Training and opportunities for Analytical Chemists in Switzerland

Summary The development during the past 5 years (results of an enquiry running from 1973–1978) is shown for the following: A. Demand for Analytical Chemists in some important Swiss companies; B. Interest in training chemists specializing in Analytical Chemistry in Swiss universities; C. Teaching in Analytical Chemistry, in particular the University of Geneva.Presented at Euroanalysis III conference, Dublin, August 20–25, 1978     

食品安全与化学家的任务

“民以食为天”。食品是人类赖以生存和繁衍的物质基础,而食品安全则是关系到人体健康和国计民生的重大问题。近年来,我国的食品安全存在相当突出的问题,有关食品安全的恶性事件频频发生。随着我国经济和社会持续高速度发展,在基本解决食物供应量的同时,食品质量方面产生的问题越来越引起全社会的关注,尤其是在我国加入WTO之后,与世界各国间的贸易往来日趋频繁,     

第一届世界华人青年化学家学术会议暨第三届全国青年化学家学术会议在京召开

第一届世界华人青年化学家学术会议暨第三届全国青年化学家学术会议在京召开魏高原,赵新生（北京大学化学与分子工程学院北京１００８７１）ＴｈｅＦｉｒｓｔＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｆｏｒＷｏｒｌｄｗｉｄｅＹｏｕｎｇＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｓａｎｄｔｈｅＴｈｉｒ...     

The Role of Early-Career Chemists in European Policy-Making

Global societal challenges emphasize the importance of collaboration between scientists and policy-makers, while the participation of a diverse group of professionals, including early-career scientists, is critical towards a sustainable future. The European Young Chemists’ Network (EYCN) has been actively working with the European Chemical Society (EuChemS) to create a platform for early-career chemists in policy advice. This article comments on the possible roles of scientists in policy-making and provides an overview of relevant initiatives and platforms at the European level that could facilitate involvement. Opportunities for participation in policy advice from the perspective of early-career chemists are discussed and examples of impact are provided, hoping to stimulate further discussions and engagement in policy-making.     

The EC4 European Register for Clinical Chemists in relation to quality aspects

 The European Register for Clinical Chemists is founded and guarded by the European Communities Confederation of Clinical Chemistry (EC4). This register fits the current mind set of harmonization and globalization of occupations within the European Community. But in addition it enables and serves the continuing quest for quality assessment and improvement within the field of laboratory medicine. The content and position of clinical chemists in the European Union is described and the European Register outlined. Received: 10 July 2000 / Accepted: 20 July 2000     

Chemists of St. Petersburg and Development of Science and Technology in Russia

Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry -     

A New Route to Aryl-Phosphonites and Arylen-Bis-Phosphonites-Stabilizers for Plastics

Abstract

Aryl-phosphonites and arylen-bis-phosphonites are synthesized by a new grignard route. These compounds are useful as stabilizers for plastics.     

Electroplating of Plastics in Theory and Practice

Electroplated plastics combine many advantages of plastics and of metals; they have the low weight and ease of shaping of plastics, together with the luster, hardness, and electrical conductivity of metals. An important part of any process for the electroplating of plastics is a pretreatment to ensure good adhesion of the metal film. Etch activation in the straight-through method requires only six steps for pretreatment.     

The Contribution of the Russian Chemists of the 19th Century to Analytical Chemistry

A brief review of works related to analytical chemistry by V.M. Severgin, G.I. Gess, K.K. Klaus, G.V. Struve, P.N. Akhmatov, N.A. Bunge, F.F. Beil'shtein, M.A. Il'inskii, and many other chemists is presented. The contributions of the medical scientist A.A. Iovskii, the botanist and plant physiologist K.A. Timiryazev, and the mining engineer N.A. Ivanov are also noted. It is pointed out that Russian scientists suggested several methods for the determination of phosphorus, including the known one with the use of ammonium molybdate.     

Polymer Networks: From Plastics and Gels to Porous Frameworks

Polymer networks, which are materials composed of many smaller components—referred to as “junctions” and “strands”—connected together via covalent or non‐covalent/supramolecular interactions, are arguably the most versatile, widely studied, broadly used, and important materials known. From the first commercial polymers through the plastics revolution of the 20^th century to today, there are almost no aspects of modern life that are not impacted by polymer networks. Nevertheless, there are still many challenges that must be addressed to enable a complete understanding of these materials and facilitate their development for emerging applications ranging from sustainability and energy harvesting/storage to tissue engineering and additive manufacturing. Here, we provide a unifying overview of the fundamentals of polymer network synthesis, structure, and properties, tying together recent trends in the field that are not always associated with classical polymer networks, such as the advent of crystalline “framework” materials. We also highlight recent advances in using molecular design and control of topology to showcase how a deep understanding of structure–property relationships can lead to advanced networks with exceptional properties.     

治理塑料废弃物新技术途径探讨--专论可降解塑料的研究开发

综述了可降解塑料的研究开发现状及其进展。可降解塑料的降解时控性研究，合成，加工工艺改进以及降低成本的研究，可控光－生物降解的合成降解性研究和一次性使用塑料实用性研究，仍是今后需要深入探讨的重要研究课题。     

Physical Causes of Aging in Plastics

A number of physical changes that take place in a polymer below the glass transition temperature without the action of a medium are first described, and are then explained on the basis of changes in supramolecular order. Pure stress crazing with the characteristic self-limitation of craze growth is then considered. Models are developed to explain stress crazing under the influence of a wetting medium. Attempts to reduce stress crazing are then treated and the article closes with a discussion of the influence of morphological structure on crazing and cracking.