1,4-二氢-4-芳基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸酯的合成及表征

基于二氢吡啶化合物的构效关系, 设计了一系列1,4-二氢-4-芳基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸酯新化合物. 含有易于水解基团的1,4-二氢-4-芳基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸酯类化合物在碱性条件下水解合成了重要中间体1,4-二氢-4-芳基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸单酯, 收率93%～99.8%. 该二羧酸单酯与α-溴代芳基乙酮在相转移剂催化下反应合成目标化合物, 收率74%～99%. 中间体和目标化合物经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR, MS和元素分析等确证.     

高效液相色谱法拆分1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-4-(3-硝基苯基)-3,5-吡啶二羧酸单甲酯对映体

1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-4-（3-硝基苯基）-3,5-吡啶二羧酸单甲酯（简称单甲酯,结构见图1）是1,4．二氢吡啶类药物的一个重要中间体。消旋二氢吡啶类药物很难直接进行化学拆分,光学纯的二氢吡啶类药物多利用单甲酯的单一对映体合成得到。Delee等将蛋白质类手性固定相用于高效液相色谱拆分单甲酯对映体。本文将Chiralpak AD-H直链淀粉氨基甲酸酯类手性固定相用于高效液相色谱直接对单甲酯对映体进行拆分,方法简便、快捷,分离效果较好。     

联萘酚多氢键硫脲催化合成1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物

本文合成了三种具有多氢键的联萘酚轴手性硫脲催化剂,并将其用于催化合成1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物。结果显示,所合成的新型多氢键硫脲均表现出较好的催化作用,能有效地提高1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物的收率和对映选择性。所有新化合物结构均经过¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、IR、熔点等表征所确认。     

1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物合成方法的改进和芳构化研究

改进了Hantzsch合成法,通过一锅煮合成1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物,大大缩短了反应时间,操作简便,发现氯化铁是一个较好的1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物芳构化的氧化剂。     

1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物合成方法的改进和芳构化研究

改进了Hantzsch合成法,通过一锅煮合成1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物,大大缩短了反应时间,操作简便,发现氯化铁是一个较好的1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物芳构化的氧化剂。     

水介质中双(1,4-二氢吡啶)衍生物的合成

水介质中在苄基三乙基氯化铵(TEBAC)催化下,利用对苯二甲醛与1,3-二羰基化合物及醋酸铵的多组分反应合成了一系列官能团化双(1,4-二氢吡啶)衍生物。产物的结构通过红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱确定.该方法具有操作简单、产率高、环境友好等特点,为新型1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物的合成提供了一条绿色合成的途径。     

金催化选择性氧化共轭炔基炔酰胺合成4-羰基丁-2-炔酰胺

通过金催化选择性氧化1,3-共轭炔基炔酰胺,为4-羰基丁-2-炔酰胺化合物的合成提供了一种新的方法.这种含有活化的不饱和炔烃的1,4-双羰基化合物是有机化学中一种重要的合成子.利用该金催化氧化方法,可以高度选择性地对共轭炔烃的1,4-位进行氧化得到2-炔-4-羰基丁酰胺化合物,而不是生成较为常见的1,2-双羰基化合物....     

3-氰基-1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物的合成

1,4-二氢吡啶类化合物具有多种生物活性,在临床上受到广泛应用,普遍用于各类心脑血管疾病的治疗。以3-氰基吡啶和含不同取代基的溴化苄为原料在加热回流15h的条件下合成中间体盐;以硼氢化钾(KBH₄)作为还原剂,在冰水浴搅拌的情况下,与中间体盐反应,合成了15个结构新颖的1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物(a～o),产率可达85%～90%,其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和质谱进行表征。该方法具有成本低、环境友好、操作简单、产率高的特点。     

单取代苯乙醛及其二氢吡啶衍生物的合成

以单取代苯乙酸为原料,在SOCl2/MeOH中制得甲酯;用NaBH4/MeOH将其还原制得取代苯乙醇;再用戴斯-马丁氧化剂氧化制得单取代苯乙醛;最后通过Hantzsch反应合成了9个1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物——2,6-二甲基-3,5-二乙氧羰基-4-取代苄基-1,4-二氢吡啶(4a～4i),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS表征,其中4b～4i为新化合物。     

