

应用固相萃取液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)技术建立了动物源性食品中吡喹酮药物残留的检测方法。用乙酸乙酯提取样品中的吡喹酮残留,提取液经碱性氧化铝小柱净化,LC-MS/MS测定,在10~40μg/kg范围内添加回收率为91%~111%,定量下限(LOQ)为10μg/kg。本文还讨论了吡喹酮残留物的提取条件、流动相对吡喹酮ESI离子化的影响,并借助准MS/MS/MS技术探讨了吡喹酮主要质谱碎片的产生机理。     

超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱法筛查青黛中非法掺入的染色物质

建立了超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定青黛中非法掺入的染色物质孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿、天青A、天青B、天青C和亚甲基蓝的检测方法.样品经乙腈溶液(含5%甲酸)提取,采用超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)的多反应监测模式(MRM)进行定性和定量检测,其中孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿内标法定量,天青A、天青B、天青C、亚甲基蓝外标法定量.6种染色物质测定的线性范围在1～30 ng/m L之间,孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿、天青A、天青B、天青C、亚甲基蓝的检出限分别为0.5、0.5、1.0、1.0、1.0、1.0 ng/g,定量限分别为1.0、1.0、2.0、2.0、2.0、2.0 ng/g,3个水平的回收率在79.7%～119.7%之间,精密度的RSD%在0.7%～1.8%之间.方法前处理简单,灵敏度高,适用青黛中非法掺入的染色物质孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿、天青A、天青B、天青C和亚甲基蓝的快速检测.     

液质联用检测人体血浆中的阿奇霉素

采用高效液相色谱串联质谱技术(HPLC-MS/MS)测定人体血浆中阿奇霉素的浓度. 选用Lichrospher CN 柱, 流动相为V(乙腈)∶V(水)=40∶60(水中含体积分数为0.1%的甲酸和质量分数为0.1%的醋酸铵), 电喷雾离子源正离子方式检测. 该方法在2.34~600 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好, 定量下限为2.34 ng/mL(S/N>10), 回收率94.13%~97.42%, 基质效应92.50%~107.87%, 日内和日间测定药物浓度的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10.0%. 用该方法测定了24名男性健康志愿者单剂量口服500 mg阿奇霉素试剂和参比制剂于192 h内的血药浓度, 并进行了生物等效性研究.     

家禽肌肉组织中硝基咪唑类药物残留的液相色谱串联质谱测定

建立了同时检测家禽肌肉组织中3种硝基咪唑类药物残留的液相色谱-串联质谱法。样品用乙酸乙酯提取,经浓缩、过滤后直接进入液相色谱-质谱分析。采用监测母离子及其相应子离子的多反应监测技术,根据离子流峰面积进行定量。3种药物的定量检出限分别为甲硝唑0．8μg／kg、洛硝哒唑0．1μg／kg、二甲硝唑0．1μg／kg。1次分析的运行时间为5min。是一种快速、灵敏、可靠的分析方法。     

Analysis of the Aconitine Alkaloids in Chuanwu by Electrospray Ionization ／ Tandem Mass Spectrometry

An electrospray ionization / tandem mass spectrometric (ESUMS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous identification and analysis of three aconitine alkaloids [mesacontine (MA), hypaconitine (HA), and aconitine (A)] as intact molecules at low nanogram level in Chinese traditional medicine Chuanwu decoction as well as in human whole blood extract without chromatographic separation.     

Quantification of Erdosteine in the Low-volume of Dog Plasma by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Introduction Erdosteine[N-(carboxymethylthioacetyl)-homocysteine thiolactone](Fig.1)is a synthetic derivative of natural amino acid methionine[1].It has been commonly used in clinical practice as a mucolytic drug and as an enhancer of respiratory ventilation in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive respiratory disease.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鸡组织中的喹烯酮标示残留物

采用液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC—MS／MS）法测定鸡组织（肌肉、肝、肾）中喹烯酮标示残留物3-甲基喹噁啉-2-羧酸的含量。组织匀浆样品经碱水解、液液萃取,采用HPLC—MS／MS电喷雾电离（ESI）,正离子模式,多反应监测（MRM）,以喹噁啉-2-羧酸为内标进行定量。检出限为5μg／kg。     

串联质谱法鉴定丙基膦酸烷基酯异构体

采用串联质谱(MS/MS)研究了丙基膦酸烷基酯异构体,以鉴定与磷相连的丙基基团。针对电子轰击质谱(EI-MS)谱图中特征离子m/z 125和化学电离质谱(CI-MS)谱图中的准分子离子,进行串联质谱研究,对碰撞气压力和碰撞能量进行优化。实验结果表明:在碰撞能量20 V,碰撞气压力1.0 mTorr时,电子轰击串联质谱(EI-MS/MS)模式下,正丙基膦酸酯的母离子m/z 125碎裂产生较强的子离子m/z 107,而异丙基膦酸酯的母离子m/z 125则碎裂产生较强的子离子m/z 65和83;在化学电离串联质谱(CI-MS/MS)模式下,正丙基膦酸酯的准分子离子产生子离子m/z 125(基峰)和107,异丙基膦酸酯的准分子离子产生子离子m/z 125、107和83;通过串联质谱反应,能清晰地区分正丙基和异丙基膦酸烷基酯(C≥2)。