金催化选择性氧化共轭炔基炔酰胺合成4-羰基丁-2-炔酰胺（英文）

通过金催化选择性氧化1,3-共轭炔基炔酰胺,为4-羰基丁-2-炔酰胺化合物的合成提供了一种新的方法.这种含有活化的不饱和炔烃的1,4-双羰基化合物是有机化学中一种重要的合成子.利用该金催化氧化方法,可以高度选择性地对共轭炔烃的1,4-位进行氧化得到2-炔-4-羰基丁酰胺化合物,而不是生成较为常见的1,2-双羰基化合物.在该选择性氧化的条件下,可以以较高的收率得到一系列4-羰基丁-2-炔酰胺化合物.     

稻秆木素侧链13C同位素示踪及固体13CNMR分析

在水稻(Oryza sativa L.)生长过程中,向其茎秆部节间的空腔分别注入在侧链α,β,γ位带有¹³C标记的松柏醇葡萄糖甙,得到¹³C标记的稻秆木素,用高分辨率固体核磁¹³CNMR对其组织进行分析,发现外源性的松柏醇葡萄糖甙并不影响水稻中木素的正常合成.证明了β-O-4,β-β,β-5和β-1结构是稻秆原本木素中的主要结构,另外还有少量的松柏醇和阿魏酸类结构,并证实木素在α位与糖类等组分有共价键形成.     

Synthesis of [2-C]-oleanolic acid and [2-C]-myricerone

Synthetic way for ¹³C-labeled oleanolic acid 1 and myricerone 2 has been developed, starting from the parent 1 and 2. The procedure involves ring opening and closure of the A rings of these oleanane triterpenes. ¹³C was introduced into the 2-position by ¹³C-MeLi as an isotope source. Chelation controlled addition of methyllithium to -hydoxypentanone 11 is a common crucial step for labeling of 1 and 2, and judicious choice of protecting groups is essential for 2.     

The synthesis of [2,3,4-C3]glycitein

Glycitein is one of the soy isoflavones which have attracted considerable interest in recent years due to their possible beneficial effects on human health. However, glycitein has been much less studied than other members of this family due to the lack of good methods for its synthesis. Herein we report a short high yielding synthesis of a multiply ¹³C-labelled glycitein derivative, [2,3,4-¹³C₃]glycitein, which has been employed as an internal standard in LC–MS analysis. A key feature is a rapid and efficient synthesis of 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-[1′,2′-¹³C₂]acetophenone via acetylation of isovanillin with [¹³C₂]acetyl chloride followed by a Baeyer–Villiger reaction, selective hydrolysis and finally a BF₃ catalysed Fries rearrangement. An aldol reaction using 4-benzyloxy-[carbonyl-¹³C]benzaldehyde gave a chalcone and then thallium(III) mediated oxidative rearrangement, deprotection and cyclisation provided the [2,3,4-¹³C₃]glycitein. The overall yield for the 8 step reaction sequence, based on [¹³C₂]acetyl chloride, was 57%.     

Benzenoid ring contractions in the thermal automerization of acenaphthylene

Acenaphthylene-1-¹³C (1) rearranges at high temperatures in a flow system to give acenaphthylene-5-¹³C (2) and acenaphthylene-4-¹³C (3) in a 1:1 ratio as the primary products. This apparent migration of a labeled carbon atom from the bridge to the most remote sites in the molecule can be understood in terms of a benzenoid ring contraction mechanism.     

Synthesis, X-ray diffraction analysis and NMR studies of (Z)-2-methyl-3-triphenylstannyl-3-pentene-2-ol

The synthesis of (Z)-2-methyl-3-triphenylstannyl-3-pentene-2-ol and its characterization by an X-ray diffraction study and multinuclear NMR are reported. The tin atom exhibits a distorted tetrahedral SnC₄ geometry with the four Sn---C bond distances experimentally equivalent. The slight distortion from the ideal tetrahedral geometry is because of the presence of a weak intramolecular HO → Sn interaction of 3.012(3) Å which produces a loose four-membered ring. The title compound was characterized in solution by ¹H, ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR, and the persistence of the weak intramolecular HO → Sn coordination in solution was revealed by ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn secondary isotope multiplet of partially labelled entities (SIMPLE-NMR) experiments.     

同位素稀释-高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱法测定大气中多溴联苯醚和多溴联苯153

针对环境监测的特点和要求,建立了同位素稀释-高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱测定大气中多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)和多溴联苯153(BB153)的方法。采用正己烷/二氯甲烷(1:1, v/v)及正己烷分别对PBDEs和BB153进行快速溶剂萃取,并通过复合硅胶柱净化。在校准曲线最高浓度的10%和90%加标水平下得到的天然内标的平均回收率分别为100%和104%,平均相对标准偏差(n=7)分别为5%和6%;二至十溴代联苯醚和BB153相应的¹³C同位素标准物质回收率在36.5%~133%之间;而一溴代联苯醚¹³C同位素标准物质回收率较差,可能是由于物化性质与其他化合物不同。在实际采样体积为300 m³的情况下,未发生污染物穿透现象;分析物检出限低于2×10^-4 ng/Nm³,提取内标回收率在56%~126%之间(一溴代联苯醚除外)。实验结果表明该方法能对化合物准确定量,适用于大气中二至十溴代联苯醚和BB153的分析。     

An investigation of solute-liquid crystal interaction in hydrogen bonded complexes of palmitic acid and p-octyloxybenzoic acid

The orientational order of a liquid crystalline phase which has a specific solute-liquid crystal interaction was investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance. Three isotopically substituted species of palmitic acid (palmitic acid-d₃₁, 1-¹³C-2.2-H₂-palmitic acid-d₂₉ and 2,2,3,3-H₄-palmitic acid-d₂₇) were dissolved in the liquid crystal p-octyloxybenzoic acid (p-OOBA) and the proton, deuteron and carbon 13 NMR spectra recorded as a function of temperature. ¹H-¹³H dipolar couplings were observed using a spin echo pulse sequence which removes heteronuclear dipolar couplings to the chain deuterons. In the case of the carbon 13 labelled compound, ¹H-¹³C dipolar couplings could be observed by applying an additional refocusing pulse to the ¹³C spins. The dipolar and quadrupolar couplings were used to calculate the complete orientational order matrix of the alpha methylene segment of palmitic acid in p-OOBA. The liquid crystal was shown to largely determine the orientational order of the head group and this was attributed to intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The dipolar and quadrupolar couplings for the rest of the chain were interpreted in terms of a mean field equilibrium statistical model, based on the Samulski Inertial Frame Model. Hydrogen bonding was shown to be of greater importance in the orientational ordering of the solutes in the liquid crystal than are electrostatic interactions in the ordering of the amphiphile in the potassium palmitate/water system.     

Nuclear motion effects on the C, F and H shielding in methyl fluoride

The ¹⁹F , ¹³C and ¹H shielding in methyl fluoride and its deuterated isotopomers has been calculated from ab initio shielding surfaces for selected temperatures. In each case it is the stretching which contributes most to the nuclear motion corrections which total −9.425 ppm for the ¹⁹F shielding, −4.558 ppm for the ¹³C shielding and −0.601 ppm for the proton shielding. However, some second-order stretching and bending contributions are significant. The deuterium induced isotope shifts are substantial and should be easily measurable. There is a predicted nonadditivity in the ¹⁹F and ¹³C isotope shifts which can be traced to two of the bending contributions.     

新型苯并咪唑衍生物的合成

以苯甲醛甘油缩醛和对甲基苯甲醛甘油缩醛为原料,采用次氯酸钠催化氧化法,制得2-芳基-4-羧基-1,3-二氧戊环中间体;中间体分别与邻苯二胺或N-甲基邻苯二胺反应,合成了4种新型苯并咪唑衍生物(3a~3d),收率为78.0%~80.5%,其结构经UV, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。      

混合三烃基锡衍生物的研究(Ⅲ)──二丁基一环己基锡羧酸酯的合成、结构表征及生物活性

以丁基替换环己基,合成了20种二丁基一环己基锡羧酸酯。利用IR、NMR及元素分析表征了化合物的结构,确定了化合物的质谱裂解机制。对化合物进行了生物活性普筛试验。结果表明,这类化合物同时具有高效杀菌和杀螨活性。